Science Quarter 3 - Module 6: Evidence of Evolution

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Questions and Answers

What provides the most direct evidence of a shared evolutionary history among different species?

  • Similar fossil records.
  • Similar DNA sequences. (correct)
  • Similar embryological structures.
  • Similar physical body structures.

What characterizes direct evidence of evolution?

  • Inferences made without observing evolutionary events.
  • Observations of actual evolutionary events. (correct)
  • Assumptions about the past without empirical evidence.
  • Hypotheses that are impossible to verify using data.

Which statement best represents the theory of evolution?

  • Each organism is uniquely designed.
  • Species share a common ancestor. (correct)
  • Fossil records indicate a series of local catastrophic events.
  • The Earth is relatively young.

The process by which new and distinct species form in the course of evolution is known as:

<p>Speciation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What field of study focuses on the geographical distribution of organisms?

<p>Biogeography (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the study of prenatal development, including fertilization and the growth of embryos?

<p>Embryology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are structures that may no longer have a purpose in a current form of an organism?

<p>Vestigial structures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes a set of genetically developed traits that make an organism better suited to its environment?

<p>Adaptation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary action a student should take before engaging with the module content?

<p>Take the pre-test. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of resource is NOT encouraged for use while working through this module?

<p>The answer key (before completion). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided guide, what is the recommended approach to learning from the module?

<p>To proceed slowly to ensure understanding. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach regarding how answers should be recorded when working on this module?

<p>Use a clean sheet of paper, properly labeled. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should a student refer to other material in order to clarify concepts?

<p>It's encouraged to investigate other materials throughout the process. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a student do if they need further help or clarification on the material?

<p>Ask their teacher or a knowledgeable person for help. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After completing the whole module, what is the best indicator that the student followed the correct process?

<p>Checking answers in the activities, self-assessments, and post-test. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach is recommended when recalling previously learned concepts related to Earth science?

<p>Connect new ideas to previous knowledge. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature of the skull shows a significant change from the dawn horse to the modern horse?

<p>The number and complexity of cheek teeth. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature found in the front leg of the horse is an example of adaptation for speed and effective movement?

<p>The reduction in the number of digits or toes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature of the horse's skull remains relatively constant across its evolutionary path, according to the images?

<p>The relative position of the mandibular joint. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the diet of the modern horse compared to its ancestors, based on the changes in the skull and teeth?

<p>Modern horses primarily consume grass, while the ancestors diet was of different types of vegetation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What conclusion can be drawn by comparing the front leg bone structure across different stages of horse evolution?

<p>The change in leg structure is primarily due to adaptation for improved speed and stride length. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the illustration, which of the following statements about the horse's skull is true?

<p>The number and structure of cheek teeth becomes more complex from the dawn horse to the modern horse. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can the position of the superficial digital flexor tendon, the deep digital flexor tendon, and the pastern in the horse's front leg tell, based on the figure?

<p>These tendons and bones play a crucial role in the horse's locomotion and weight support. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the illustration, what can be deduced about the horse's front leg evolution?

<p>The horse's digit reduction and hoof development help with running efficiency. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Republic Act 8293, who can grant permission for the commercial use of government-created works?

<p>The government agency or office that created the work (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one condition that a government agency might impose when granting permission to use their work for profit?

<p>Payment of royalties (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with designing the layout of this module?

<p>Francis Henry P.Palaruan and Jecson L.Oafallas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of this Self-Learning Module (SLM)?

<p>To allow learners to continue studying at home (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about evolution is NOT accurate?

<p>The world is inherently stable and unchanging. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT included in the module's development team?

<p>Translators (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which geologic era are the oldest fossils typically discovered?

<p>Precambrian (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are the primary authors of the content of this module?

<p>Flornelove R.Opinano and Michelle C.Regala (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement most accurately describes the theory of natural selection?

<p>In nature, organisms with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and those with weaker traits may not. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a role mentioned within the development team?

<p>Quality Assessors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which idea best embodies the theory of evolution?

<p>Species are related through shared ancestry. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An adaptation primarily increases an organism's...

<p>chance to both survive and reproduce (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the introductory message, what should the learners expect from the activities, questions and exercises in this module?

<p>That they are formulated for easy understanding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The study of vertebrate forelimbs is most relevant to which field?

<p>Comparative anatomy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All the statements are true about fossils EXCEPT...

<p>Fossils look identical to today's species, regardless of their age (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes homologous structures?

<p>Structures similar in origin and structure and evolve to fit the way of life. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes creatures that can successfully reproduce with each other in nature?

<p>Fertile species (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The young born from living organisms due to sexual reproduction involve which of the following?

<p>Offspring from two organisms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following primary functions is associated with a bat?

<p>Flying (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic distinguishes modern horses from their predecessors?

<p>Development of hooves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of animals, what function is primarily associated with humans?

<p>Using tools (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary locomotion method used by whales?

<p>Swimming (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature is common to all skulls mentioned in the activity?

<p>Similar ridge on the top (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant difference between modern horses and earlier equine species?

<p>Larger overall size (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Heritable Mutation

For a mutation to contribute to evolution, it must be passed down to offspring and alter their traits.

Precambrian Era

The time period with the oldest fossils, preceding the Paleozoic era.

Natural Selection

The theory that organisms with traits better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Theory of Evolution

The idea that all life on Earth is descended from a common ancestor and has diversified over time.

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Adaptation

A feature that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.

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Comparative Anatomy

The study of similarities and differences in the anatomy of different organisms.

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Homologous Structures

Structures with the same basic underlying structure but different functions, reflecting a common ancestry.

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Fitness

Natural selection favors traits that increase an organism's ability to survive and produce offspring.

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Evolution

The process by which organisms change over time, leading to the development of new species.

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Fossils

Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms, providing evidence of past life.

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Sedimentary Rock

A type of rock formed from layers of sediment deposited over millions of years. It's often where fossils are found.

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Pretest

A scientific test designed to check your understanding of a topic before starting a learning module.

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Post-test

A scientific test designed to evaluate your understanding of a topic after completing a learning module.

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Lesson Summary

A brief summary of a topic that focuses on key concepts and ideas.

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Activities

Exercises and activities designed to reinforce learning and help you understand concepts better.

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Self-Learning Module (SLM)

A self-contained learning resource designed for individual study, allowing learners to progress at their own pace.

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Department of Education (DepEd)

The department responsible for the development and delivery of education in the Philippines.

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Copyright

A document stating the author's rights to their original work, allowing them to control its use and distribution.

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Prior Approval

A written permission from the owner to use copyrighted materials for specific purposes.

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Royalties

The right to receive a share of profits earned from the use of copyrighted works.

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Borrowed Materials

Materials borrowed from other sources, such as songs, stories, or images, that are protected by copyright.

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Locating and Seeking Permission

The process of identifying the original source of borrowed materials and obtaining permission for their use.

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Speciation

The process by which new species arise from existing species over time.

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Biogeography

The study of the geographical distribution of plants and animals.

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Embryology

The study of the development of embryos.

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Vestigial Structure

A feature or behavior of an organism that has lost its original function.

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Organism

An individual living organism.

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Analogous Structures

Structures that have different appearances but perform the same function.

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Species

Groups of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

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Offspring

The offspring of living organisms, produced through either sexual or asexual reproduction.

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Paleontology

The study of fossils, providing evidence for evolutionary relationships.

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Uniformitarianism

The idea that Earth's geological features are formed by slow, gradual processes.

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Catastrophism

The belief that major changes on Earth occurred due to sudden, catastrophic events.

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Creationism

The theory proposing that all living things were created by a divine being.

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Abiogenesis

The concept that life arose from non-living matter.

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Resemblances of Horse Ancestor Skulls

The skulls of different horse ancestors share similarities indicating their evolutionary relationship. These resemblances provide compelling evidence for their common ancestry.

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Evolutionary Change in Cheek Teeth

The most notable change in skull anatomy from the dawn horse to the modern horse is the increase in the size of its cheek teeth. This adaptation likely reflects a shift in diet, favoring the ability to graze on tougher, more abrasive vegetation.

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Cheek Teeth of Ancestor Horses

Ancestor horses had relatively smaller cheek teeth compared to modern horses, suggesting a diet primarily focused on softer vegetation.

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Cheek Teeth of Modern Horses

Modern horses have evolved larger cheek teeth, signifying their adaptation to a diet of tougher, abrasive grasses.

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Evolution of Cheek Teeth

The skulls of the various horse ancestors exhibit a gradual increase in the complexity and size of their cheek teeth, highlighting the adaptation towards consuming a wider range of plant matter.

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Study Notes

Science - Quarter 3 - Module 6: Evidence of Evolution

  • This module explores the evidence for evolution, focusing on fossil records, comparative anatomy, and genetic information.
  • Charles Darwin and other scientists contributed significantly to our understanding of how species evolve over time.
  • The development of life on Earth, from a common ancestor, has resulted in the vast diversity of life forms we see today.
  • The module provides a historical journey into evolutionary changes in species.
  • Pre-test activities are included to assess prior knowledge before proceeding.
  • Post-test activities will allow students to evaluate their understanding after completing the module.
  • The module provides activities with detailed instructions and answer keys.
  • The module also includes activities and exercises designed for independent or self-paced learning.
  • Students should use a separate sheet of paper for answering exercises and tests, and use materials carefully.
  • Students should consult their teacher or facilitator for any questions or difficulties.
  • The module emphasizes concepts like homologous, analogous, and vestigial structures.
  • The module highlights the role of gene mutations in the evolution of species.
  • Fossil records, comparative anatomy, and genetic information are direct evidence for evolution.
  • Some important concepts in the study of evolution are the following:
    • Creationism: Belief life forms were created through supernatural intervention.
    • Catastrophism: Belief that Earth's geological changes are due to sudden catastrophes.
    • Uniformitarianism: Belief that forces acting on Earth are consistent throughout time.

Development Team

  • The writers and editors are listed, along with reviewers and illustrators.
  • Information on layout artists, management team, and printing is included.

Additional Activities

  • Students will be able to identify terms related to the origin of evolution.
  • They will also complete matching exercises.

Introduction

  • The module includes an introductory message addressing students and educators.
  • It acknowledges the importance of home-based learning and provides guidance.
  • It explains how the module and other materials will guide the student step by step.

What I Need to Know

  • The introduction provides a concise introduction to evolution as a biological process.
  • Tips for effective use of resources and time are included.
  • It includes important concepts like pre-test, self-assessment activities, and a guide to further information.

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Science Grade 10 Quarter 3 Module 6: Evidence of Evolution PDF

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