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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of DNA variations in relation to behavior?

  • DNA variations code for behavior directly
  • DNA variations have no effect on behavior
  • DNA variations create differences in physiological systems that can affect behavior (correct)
  • DNA variations are not related to behavior

    • What is the definition of a codon?

  • The synthesis of an RNA molecule from DNA in the cell nucleus
  • The assembly of amino acids into peptide chains on the basis of information encoded in messenger RNA
  • A sequence of three bases that codes for a particular amino acid or the end of a transcribed sequence (correct)
  • A pair of chromosomes

    • Where does translation occur?

  • On ribosomes in the cell cytoplasm (correct)
  • In the cell membrane
  • In the cell nucleus
  • In the chromosomes

    • What did Mendel assume about the inheritance of genes?

    <p>Mendel assumed that all genes are inherited independently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of genes being close together on chromosomes?

    <p>It violates Mendel's second law of independent assortment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

    <p>46 pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the sex chromosomes and the other chromosomes?

    <p>The sex chromosomes are X and Y, while the other chromosomes are autosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of meiosis?

    <p>Meiosis occurs in the sex cells producing eggs and sperm with one member of each chromosome pair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of crossover (recombination) during meiosis?

    <p>Crossover creates genetic variability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis?

    <p>Mitosis produces diploid cells, while meiosis produces haploid cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between DNA and RNA?

    <p>The sugar molecule they contain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mutation could lead to a silent mutation?

    <p>Substitution of one nucleotide with another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of non-coding RNA molecules?

    <p>Regulating gene expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of RNA is involved in carrying amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?

    <p>Transfer RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that removes introns and joins exons in RNA processing called?

    <p>Splicing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does alternative splicing refer to in molecular biology?

    <p>The process of creating multiple mRNA transcripts from one gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of molecule contains chemical marks that regulate gene expression?

    <p>Epigenome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the most likely consequence if there were no introns in the DNA sequence?

    <p><strong>Lower</strong> genetic variability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are DNA molecules considered more stable compared to RNA molecules?

    <p><strong>Double-stranded</strong> structure of DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

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