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What role do independent functions play in nursing practice?
What role do independent functions play in nursing practice?
Independent functions facilitate reflection, questioning, and critical thinking about nursing actions.
How do theories contribute to nursing education?
How do theories contribute to nursing education?
Theories provide a framework for generating knowledge and allow students to practice critical thinking.
What is the significance of nursing philosophy?
What is the significance of nursing philosophy?
Nursing philosophy is the most abstract type of theory that defines the meaning of nursing phenomena.
What are nursing conceptual models classified as?
What are nursing conceptual models classified as?
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What is a key characteristic of the research classification of theory in nursing?
What is a key characteristic of the research classification of theory in nursing?
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Can you name some pioneering theorists in nursing?
Can you name some pioneering theorists in nursing?
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How do theories help in connecting theory and practice?
How do theories help in connecting theory and practice?
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What benefit do theories offer to nursing professionals?
What benefit do theories offer to nursing professionals?
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What are Grand Nursing Theories and how do they differ from Middle-Range Theories?
What are Grand Nursing Theories and how do they differ from Middle-Range Theories?
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How do the works of Levine, Rogers, Roy, King, and Orem contribute to nursing practice?
How do the works of Levine, Rogers, Roy, King, and Orem contribute to nursing practice?
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What does the term 'nursing paradigm' encompass?
What does the term 'nursing paradigm' encompass?
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Define the term 'holistic health' as implied in nursing theories.
Define the term 'holistic health' as implied in nursing theories.
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What is a 'conceptual framework' in the context of nursing?
What is a 'conceptual framework' in the context of nursing?
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Explain the significance of client interaction according to nursing theories.
Explain the significance of client interaction according to nursing theories.
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What role does self-care play in Orem's nursing theory?
What role does self-care play in Orem's nursing theory?
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How do middle-range theories assist nursing research?
How do middle-range theories assist nursing research?
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What is the primary goal of RA 9003 in relation to cleanliness?
What is the primary goal of RA 9003 in relation to cleanliness?
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How does frequent handwashing contribute to public health?
How does frequent handwashing contribute to public health?
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Identify two strategies that promote pure air quality.
Identify two strategies that promote pure air quality.
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What is a recommended practice for ensuring pure water consumption?
What is a recommended practice for ensuring pure water consumption?
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What role does the 'Tapat Ko, Linis Ko' program play in environmental sanitation?
What role does the 'Tapat Ko, Linis Ko' program play in environmental sanitation?
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Why is it necessary to declog the sewerage system regularly?
Why is it necessary to declog the sewerage system regularly?
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Explain the significance of conserving water.
Explain the significance of conserving water.
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Describe one important aspect of Jean Watson's philosophy of transpersonal caring.
Describe one important aspect of Jean Watson's philosophy of transpersonal caring.
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What is the primary role of practitioners in self-care?
What is the primary role of practitioners in self-care?
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How does self-care promote personal well-being?
How does self-care promote personal well-being?
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What are Self-Care Requisites?
What are Self-Care Requisites?
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What constitutes the environmental dimensions affecting self-care?
What constitutes the environmental dimensions affecting self-care?
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Explain the importance of self-knowledge in the self-care process.
Explain the importance of self-knowledge in the self-care process.
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List two elements of self-care requisites.
List two elements of self-care requisites.
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What is the significance of community in self-care?
What is the significance of community in self-care?
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How does a practitioner assist individuals in participating in their medical care?
How does a practitioner assist individuals in participating in their medical care?
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What does Orem define as the role of nursing?
What does Orem define as the role of nursing?
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List three of the eight universal self-care requisites identified by Orem.
List three of the eight universal self-care requisites identified by Orem.
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Why is it important to maintain a balance between activity and rest according to Orem?
Why is it important to maintain a balance between activity and rest according to Orem?
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What is meant by 'self-care agency' in Orem's framework?
What is meant by 'self-care agency' in Orem's framework?
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How does Orem's model address the prevention of hazards to human life?
How does Orem's model address the prevention of hazards to human life?
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Describe the importance of social interaction in Orem's self-care requisites.
Describe the importance of social interaction in Orem's self-care requisites.
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What role does the 'agent' play in Orem's nursing model?
What role does the 'agent' play in Orem's nursing model?
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Explain the need for promoting human functioning within social groups as stated by Orem.
Explain the need for promoting human functioning within social groups as stated by Orem.
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What are self-care requisites and who do they apply to?
What are self-care requisites and who do they apply to?
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Define therapeutic self-care demand in the context of health management.
Define therapeutic self-care demand in the context of health management.
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Explain the concept of self-care deficit.
Explain the concept of self-care deficit.
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What does nursing agency encompass?
What does nursing agency encompass?
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How do nursing systems relate to patient care?
How do nursing systems relate to patient care?
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What is the purpose of supportive-educational methods in nursing?
What is the purpose of supportive-educational methods in nursing?
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What is formative evaluation in the context of nursing?
What is formative evaluation in the context of nursing?
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How can nurses help clients with a self-care deficit?
How can nurses help clients with a self-care deficit?
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Study Notes
Theoretical Foundations in Nursing
- Concepts are building blocks of theories, representing phenomena of interest or abstractions of how people perceive objects.
- Defining the meaning of a word enhances understanding of phenomena.
- Characteristics of a good theory include:
- Correlating concepts to generate different perspectives.
- Logical structure
- Simplicity while being broad.
- Providing testable hypotheses for elaboration.
- Enriching general knowledge.
- Guidance for clinical practice.
- Consistency with other theories.
Components and Characteristics of a Theory
- Purpose: Explicitly stated or identifiable in the theory text.
- Concepts: Expressed in language.
- Definitions: Convey the meaning of concepts within the theory.
- Relationships: Systematic connections between concepts.
- Structure: Forms a whole based on interconnections.
- Assumptions: Underlying truths shaping concepts, definitions, purpose, relationships, and structure. May not be explicitly stated.
Nursing Theory
- Refers to related concepts derived from nursing models and other disciplines.
- Guides practice, education, and research.
- Nursing as an art relies on knowledge from past experiences.
- Nursing as a science applies tested knowledge in practice settings.
- Nursing education prepares students for professional practice.
Grand Nursing Theories
- Derived from philosophies, conceptual models, and other theories.
- Less specific than middle-range theories.
- Examples include Levine, Rogers, Orem, and King.
Middle-Range Theories
- Provide answers to specific nursing practice questions.
- Address the specifics of nursing situations.
- Example theories include Mercer, Reed, Mishel, and Barker.
Nursing Paradigms
- Key elements include:
- Person: The recipient of care (individuals, families, groups, communities).
- Health: The experience of wellness and well-being, often related to goal achievement, adaptation and resilience.
- Environment: Internal and external factors affecting the client (people, physical environment, significant others).
- Nursing: The actions and characteristics of the nurse responsible for client care.
Florence Nightingale's Environmental Theory
- Focuses on the importance of the environment for maintaining health.
- Nightingale emphasized cleanliness, fresh air, pure water, efficient drainage, and light as essential elements of a supportive environment.
Margaret Jean Watson's Theory of Caring
- Caring is central to nursing.
- Emphasizes the relationship between the nurse and the patient, and includes several "carative factors."
- Theory development included the use of a nursing process.
Patricia Benner's Theory of Novice to Expert
- Describes stages of skill acquisition in nursing practice, from novice to expert.
- Recognizes experience as crucial for expert-level practice.
- Focuses on the lived experiences of health, illness, and disease, and the patient.
Other Nursing Theories:
- Rogers: Focuses on the concepts of energy fields and patterning in the human-environment interaction as well as the interconnectedness
- Orem: Highlights the person’s ability to meet their own needs and focuses on the theory of self-care which has a primary emphasis on the person.
- Newman: The model of health focuses on the person as an evolving pattern of consciousness, moving from well-being toward illness or vice versa. Health is viewed as an ongoing, expanding process.
- King: The goal-attainment emphasizes the nurse-client interactions, interpersonal process, and the shared creation and attainment of goals which is important for establishing patient goals and understanding the influence of their actions.
Implementation and Evaluation
- Various factors must be considered for implementation and evaluation of nursing care, including the patient, family or community, and the environment.
Virginia Henderson
- The theory includes the concept of 14 basic needs. This is the most widely known aspect of her theory, though there are other factors to consider as well.
Other Nursing Theories
- Parse: Focuses on the concept of "Human Becoming."
- Peplau: Emphasizes interpersonal relationships and the therapeutic process between the nurse and patient, as well as the various roles of the nurse in the care process.
- Newman: Health as consciousness in interaction, which is fluid, moving between wellness and non-wellness.
- Hildegard Peplau: Emphasizes the nurse-patient relationship.
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Explore the fundamental concepts and characteristics of nursing theories in this quiz. Understand how these theories shape clinical practice and enrich knowledge within the nursing field. Test your grasp of the essential components that contribute to robust nursing theories.