24 Questions
Middleware allows an application to interoperate with other software without requiring user to understand and code low-level operations.
True
In a fat client architecture, the client PC is responsible for processing presentation logic, extensive application, and business rules logic, and few DBMS functions.
False
In a thin client architecture, the client PC is responsible for processing presentation logic, extensive application, and business rules logic, and many DBMS functions.
False
API stands for Application Programming Interface.
True
ODBC is a common database API used for Oracle databases.
False
A web server is a software building block for creating dynamic web sites.
False
The first step in using databases via middleware APIs is to open a connection to a database.
False
An application server is a client program that sends web requests and receives web pages.
False
In a client/server architecture, the client is a powerful computer that provides a service.
False
In a three-tier architecture, the presentation, processing, and storage components are all located on the client side.
False
In a three-tier client-server environment, processing logic is at the client, server, or both.
False
JDBC is a Java implementation of database access to MySQL databases.
False
Application partitioning is the process of rewriting the application code to run on different platforms.
False
A database server hosts the web browser.
False
The Model class in a Python application is used to transform database data into a form that can be used by the client.
False
A thin client is typically a low-powered computer that relies on the server for most processing tasks.
True
Stored procedures are used to improve the security of a database.
False
In a two-tier client-server environment, processing logic could be at the client or server.
True
In a web application, the GUI interface is typically handled by the database server.
False
Middleware refers to the software that enables communication between a database server and an application server.
True
Connection pooling is a technique used to improve the security of a database.
False
Middleware is a type of software that enables communication between different systems or applications.
True
APIs are used to connect to databases in 3-tier applications using Java (JSP) and Python.
True
In a two-tier architecture, the presentation and processing components are combined on the client side, and the storage component is on the server side.
True
Study Notes
Client-Server Architectures
- A client-server architecture is a networked computing model where processes are distributed between clients and servers.
- A client is a workstation (PC, smartphone, tablet) that requests and uses a service.
- A server is a powerful computer (PC/mini/mainframe) that provides a service.
Fat Client vs. Thin Client
- A fat client is a client PC that is responsible for processing presentation logic, extensive application and business rules logic, and many DBMS functions.
- A thin client is an application where the client (PC) accessing the application primarily provides the user interfaces and some application processing, usually with no or limited local data storage.
Web Application Components
- A database server hosts the DBMS (e.g., Oracle, SQL Server, Informix, MS Access, MySql).
- A web server receives and responds to browser requests using HTTP protocol (e.g., Apache, Internet Information Services (IIS)).
- An application server is software building blocks for creating dynamic web sites (e.g., MS ASP.NET framework, Java EE, PHP).
- A web browser is a client program that sends web requests and receives web pages (e.g., Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Apple Safari, Google Chrome).
Three-Tier Architecture
- Processing logic is at the application server or web server.
- Figure 7-5 illustrates the information flow in a three-tier architecture.
Application Partitioning
- Application partitioning involves placing portions of the application code in different locations (client vs. server) after it is written.
- Advantages of application partitioning include improved performance, improved interoperability, and balanced workloads.
Middleware and APIs
- Middleware is software that allows an application to interoperate with other software without requiring user to understand and code low-level operations.
- An Application Program Interface (API) is a set of routines that an application uses to direct the performance of procedures by the computer's operating system.
- Common database APIs include ODBC, ADO.NET, JDBC.
Steps for Using Databases via Middleware APIs
- Steps for using databases via middleware APIs include:
- Identify and register a database driver.
- Open a connection to a database.
- Execute a query against the database.
- Process the results of the query.
- Repeat steps 3-4 as necessary.
- Close the connection to the database.
Considerations in 3-Tier Applications
- Stored procedures involve code logic embedded in DBMS, improving performance, but being proprietary.
- Transactions involve many database updates, requiring either all to succeed or none to occur.
- Database connections require maintaining an open connection, which is resource-intensive, and use of connection pooling.
Learn about the differences between thin clients and fat clients in computing, including their roles in processing and data storage.
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