Theories of Deviance and Social Control

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According to the passage, which of the following is a key aspect of socialization?

The individual's innate personality traits

The social context, including culture and social structures (correct)

The individual's economic status

The individual's physical characteristics

The passage states that socialization refers to the lifelong process of social interaction through which people acquire their identities and necessary survival skills. Which of the following is NOT a key part of this process?

Gaining political power and influence (correct)

Acquiring physical skills and abilities

Internalization of social norms and values

Developing one's unique personality traits

According to the conflict perspective, which of the following would be seen as a driver of socialization?

The need to transmit cultural values and norms

The desire for social harmony and cohesion

The struggle for power and resources between social groups (correct)

The influence of charismatic leaders and role models

From a subcultural view, how might socialization differ from the perspective presented in the passage?

Subcultures would emphasize the importance of individual agency and self-expression Signup and view all the answers

How might the concept of social control and sanctions be relevant to the socialization process described in the passage?

Social control and sanctions would be used to enforce the transmission of cultural values and norms Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would be a key critique of the socialization process described in the passage from a conflict perspective?

The process is too focused on the transmission of cultural values and norms Signup and view all the answers

Which theory suggests that deviance arises from tensions between socially-approved goals and an individual's ability to achieve them?

Structural strain theory Signup and view all the answers

Which theory emphasizes that deviance only emerges when society labels certain actions as 'deviant'?

Labeling theory Signup and view all the answers

What perspective analyzes deviance in terms of power struggles and competing interests among social groups?

Conflict perspective Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the systematic means used to maintain norms, rules, and laws, and to discourage deviant behavior?

Formal sanctions Signup and view all the answers

In the context of social control, what distinguishes formal sanctions from informal sanctions?

The legality under laws and regulations Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of social control primarily involves maintaining an appearance of order to deter deviant behavior?

Broken window theory Signup and view all the answers

What is conformity?

Adopting behaviors to fit in with the group Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of conformity involves publicly complying but privately disagreeing?

Compliance Signup and view all the answers

Deviance is characterized by actions that:

Violate commonly held social norms Signup and view all the answers

What is the subcultural view of deviance?

Justifying deviant behavior within certain subcultures Signup and view all the answers

Which perspective emphasizes the role of power and inequality in defining deviance?

Conflict perspective Signup and view all the answers

How does social control influence behavior?

By reinforcing appropriate behavior through laws and regulations Signup and view all the answers