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Thermodynamics: Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG) and Reaction Spontaneity

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Questions and Answers

What is the order of the phosphate groups, from closest to furthest from the ribose sugar?

gamma, beta, alpha
beta, alpha, gamma
alpha, beta, gamma (correct)
gamma, alpha, beta

What is the name of the process by which ATP is formed from the transfer of electrons from NADH or FADH2 to O2?

Proton-motive force
Oxidative phosphorylation (correct)
Electron transport
Chemiosmotic hypothesis

What is the purpose of the inward-facing fold-like projections in the mitochondria?

To increase the surface area of the membrane (correct)
To house mitochondrial DNA
To decrease the surface area of the membrane
To facilitate the breakdown of carbohydrates

What is the site of hydrogen ion deposition in the mitochondria?

The inner membrane (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental concept of oxidative phosphorylation?

The ATP synthesis driven by proton-motive force (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of NADH and FADH2 in oxidative phosphorylation?

They are produced by the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and amino acids (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the nonspontaneous reaction that is coupled to the oxidation reaction of NADH or FADH2?

The joining of ADP to inorganic phosphate (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the area where the protein complexes involved in the electron transport chain are located?

The inner membrane (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the transfer of electrons from NADH or FADH2 to O2?

The formation of ATP (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that drives ATP synthesis in oxidative phosphorylation?

Proton-motive force (B) Signup and view all the answers

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