The Wrist Complex: Functions and Movements
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the distal radioulnar joint?

  • To control multi-articular muscles of the hand
  • To provide 2 degrees of freedom to the wrist complex
  • To adjust the grip of the hand
  • To facilitate forearm pronosupination (correct)

Which of the following bones are part of the proximal carpal row?

  • Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum (correct)
  • Pisiform, Hamate, Capitate
  • Radius, Ulna, Radius
  • Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate

What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint?

  • Plane synovial joint
  • Bicondylar joint
  • Pivot joint
  • Ellipsoid joint (correct)

What is the function of the pisiform bone?

<p>To enhance the power of the flexor carpi ulnaris (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many degrees of freedom does the wrist complex have?

<p>2 degrees of freedom (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is the intercarpal/midcarpal joint?

<p>Compound joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the radiocarpal joint?

<p>To provide radial/ulnar deviation and flexion/extension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the concave rule applied to in the distal radioulnar joint?

<p>Radius (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of movement occurs during pronation in the distal radioulnar joint?

<p>Palmar rolling and gliding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the wrist complex?

<p>To control multi-articular muscles of the hand and fine adjustment of the grip (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following movements occurs in the sagittal plane?

<p>Dorsal flexion (A), Palmar flexion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of motion for ulnar/cubital deviation?

<p>35-40º (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In open kinematic chain, what is the direction of roll and glide in flexion?

<p>Roll anterior, glide posterior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following joints has a concave surface?

<p>Radiocarpal joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the convex rule in arthrokinematics?

<p>To state that roll and glide occur in opposite directions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which movement occurs in the frontal plane?

<p>Radial deviation (C), Ulnar deviation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between open kinematic chain and osteokinematics?

<p>Open kinematic chain is related to joint movement, while osteokinematics is related to bone movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of stability is provided by the capsule in the wrist?

<p>Static stability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of motion for palmar flexion?

<p>85º (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following compartments contains the capitate and hamate bones?

<p>Medial compartment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the synovial membrane in the wrist joint?

<p>To produce synovial fluid to reduce friction between the articulating structures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable feature of the ligaments of the wrist?

<p>None of them are truly extracapsular (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)?

<p>On the medial aspect of the wrist region (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the scapholunate ligament?

<p>To connect the scaphoid bone to the lunate bone in the wrist (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be a result of an untreated scapholunate ligament injury?

<p>Chronic wrist problems such as arthritis or carpal instability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of movements are facilitated by the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)?

<p>Complex movements at the wrist joint (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the ligaments in the wrist joint?

<p>To stabilize the wrist joint (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the radial and ulnar collateral ligaments?

<p>To stabilize the radiocarpal joint (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an injury to the scapholunate ligament?

<p>Instability of the wrist joint (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is the primary function of the distal radioulnar joint?

The distal radioulnar joint's primary function is to allow the forearm to rotate, enabling movements like turning a doorknob.

Which bones make up the proximal carpal row?

The scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum bones form the proximal row of carpal bones in the wrist.

What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint?

The radiocarpal joint, where the radius meets the carpal bones, is a type of joint that allows for movement in two directions.

What is the function of the pisiform bone?

The pisiform bone, located on the ulnar side of the wrist, acts as an anchor point, increasing the power of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle.

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How many degrees of freedom does the wrist complex have?

The wrist complex has two degrees of freedom, meaning it can move in two planes: flexion-extension and radial-ulnar deviation.

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What type of joint is the intercarpal/midcarpal joint?

The intercarpal/midcarpal joint, situated between the carpal bones, is a complex type of joint made up of multiple smaller joints.

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What is the function of the radiocarpal joint?

The radiocarpal joint allows for the wrist to move in two directions: side-to-side (radial/ulnar deviation) and up and down (flexion/extension).

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What is the concave rule applied to in the distal radioulnar joint?

In the distal radioulnar joint, the radius, the bone on the thumb side of the forearm, is the concave surface.

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What type of movement occurs during pronation in the distal radioulnar joint?

When you rotate your forearm inwards (pronation), the radius rolls and slides on the ulna in a palmar direction.

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What is the function of the wrist complex?

The wrist complex plays a crucial role in hand function, controlling the muscles that move the fingers and allowing for precise gripping.

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Which of the following movements occurs in the sagittal plane?

Dorsal flexion, moving the hand upwards towards the back of the forearm, occurs in the sagittal plane, which divides the body into left and right halves.

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What is the range of motion for ulnar/cubital deviation?

The range of motion for ulnar/cubital deviation, moving the hand towards the pinky finger, is between 35 and 40 degrees.

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In open kinematic chain, what is the direction of roll and glide in flexion?

In an open kinematic chain, during flexion, the joint surface rolls forward (anterior) and glides backward (posterior).

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Which of the following joints has a concave surface?

The radiocarpal joint, where the radius connects to the carpal bones, has a concave surface, meaning it's curved inwards like a cup.

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What is the purpose of the convex rule in arthrokinematics?

The convex rule states that during joint movement, the convex joint surface rolls and glides in opposite directions.

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Which movement occurs in the frontal plane?

Radial deviation, moving the hand towards the thumb side, happens in the frontal plane, which divides the body into front and back halves.

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What is the main difference between open kinematic chain and osteokinematics?

Open kinematic chain describes joint movement, while osteokinematics focuses on the movement of bones.

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What type of stability is provided by the capsule in the wrist?

The capsule surrounding the wrist joint provides static stability, meaning it helps to keep the joint from moving too much.

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What is the range of motion for palmar flexion?

The wrist can flex (bend downwards) up to 85 degrees.

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Which of the following compartments contains the capitate and hamate bones?

The capitate and hamate bones, two of the carpal bones, are found in the medial compartment of the wrist, which is on the pinky finger side.

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What is the function of the synovial membrane in the wrist joint?

The synovial membrane lines the wrist joint and produces synovial fluid, which acts like a lubricant, reducing friction between the moving surfaces.

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What is a notable feature of the ligaments of the wrist?

Ligaments in the wrist are tightly attached to the joint capsule, making them intracapsular, rather than separate from it.

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What is the function of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)?

The triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) acts as a shock absorber, stabilizes the wrist joint, and helps with complex movements.

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What is the location of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)?

The triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) is located on the medial aspect of the wrist, near the pinky finger side.

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What is the function of the scapholunate ligament?

The scapholunate ligament connects the scaphoid and lunate bones, two important bones in the carpal row.

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What can be a result of an untreated scapholunate ligament injury?

An untreated injury to the scapholunate ligament can lead to long-term wrist problems, such as arthritis or instability.

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What type of movements are facilitated by the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)?

The triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) allows for complex movements at the wrist joint, contributing to its overall flexibility and range of motion.

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What is the primary function of the ligaments in the wrist joint?

The primary function of ligaments in the wrist joint is to provide stability, preventing excessive movement and keeping the joint aligned.

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What is the purpose of the radial and ulnar collateral ligaments?

The radial and ulnar collateral ligaments act as side supports, stabilizing the radiocarpal joint, preventing it from moving too far sideways.

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What is the result of an injury to the scapholunate ligament?

A damaged scapholunate ligament leads to instability in the wrist joint, making it prone to dislocations and other complications.

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Study Notes

The Wrist Complex

  • Functions: control of multi-articular muscles of the hand and fine adjustment of grip
  • Degrees of freedom: 2 (radial/ulnar deviation, flexion/extension)

Joints of the Wrist Complex

  • Distal radioulnar joint: pivot joint with concave rule (radius moves)
  • Radiocarpal joint: ellipsoid joint with 2 axes, convex rule
  • Midcarpal/intecarpal joints: plane synovial joints that interconnect each carpal bone

Intercarpal-Midcarpal Joints

  • Compound joint with three or more articulation surfaces
  • Two single functional units: proximal row (scaphoid-lunate-triquetrum) and distal row (trapezium-trapezoid-capitate-hamate)

Wrist Osteokinematics

  • Movements:
    • Palmar flexion: 85° transversal plane
    • Dorsal flexion: 85° transversal plane
    • Ulnar/cubital deviation: 35-40° frontal plane
    • Radial deviation: 15° frontal plane

Wrist Arthrokinematics

  • Open kinetic chain:
    • Flexion/extension: roll anterior/gliding posterior
    • Radial/ulnar deviation: roll radial/gliding ulnar

Wrist Stability

  • Static stability: capsule, ligaments, and synovial membrane
  • Dynamic stability: palmar and dorsal musculature of the wrist

The Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex (TFCC)

  • Load-bearing structure that stabilizes radiocarpal and ulnocarpal joints
  • Prevents ulnocarpal abutment and facilitates complex wrist movements

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Related Documents

The Wrist Complex PDF

Description

Learn about the functions and movements of the wrist complex, including control of multi-articular muscles, fine adjustment of grip, and degrees of freedom. This quiz covers the principles of kinesitherapy.

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