Theory of Evolution and Evidence

True (A)

Transitional fossils

<p>analogous</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fossil Record = Preserved remains of an organism or its activity Comparative Anatomy = Study of similar anatomical structures to find common descent Vestigial Structures = Body parts that serve no useful function but are homologous to functional structures Molecular Biology = Using DNA and genetics to identify descent from a common ancestor</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are homologous to functional structures in closely related species. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical similarities such as post-anal tails and paired pharyngeal pouches</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structural adaptation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural Selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Founder</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stabilizing Selection = Selection against both extremes Directional Selection = Selection against an extreme Disruptive Selection = Selection against the mean</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hibernation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prezygotic and Postzygotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>naked</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A process where one organism resembles another for protection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The formation of new species from existing ones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>disruptive</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-Vascular (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process by which organisms change over time, leading to the development of new species. It is driven by natural selection, where organisms with traits better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

The preserved remains or traces of ancient life, providing evidence of past organisms and their environments.

Fossils that exhibit characteristics of both ancestral and descendant species, demonstrating evolutionary transitions.

The study of the distribution of plants and animals across the globe, providing evidence for evolution through geographical patterns.

Body structures in different species that share a common underlying structure, despite having different functions.

Body structures in different species that have similar functions, but have evolved independently and have different underlying structures.

Structures in an organism that have lost their original function over time but are still present in the organism.

The study of the similarities and differences in the developmental stages of different organisms, providing evidence for evolutionary relationships.

A physical feature that helps an organism survive in its environment. For example, a cactus's spines help it conserve water.

An internal process or chemical change that helps an organism survive. For example, hibernation helps animals survive cold winters.

A behavior that helps an organism survive. For example, migration helps birds find warmer climates.

A change in the genetic makeup of an individual that can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral. Mutations can occur through mistakes during cell division.

The process where organisms better suited to their environment survive to reproduce more often. Over time, these advantageous traits become more common in the population.

The process where organisms choose mates based on certain traits, often leading to the evolution of those desirable traits.

The movement of genes from one population to another due to migration of individuals, which introduces new genetic variation into the population.

Random changes in allele frequencies within a population, often due to chance events like a natural disaster.

A type of genetic drift where a small group of individuals separates from a larger population and establishes a new population, leading to a loss of genetic diversity.

A type of genetic drift where a large population undergoes a drastic reduction in size due to a catastrophic event, resulting in a loss of genetic diversity.

The formation of new species from existing species, usually due to isolation and genetic divergence.

Speciation that occurs when populations within the same geographical area diverge and become reproductively isolated due to factors like ecological specialization.

Speciation that occurs when a population is split into two or more isolated groups by a geographical barrier, leading to reproductive isolation and genetic divergence.

A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature.

A mechanism that prevents mating or fertilization between species. They can prevent mating from happening in the first place or the process of fertilization from occurring.

A mechanism that prevents a hybrid zygote from developing into a viable, fertile offspring. Even if fertilization occurs, these barriers prevent the hybrid from being successful.