Questions and Answers
What have there been ever since slavery arrived in the U.S.?
Three 'streams of thinking' about race
What does the First Stream favor?
The idea of human unity and cooperation across races
What characterizes the Second Stream of thinking about race?
The old Southern way of thinking that holds that black people are in a category between humans and animals
What do black people yearn for according to the Third Stream?
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The racism of the South can be dealt with by laughing it away.
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What is the only solution to racism according to the provided information?
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What was the state of education immediately following the Civil War?
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What is a problem with industrial schools mentioned?
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How does Du Bois describe the South?
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What did Du Bois argue is needed for black and white people to live alongside each other harmoniously?
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What should white Southerners do if they object to black people's presence?
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What are the three functions of black colleges according to Du Bois?
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What does Du Bois argue is necessary to find oneself 'above the Veil'?
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Study Notes
Streams of Thinking about Race
- Three distinct perspectives emerged regarding race since the arrival of slavery in the U.S.
- The first stream advocates for human unity and cooperation between races.
Second Stream Characteristics
- Represents the Old Southern mindset.
- Characterizes black individuals as occupying a space between humans and animals.
- Suggests that black people are "lovable within their limitations" yet destined to remain behind the Veil.
Third Stream Perspective
- Reflects the inner thoughts of black individuals who desire freedom and equality.
- Raises doubts about the validity of the second stream, questioning their place in society.
Addressing Southern Racism
- Racism in the South requires serious engagement and cannot be dismissed lightly.
- The key solution lies in education, reason, and cultural development to help individuals realize their potential, eliminate prejudice, and support those affected by the Veil.
Education Post-Civil War
- The immediate aftermath of the Civil War presented significant chaos and uncertainty in education.
- A period of constructive changes followed, resulting in the establishment of universities for freedmen, yet quality remains inconsistent and often poor for black children.
Challenges of Industrial Schools
- Industrial schools reduce individuals to mere workers, focusing on material prosperity rather than holistic education.
Racial Division in the South
- The South is racially fragmented into "two separate worlds" across all areas of life, including schools, workplaces, and public services.
Need for Black Colleges
- Du Bois emphasizes the need for black colleges to foster peaceful coexistence between white and black communities.
- There is a clear demand for higher education among young black individuals.
Reflection on White Southerners' Complaints
- Du Bois urges white Southerners to reconsider their views on the presence of black individuals.
- Highlights the historical injustices of slavery and prevalent white-on-black violence as contributors to societal issues, warning against prejudice based on the actions of individuals.
Functions of Black Colleges
- Black colleges serve three primary roles:
- Uphold educational standards.
- Enhance the quality of life for black individuals.
- Foster better relations and cooperation between races.
Education as a Means of Ascendance
- Du Bois contends that true elevation above the Veil can only be achieved through a strong educational foundation.
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Description
Explore the various perspectives on race that have emerged since slavery in the U.S., focusing on the differing views surrounding unity, the Southern mindset, and the aspirations of black individuals. This quiz emphasizes the importance of education and cultural development in combating racism and fostering understanding.