Therapeutic Diets Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary indication for a high-calorie diet?

To decrease caloric intake for weight loss

To regulate blood sugar levels

To increase caloric intake for energy deficiency (correct)

To manage activity levels in sedentary individuals

Which of the following is NOT a condition that may require a high-calorie diet?

Anorexia

Pregnancy

Trauma

Hypothyroidism (correct)

What is the caloric reduction range recommended for a low-calorie diet?

1,000 to 1,500 kcal

500 to 1,000 kcal (correct)

200 to 800 kcal

100 to 500 kcal

What is the expected outcome of adhering to a low-calorie diet?

Weight loss Signup and view all the answers

Which demographic group is most likely to benefit from an increase in carbohydrate intake?

Athletes during training Signup and view all the answers

In which condition might a high-carbohydrate diet be particularly useful?

Increased energy requirement Signup and view all the answers

What benefit is primarily associated with a high-calorie diet during trauma recovery?

Promotion of tissue healing Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of a low-carbohydrate diet?

Increased protein intake Signup and view all the answers

Which dietary adjustment is recommended for patients with COPD?

Increase fat intake Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended protein intake for individuals with malnutrition?

1.2-2 g/kg body weight per day Signup and view all the answers

What should the fat content be for a diet aimed at managing cardiovascular diseases?

Less than 30% of total calories Signup and view all the answers

What is an appropriate dietary adjustment for someone experiencing dumping syndrome?

Increase fat intake Signup and view all the answers

What type of fat should be avoided to manage dietary fat intake?

Trans fats Signup and view all the answers

For individuals with renal disease, what is the recommended protein intake?

0.6-0.8 g/kg body weight per day Signup and view all the answers

Which food group is typically emphasized to increase protein intake?

Meat and dairy Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum fat allowance recommended for a low-fat diet?

40-50 grams per day Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Therapeutic Diets

High Calories: Increases caloric intake (500-1000 kcal) for weight gain, fever, infection (increased metabolic rate), hyperthyroidism, surgery, trauma, burns, pregnancy, lactation, infancy, and childhood.
Low Calories: Decreases caloric intake (500-1000 kcal) for weight loss, and hypothyroidism (decreased metabolic rate).
High Carbohydrates: Increases carbohydrate intake for increased energy needs
Low Carbohydrates: Decreases carbohydrate intake for conditions like COPD and type 2 diabetes (consistent CHO).
High Protein: Increases protein intake (1.2-2g/kgbw/day) for growth, pregnancy, lactation, malnutrition, burns, surgery, fractures, fever, and infections.
Low Protein: Decreases protein intake (0.6-0.8g/kgbw/day) for conditions such as renal disease and cirrhosis with impending coma.
High Fat: Increases fat intake for conditions like epilepsy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and dumping syndrome. Avoid saturated and trans fats (use MCT).
Low Fat: Decreases fat intake for cardiovascular disease, less than 30% fat, allowing 40-50 grams of fat daily.

Modified Diets (Non-Nutrient Content)

Gluten-Free Diet: Removes gluten (from wheat, barley, rye, oats) for celiac disease, gluten enteropathy.
Lactose-Free Diet: Limits lactose (in milk) for lactose intolerance, Crohn's disease, celiac disease, and ulcerative colitis.
Oxalate-Controlled Diet: Excludes high-oxalate foods (cocoa, tea, wheat germ, strawberries, nuts, spinach, beets, baked beans, peanut butter, tofu) for patients with oxalate stones (provides 50mg oxalate/day).
Low Purine Diet: Reduces purine intake (100-150 mg/day) for gout. Avoids meats, liver, kidneys, sweetbreads, anchovies, and mushrooms.

Other Information

Other Diets: Includes general liquid diets (excluding milk and carbonated drinks), tube feeding, BRAT diet (for diarrhea), low cholesterol diets (200-300mg/day), neutropenic/low bacterial diets, and hypoallergenic diets.

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Description

This quiz covers various therapeutic diets, focusing on high and low caloric, carbohydrate, protein, and fat intakes. It explores the reasons for dietary adjustments based on different health conditions such as pregnancy, malnutrition, and diabetes. Test your understanding of how these diets aid in managing specific health needs.