Podcast
Questions and Answers
According to the teachings, what two tasks were given to humans in relation to God's view of work?
According to the teachings, what two tasks were given to humans in relation to God's view of work?
- To create and destroy.
- To farm and harvest.
- To rule and serve. (correct)
- To preach and evangelize.
How does the Bible portray the governance of God in the marketplace, aligning with human actions?
How does the Bible portray the governance of God in the marketplace, aligning with human actions?
- Human actions are fully accountable under God’s sovereign rule. (correct)
- Human choices are independent of God, creating their own natural laws.
- God’s government operates separately from the human actions.
- God's sovereignty is diminished by human choices in the marketplace.
What implications arise from the concept that God redeems the marketplace?
What implications arise from the concept that God redeems the marketplace?
- The marketplace is beyond redemption.
- Followers of God do not affect business.
- Activities in the marketplace are ethically neutral.
- Followers of God should try to make the marketplace a place that reflects God. (correct)
How might Christians display their distinctiveness in the public square?
How might Christians display their distinctiveness in the public square?
Paul equates covetousness with idolatry, linking idols of career, status, and success to what?
Paul equates covetousness with idolatry, linking idols of career, status, and success to what?
According to the material, how should Christians respond to the suffering that comes from standing up for their beliefs in the public square?
According to the material, how should Christians respond to the suffering that comes from standing up for their beliefs in the public square?
According to Wright, how can pastors support church members to integrate faith?
According to Wright, how can pastors support church members to integrate faith?
What is the significance of the non-Jewish women, Rahab and Ruth, in the genealogy of Jesus?
What is the significance of the non-Jewish women, Rahab and Ruth, in the genealogy of Jesus?
What is meant by the 'apostolic function'?
What is meant by the 'apostolic function'?
How did Luke emphasize that the gospel of Christ became available to all nations in the Book of Acts?
How did Luke emphasize that the gospel of Christ became available to all nations in the Book of Acts?
According to the text in Acts, what are the results of being 'spirit-empowered'?
According to the text in Acts, what are the results of being 'spirit-empowered'?
What key concept was Luke trying to convey with the story of Cornelius’s conversion in Acts 10:44-47?
What key concept was Luke trying to convey with the story of Cornelius’s conversion in Acts 10:44-47?
How have missionaries unintentionally perpetuated colonialism?
How have missionaries unintentionally perpetuated colonialism?
What shift does McGavran’s “people group perspective” introduce to mission strategy?
What shift does McGavran’s “people group perspective” introduce to mission strategy?
How does the E-Scale and P-Scale impact a missionary's mission?
How does the E-Scale and P-Scale impact a missionary's mission?
According to Genesis 1-2, God's view of work is one of apathy and disinterest, assigning tasks arbitrarily without purpose.
According to Genesis 1-2, God's view of work is one of apathy and disinterest, assigning tasks arbitrarily without purpose.
According to Amos, God is less interested in the actions within the marketplace than in the sacrifices made at the sanctuary.
According to Amos, God is less interested in the actions within the marketplace than in the sacrifices made at the sanctuary.
According to the Bible, events in the marketplace are independent of God's sovereign government, relying solely on market forces or laws.
According to the Bible, events in the marketplace are independent of God's sovereign government, relying solely on market forces or laws.
According to 1 Corinthians, covetousness is unrelated to idolatry, and does not stand as one of the dominant gods of the public square
According to 1 Corinthians, covetousness is unrelated to idolatry, and does not stand as one of the dominant gods of the public square
According to Wright, missional prayer does not involve any kind of warfare, and its main purpose is to thank God for the good things happening in our lives.
According to Wright, missional prayer does not involve any kind of warfare, and its main purpose is to thank God for the good things happening in our lives.
The role of a pastor involves going to church on Sundays to support the congregation in their calling to ministry and mission in the world.
The role of a pastor involves going to church on Sundays to support the congregation in their calling to ministry and mission in the world.
It is the mission of God's people to live with the constant tension of constructive engagement but not courageous confrontation.
It is the mission of God's people to live with the constant tension of constructive engagement but not courageous confrontation.
The final vision of the whole Bible is of our escaping from the world to some ethereal paradise, instead of God coming down to live with us once again in a purged and restored creation.
The final vision of the whole Bible is of our escaping from the world to some ethereal paradise, instead of God coming down to live with us once again in a purged and restored creation.
Jesus' ministry extended only to Jewish Communities and there is no evidence of Jesus interacting with the Gentiles.
Jesus' ministry extended only to Jewish Communities and there is no evidence of Jesus interacting with the Gentiles.
In Matthew's genealogy of Joseph, there are no non-Jewish gentile women.
In Matthew's genealogy of Joseph, there are no non-Jewish gentile women.
The apostolic function, as defined in the text, is the task of discrediting the gospel in places where it has already been preached, to reinforce the existing cultural narratives.
The apostolic function, as defined in the text, is the task of discrediting the gospel in places where it has already been preached, to reinforce the existing cultural narratives.
Pentecost is only relevant as a historical event, with no continuing impact on the church today, and is not tied to the ministry of Jesus continuing to today.
Pentecost is only relevant as a historical event, with no continuing impact on the church today, and is not tied to the ministry of Jesus continuing to today.
God is not concerned with people in the world who are not part of the Jewish or Christian faith.
God is not concerned with people in the world who are not part of the Jewish or Christian faith.
According to the teachings highlighted in the text from the book of Acts, the Holy Spirit primarily empowers believers for personal enrichment, not for outward witness and mission.
According to the teachings highlighted in the text from the book of Acts, the Holy Spirit primarily empowers believers for personal enrichment, not for outward witness and mission.
According to The Committee on the Relations of Commerce and Diplomacy to Missions, there is no reason for anyone to think that we have wronged China.
According to The Committee on the Relations of Commerce and Diplomacy to Missions, there is no reason for anyone to think that we have wronged China.
Match each description with the corresponding concept from the theology of mission:
Match each description with the corresponding concept from the theology of mission:
Match each term with its correct description regarding missional confrontation in the public square:
Match each term with its correct description regarding missional confrontation in the public square:
Match each phrase with the correct category of missional prayer as described by Wright:
Match each phrase with the correct category of missional prayer as described by Wright:
Match the following roles with the challenges pastors face in mobilizing church members for service:
Match the following roles with the challenges pastors face in mobilizing church members for service:
Match each term with its description relating to biblical examples of Jesus's concern for the Gentiles:
Match each term with its description relating to biblical examples of Jesus's concern for the Gentiles:
What best describes the Apostolic Function?
What best describes the Apostolic Function?
Match each description to the correct significance of Pentecost within the redemptive plan of God:
Match each description to the correct significance of Pentecost within the redemptive plan of God:
Match the text to what Luke uses the empowerment witness to demonstrate:
Match the text to what Luke uses the empowerment witness to demonstrate:
Match the text from Acts with the unique new understanding Luke communicates by including them:
Match the text from Acts with the unique new understanding Luke communicates by including them:
Match the following descriptions with their respective terms regarding redemptive actions:
Match the following descriptions with their respective terms regarding redemptive actions:
Match the following with either modality or sodality:
Match the following with either modality or sodality:
Match each description with the correct missionary era in the modern missionary movement:
Match each description with the correct missionary era in the modern missionary movement:
Match each description with Stiller's view on the expansion of Christianity, whether The Age of the Spirit, The Holiness Movement, and The Keswick Movement
Match each description with Stiller's view on the expansion of Christianity, whether The Age of the Spirit, The Holiness Movement, and The Keswick Movement
Match these observations with what prompted Dr. Ivan to make them:
Match these observations with what prompted Dr. Ivan to make them:
Match these descriptions to what they represent on the E-Scale:
Match these descriptions to what they represent on the E-Scale:
According to Genesis 1-2, what task was given to humanity?
According to Genesis 1-2, what task was given to humanity?
What does the Old Testament reveal about God's role as a judge?
What does the Old Testament reveal about God's role as a judge?
In Amos 5:12-15, what is God more interested in?
In Amos 5:12-15, what is God more interested in?
What perspective does the Bible offer on events within the marketplace?
What perspective does the Bible offer on events within the marketplace?
According to Isaiah 65:17-25, what will the new creation entail?
According to Isaiah 65:17-25, what will the new creation entail?
In missional confrontation, what does it mean to be 'called to be different'?
In missional confrontation, what does it mean to be 'called to be different'?
According to the material, what is the first crucial missional task?
According to the material, what is the first crucial missional task?
What is essential to Christian mission in the public arena?
What is essential to Christian mission in the public arena?
What should be the attitude, role, and mission of God's people in the public sphere?
What should be the attitude, role, and mission of God's people in the public sphere?
The Samaritan woman is an example of what?
The Samaritan woman is an example of what?
According to Acts 1:8, what empowers the Church?
According to Acts 1:8, what empowers the Church?
What is the purpose of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost?
What is the purpose of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost?
What should pastors do to mobilize their congregation for service?
What should pastors do to mobilize their congregation for service?
What did Luke wish for his readers to learn?
What did Luke wish for his readers to learn?
What are examples Luke uses for his Empowerment-Witness motif?
What are examples Luke uses for his Empowerment-Witness motif?
What is the two of the meaning of gentiles being empowered by the Holy Spirit?
What is the two of the meaning of gentiles being empowered by the Holy Spirit?
According to Voluntary Coming, who interacts with the Christianity?
According to Voluntary Coming, who interacts with the Christianity?
What does Robert Woodberry counter that missionaries opposed?
What does Robert Woodberry counter that missionaries opposed?
Who does the First Era of Missions correspond to?
Who does the First Era of Missions correspond to?
Where does the text state most Christians live?
Where does the text state most Christians live?
According to Genesis 1-2, work became part of human life only after the fall.
According to Genesis 1-2, work became part of human life only after the fall.
According to the Old Testament, God is not concerned with justice in the marketplace.
According to the Old Testament, God is not concerned with justice in the marketplace.
According to the Bible, events in the marketplace are outside the realm of God's sovereign government.
According to the Bible, events in the marketplace are outside the realm of God's sovereign government.
According to Isaiah 19:1-15, the whole of Egypt is under God's judgment.
According to Isaiah 19:1-15, the whole of Egypt is under God's judgment.
According to the content, God plans to only redeem a small portion of His creation.
According to the content, God plans to only redeem a small portion of His creation.
Missional confrontation in the public square includes being different and resisting idolatry.
Missional confrontation in the public square includes being different and resisting idolatry.
Moral integrity is unnecessary for Christian mission in the public arena.
Moral integrity is unnecessary for Christian mission in the public arena.
According to Ephesians 6:12, our primary struggle is against flesh and blood.
According to Ephesians 6:12, our primary struggle is against flesh and blood.
According to the content, pastors should challenge church members to focus all their ministry efforts inside the church walls.
According to the content, pastors should challenge church members to focus all their ministry efforts inside the church walls.
According to Mark 16:15-16, the commission to share the Gospel is limited to a select group of people.
According to Mark 16:15-16, the commission to share the Gospel is limited to a select group of people.
According to the content, the genealogy of Jesus in Matthew includes only Jewish people.
According to the content, the genealogy of Jesus in Matthew includes only Jewish people.
The 'task of preaching the Gospel where it has not been heard' is referred to as the 'apostolic function'.
The 'task of preaching the Gospel where it has not been heard' is referred to as the 'apostolic function'.
According to the content Pentecost has little to do with God's mission of redemption.
According to the content Pentecost has little to do with God's mission of redemption.
According to Luke's writing, the theological intent of Acts is to portray the 'doings' but not the 'teachings' of Jesus and the early church.
According to Luke's writing, the theological intent of Acts is to portray the 'doings' but not the 'teachings' of Jesus and the early church.
According to the content what two things can Gentiles do in relation to the Gospel?
According to the content what two things can Gentiles do in relation to the Gospel?
William Carey is associated with the Third Era of modern missions.
William Carey is associated with the Third Era of modern missions.
According to to the content, the First Era of mission focuses on inner regions.
According to to the content, the First Era of mission focuses on inner regions.
Acccording to the content, global Christianity is decreasing in the present day.
Acccording to the content, global Christianity is decreasing in the present day.
The 10/40 Window is an additional term referring to the geographical location where the majority of Unreached People Groups exists in North Africa, Middle East, Asia (The Resistant Belt).
The 10/40 Window is an additional term referring to the geographical location where the majority of Unreached People Groups exists in North Africa, Middle East, Asia (The Resistant Belt).
According to the content, Stiller's description of the principal drivers of the expansion of Christianity in the 20th century and up until the present does not include Sanctification.
According to the content, Stiller's description of the principal drivers of the expansion of Christianity in the 20th century and up until the present does not include Sanctification.
Match the following roles with God's actions in the public square, according to the text:
Match the following roles with God's actions in the public square, according to the text:
Match each description with the appropriate dimension of missional confrontation in the public square:
Match each description with the appropriate dimension of missional confrontation in the public square:
Match the following actions of Jesus with the appropriate people group:
Match the following actions of Jesus with the appropriate people group:
Match the following key points with their relevant concept in Acts:
Match the following key points with their relevant concept in Acts:
Match each type of mission with its description.
Match each type of mission with its description.
Match each structure for God's redemptive plan with its focus:
Match each structure for God's redemptive plan with its focus:
Match the era of missions with the key individual associated with it.
Match the era of missions with the key individual associated with it.
Match the definition with the scale used to measure cultural distance:
Match the definition with the scale used to measure cultural distance:
Match the following cultural observations with the appropriate event:
Match the following cultural observations with the appropriate event:
Match the definition with the type of people group:
Match the definition with the type of people group:
Match Stiller's description of primary drivers that occurred in the 20th.
Match Stiller's description of primary drivers that occurred in the 20th.
Match the phase with the number relating to the task.
Match the phase with the number relating to the task.
Match the accusations with the correct point that Woodberry argues.
Match the accusations with the correct point that Woodberry argues.
Match the four structures with the correct mission.
Match the four structures with the correct mission.
Match the correct word associated with the point of view.
Match the correct word associated with the point of view.
Match all four corners of the world with the correct region in christianity.
Match all four corners of the world with the correct region in christianity.
Which description describes the 10/40 Window correctly?
Which description describes the 10/40 Window correctly?
Match the following description with the point it describes
Match the following description with the point it describes
Why are the 4 structures so important to the missionaries of today.
Why are the 4 structures so important to the missionaries of today.
What makes a good quality missionary?
What makes a good quality missionary?
Flashcards
God's View of Work
God's View of Work
Work is God's idea, involving thinking, choosing, planning, executing, and evaluating, laid on humans for ruling and keeping.
God's Role as Judge
God's Role as Judge
God independently judges the public square, calling for justice and evaluating actions.
God's Governance in Marketplace
God's Governance in Marketplace
Marketplace governance involves human action and responsibility under God's sovereign government.
Idolatry in Public Square
Idolatry in Public Square
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Ways of Missional Prayer
Ways of Missional Prayer
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Mission in daily life
Mission in daily life
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Apostolic Function
Apostolic Function
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Empowerment-Witness Motif
Empowerment-Witness Motif
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Caesarean Outpouring
Caesarean Outpouring
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People Group
People Group
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Missionaries Independent from State control Refutes Colonialism
Missionaries Independent from State control Refutes Colonialism
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10/40 Window
10/40 Window
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Three phase of responding to command of all nations
Three phase of responding to command of all nations
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Work in God's View
Work in God's View
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Called to be different
Called to be different
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The Biblical Picture
The Biblical Picture
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Challenges for Pastors
Challenges for Pastors
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Significance of Pentecost
Significance of Pentecost
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Outpouring Locale
Outpouring Locale
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Modality Structure
Modality Structure
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Sodality Structure
Sodality Structure
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Redemptive Structures
Redemptive Structures
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First Mission Era
First Mission Era
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Third Mission Era
Third Mission Era
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God as Divine Auditor
God as Divine Auditor
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God's Redemption
God's Redemption
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The Picture of Redemption
The Picture of Redemption
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Attitude in Public Sphere
Attitude in Public Sphere
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Suffering in Warfare
Suffering in Warfare
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Missionaries Efforts.
Missionaries Efforts.
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Growing Regions in the World.
Growing Regions in the World.
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New Voices from India
New Voices from India
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E Scale & P Scale
E Scale & P Scale
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Reaching People Group
Reaching People Group
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YHWH in the Public Square
YHWH in the Public Square
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Public Square Vision
Public Square Vision
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Moral Integrity
Moral Integrity
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Reached People Group (RPG)
Reached People Group (RPG)
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Finishing Task Nations
Finishing Task Nations
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Jesus and Gentiles
Jesus and Gentiles
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Visible Witness
Visible Witness
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Doing all in Ministry
Doing all in Ministry
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In The World for Christ
In The World for Christ
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God laid on humans beings
God laid on humans beings
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God's plan for the public square
God's plan for the public square
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Connection to Idolatry
Connection to Idolatry
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Positive Impact by Missionaries
Positive Impact by Missionaries
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Regional Growth Today
Regional Growth Today
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Unreached People Group (UPG)
Unreached People Group (UPG)
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Role of Churches
Role of Churches
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Justice in the Gate
Justice in the Gate
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The Bible Mentality
The Bible Mentality
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Heaven rules
Heaven rules
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Affirming Both Sides
Affirming Both Sides
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Activity in Marketplace
Activity in Marketplace
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Faithful Workplace
Faithful Workplace
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Bearing Witness to God
Bearing Witness to God
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Task of Gospel
Task of Gospel
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Study Notes
- Exam 2 covers Weeks 4-5, including some Week 3 content from the Theology of Mission Study Guide.
- Exam format includes multiple choice, true/false, and matching questions.
God and the Public Square (Chapter 13 of Chris Wright)
- Wright argues against separating spiritual life from the public square.
- God cares about the public square.
God and Work
- Work comes from God, as shown in Genesis 1-2.
- God is portrayed as a worker who thinks, chooses, plans, executes, and evaluates.
- Humans were tasked with ruling (Gen 1) and serving/keeping (Gen 2).
- Work is essential to human nature from the start, not just a consequence of the curse; this is called the Cultural Mandate.
God's Auditing Role
- God serves as the independent judge in the public sphere.
- Old Testament references portray YHWH seeing, knowing, and evaluating actions (Ps 33:13-15).
- Israel was reminded to uphold justice in public spaces.
- God values activity "in the gate" more than religious sanctuaries (Amos 5:12-15).
- God listens to the intentions of corrupt people (Amos 8:4-7).
- God watches what goes on in public (Jer 7:9-11).
- Samuel calls God as his witness (1 Sam 12:1-5).
God's Governance
- It can be easy to think market forces or political actions are independent of God but everything in the marketplace falls under human action, choice, and responsibility, which in turn, falls under God's sovereign government.
- The Bible balances human choice with God's ultimate control.
- Illustration: Joseph's story in Genesis 50:19-20 shows how God's plan can use human intentions for good.
- Isaiah 19:1-15 states God's judgment covers all of Egypt, including religion, irrigation, agriculture, and politics.
- Ezekiel 26-28/29-32 and Daniel 4:30 mention God's focus on the economic and political power of marketplaces. Nebuchadnezzer needed to learn that God governs everything.
- God's verdict is that oppressing the poor and making money is not ok (Dan 4:26, 32); He is a sovereign governing all. "Heaven rules … the Most High is sovereign over the kingdoms of men and gives them to anyone he wishes".
Redemption
- God intends to redeem all creation due to compassion (Ps 145:9).
- This includes redeeming creation through the cultural mandate.
- OT and NT vision = redemption and restoration of creation, not obliteration or replacement.
- God purges and redeems the public square instead of destroying it.
- Isaiah 65:17-25 illustrates the new creation with new heavens and earth.
- Revelation 21:24-27, builds on Isaiah 60 and tells a vision of God living with humanity in a restored creation, with civilization's achievements brought into God's city.
God's People
- People should engage constructively because God loves and values the world.
- People should also confront the world because it is in rebellion and faces God's judgment.
- Challenge = to live with both constructive engagement & courageous confrontation
Missional Confrontation in the Public Square
- Called to be different/holy
- Differing from cultures is important, like Israel differing from Egypt/Canaan (Lev. 18:3 - 5 & 19)
- Jesus says that the church should be salt and light (Matt 5:13-16)
- Integrity is key to Christian mission; there is no separation between public and private life.
- Called to resist idolatry, which begins with recognizing the world was created by one transcendent God, not seductive gods that crowd the public arena.
- Examples:
- Paul equates greed with idolatry.
- Idols include career, status, success, ethnic superiority, national pride, and individual freedom.
- Examples:
- Called to suffer as warfare causes suffering and the Bible tells of many people suffering.
- Jesus states we will suffer and to rejoice about it (Matt. 5:11-12).
- The apostles rejoiced and continued to witness (Acts 5:40 – 42).
- Paul delights in weaknesses, insults, hardships, persecutions, and difficulties (2 Corinthians 11-12).
- Three points regarding suffering
- No surprise (4:12)
- No retaliation (2:21 – 22)
- no giving up (3:13 17; 4:19)
Missional Prayer
- Prayer distinguishes us from other nations
- Prayer blesses other nations
- Prayer subverts idolatry
- Prayer supports mission work
- Prayer in spiritual warfare
Mobilizing Churches
- Pastors must challenge their churches' members to serve.
- Pastors should support people in their ministry as their mission is outside the church in the world.
- Challenges for pastors:
- Mobilizing, training, and supporting members for mission as part of their daily lives.
- Helping Christians understand the world and their work in it.
- Teaching responsible citizenship.
- Encouraging believers to improve their communities.
- Building a biblical worldview.
- Helping Christians handle ethical issues with integrity and courage.
- Caring for those facing conflicts.
Jesus and Gentiles
- Jesus showed concerns for the Gentiles.
- Examples
- The Samaritan woman (John 4)
- The Centurion's servant (Luke 7)
- The commission was reinforced (Mark 16:15-16, Luke 25:46-40, Matt 28:18-30, Acts 1:8)
Task to All Nations
- Matthew 24:14 and 28:19-20 as well as John 20:19-22, 30-31 and Acts 1:6-8 tell the task to all nations.
- God wants all people to be redeemed proven by the presence of non-Jewish women (Rahab and Ruth) in Jesus' genealogy
Apostolic Function
- Preaching the Gospel where it is unheard, planting churches, and leading people to faith so they express Jesus in their world and participate in God's mission.
Pentecost
- God's mission continues through the Spirit at Pentecost, empowering the Church to proclaim the good news of Jesus (Acts 1:8)
- Pentecost guarantees Jesus' ministry continues today.
- The mission of the Church depends on witnessing to Christ's ministry through the Holy Spirit.
- Pentecost is a critical redemptive historic event
- Christ's missional intent is best seen in His life.
Theological Intent of Acts
- Luke wrote so that his readers might know the "exact truth about the things they had been taught (Luke 1:4) and to emphasize, not only the "doings," but also the "teachings" of Jesus and the early church (Acts 1:1).
Empowerment-Witness
- Holy Spirit empowers to be Witness of Gospel of Jesus Christ which can be seen in the following:
- Initial Jerusalem Outpouring (Acts 2:1-4)
- Spirit-empowered witness (vv. 5-36).
- Great harvest of souls (vv. 37-41).
- Dynamic prophetic community (vv. 42-46).
- Vigorous ongoing witness (v. 47).
- Illustrated empowerment-witness motif introduced in Acts 1:8.
- Second Jerusalem Outpouring (Acts 4:31)
- Immediate and powerful witness
- Luke's empowerment-witness motif
- Samaritan Outpouring (Acts 8:14-17)
- Church was scattered for persecution.
- Apostles sent Peter and John to pray with believers and they received the Holy Spirit.
- Another center of missionary outreach was born, and the gospel spread.
- Damascus Outpouring (Acts 9:15-17)
- Saul of Tarsus was filled with the Spirit (9:17-18).
- He proclaimed Jesus in Damascus.
- Initial Jerusalem Outpouring (Acts 2:1-4)
Caesarean Outpouring
- Acts 10:44-47 shows that the door of salvation had been opened to the Gentiles.
- Newly birthed Caesarean church was empowered to witness.
- Two-fold message:
- Gentiles can experience the gospel.
- Gentiles can be part of God’s mission.
Antiochian Outpouring
- Acts 13:1-4 = Paul and Barnabas' first missionary journey.
- The Spirit had a role in empowering and directing the missionary enterprise of the early church.
Ephesian Outpouring
- Acts 19:1-7 showed that the Ephesian church was empowered to witness
- Gospel spread quickly
Four Redemptive Structures for Mission
- Voluntary Going
- Abraham to Canaan (Genesis 12:1)
- Peter to Cornelius (Acts 10)
- St Patrick to Ireland
- William Carey to India
- Involuntary Going
- Joseph's journey to Egypt (Gen. 38-50)
- Jonah to Nineveh (Jonah 1-4)
- Persecution of disciples (Acts 8:1)
- Christian Roman soldiers sent to England and Spain
- Christian captives of Vikings evangelize Vikings
- Filipino contract workers to Muslim world
- Voluntary Coming
- Naaman comes to Elisha (II Kings 5)
- Ruth chooses to go to Judah from Moab
- Ethiopian eunuch (Acts 8)
- Barbarians invade Rome interact with Christianity
- International students exposed to Christianity
- Contracted Christian professionals to non-Christian world
- Involuntary Coming
- Gentiles part of rebuilding of Jerusalem (Nehemiah)
- Roman soldiers to "Israel" (Acts 10)
- America's history of African slaves
- Refugees to developed countries
Structures
- Two structures for God's redemptive plan:
- Modality and Sodality.
- Modality: inclusive, nurture oriented, fellowship focused (family, synagogue, church).
- Focuses on building up and nurturing (Eph 4)
- Sodality is mission focused (rabbinical missional initiatives, apostolic bands, monastic orders, mission societies).
- There is a second decision to be mission focused to establish churches.
- In Acts 13 a church in Antioch has a prayer meeting that hears from God to gather and set apart Paul and Barnabas to establish churches and leave.
Mission Eras
- Three modern eras of missions.
- First era personified by William Carey
- A response to hyper-Reformed theology and the rejection of monastic orders.
- Pamphlet written called "An Enquiry into the Obligation of Christians to use Means for the Conversion of Heathen"
- A biblical mandate and an acknowledgement of accessible information
- First focused on coastal areas, and independent efforts that denominations assume
- Second Era personified by J Hudson Taylor:
- Focused on inland/interior regions, created faith mission, Saw rise of single woman missionaries, Saw the Student Volunteer Movement.
- Third Era has a geographical focus and is personified by Cam Townsend and Ralph Winter:
- Questions on how people come to Christ (individually, or on movement), No longer Western and has bridges of God.
Asia
- Earliest Christianity in Asia occurred as early as the 7th century with Nestorian Christian missionaries traveling the Silk Road.
- By era before 1000 AD, there are fragments of psalters and lectionaries.
- Gaining Christianity
- Franciscan Italian priests as early as 1254
- Jesuit priests gained the first solid foothold Matteo Ricci in 16th century
- Portuguese missionaries in Japan in 17th century (film is Silence)
- First missions were led by Robert Morrison in 1807 who translated the Bible in Mandarin.
Drivers of the Expansion of Christianity
- The Age of the Spirit → Power of God has come
- The Holiness movement → Ways people live their life
- Sanctification
- Keswick movement
- Focus on subsequent spiritual experiences connected to focused and empowered service
India
- A presentation in class suggested a new voice from India (Dr Ivan Satyavrata)
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- Massive human migration
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- The deterritorialization of culture
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- Culture shock and religion quake
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- Youth and Old cultures. Secular and Traditions.
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- The shifting center of Christianity
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- The rise of global poverty as a threat to human life
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- Political resistance to traditional missionary activity
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- The explosion of information and technology
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The E Scale and P Scale
- E Scale - the cultural distance between the evangelist and the potential hearers
- P Scale - cultural distance between potential converts and the church attempting to reach them
- A missionary is one who is doing E2-E3 evangelism (culturally different from the context they come from)
- Not all evangelists are missionaries
Cross culture
- Regular missions
- Frontier missions
People group
- The largest group within which the gospel can spread without encountering barriers of acceptance or understanding
Group Types
- Unreached people group (UPG)
- Reached people group
Major Cultural Blocks
- Muslims, Hindu, Buddhist Ethno-religious
- Non-religious
- Affinity blocks
- Ethnolinguistic peoples
- Sociopeoples
Woodberry refute
- Missionaries were independent from state control and moderated negative effects of colonialism
- Missionaries countered racial superiority of whites
- Missionaries countered the “science” of racism
- Literacy efforts led to inevitable democratic movements
- Missionaries were at the forefront of abolition movements in England
- Missionaries opposed cultural customs they considered immoral
- Missionaries opposed colonial practices
- "We have to reckon with divine judgment if we neglect this matter. We have wronged China as I believe no nation ever wronged another. “
Facts
- Global Christianity continues to grow and will surpass 3 billion by 2050
- Africa and Asia are the fastest-growing areas
- Today most Christians live in diverse nations.
- The number of today in the world expanded in the 20th century to 4.2 million today
- A high percentage of the world still has no access to the Gospel
- 736 languages have an entire Bible; and 1658 languages have a NT.
- The geographic location where UPGs exist is in North Africa, Middle East, Asia (The Resistant Belt)
Responding to the Command to Make Disciples of All Nations
- Phase One - Reaching Unreached People
- Phase Two - Evangelizing Reached People
- Phase Three - Christ followers demonstrating lives what the Kingdom looks like
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