Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the distal radioulnar joint?
What is the primary function of the distal radioulnar joint?
- Wrist flexion and extension
- Forearm pronosupination (correct)
- Wrist radial and ulnar deviation
- Forearm flexion and extension
What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint?
What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint?
- Pivot joint
- Ball-and-socket joint
- Ellipsoid joint (correct)
- Condyloid joint
Which of the following is NOT a function of the wrist complex?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the wrist complex?
- Control of multi-articular muscles of the hand
- Fine adjustment of the grip
- Wrist rotation
- Elbow flexion (correct)
What is the convex rule in wrist osteokinematics?
What is the convex rule in wrist osteokinematics?
During wrist flexion, what happens to the carpal bones?
During wrist flexion, what happens to the carpal bones?
Which joint has three or more articulation surfaces?
Which joint has three or more articulation surfaces?
What is the direction of gliding during radial deviation?
What is the direction of gliding during radial deviation?
What provides static stability to the wrist?
What provides static stability to the wrist?
During wrist extension, what happens to the carpal bones?
During wrist extension, what happens to the carpal bones?
What is the arthrokinematic component of pronation?
What is the arthrokinematic component of pronation?
What is the function of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) in the wrist joint?
What is the function of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) in the wrist joint?
What type of ligament is the scapholunate ligament?
What type of ligament is the scapholunate ligament?
What is the location of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) in the wrist region?
What is the location of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) in the wrist region?
What is the result of injuries to the scapholunate ligament?
What is the result of injuries to the scapholunate ligament?
What type of ligaments are the palmar and dorsal ligaments in the wrist?
What type of ligaments are the palmar and dorsal ligaments in the wrist?
What is the function of the palmar and dorsal musculature in the wrist?
What is the function of the palmar and dorsal musculature in the wrist?
What connects the scaphoid bone to the lunate bone in the wrist?
What connects the scaphoid bone to the lunate bone in the wrist?
What is the role of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) in the radiocarpal joint?
What is the role of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) in the radiocarpal joint?
What is the result of repetitive stress on the scapholunate ligament?
What is the result of repetitive stress on the scapholunate ligament?
What is the purpose of the intercarpal ligaments in the wrist?
What is the purpose of the intercarpal ligaments in the wrist?
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Study Notes
Wrist Complex Functions
- Controls multi-articular muscles of the hand
- Provides fine adjustment of grip
- Has 2 degrees of freedom: radial/ulnar deviation and flexion/extension
Wrist Complex Structure
- Consists of distal radio-ulnar joint, radiocarpal joint, and midcarpal articulation
Distal Radioulnar Joint
- Pivot joint
- Radius (concave) moves according to the concave rule
- Function: forearm pronosupination
- Arthrokinematic components:
- Pronation: palmar rolling and gliding
- Supination: dorsal rolling and gliding
Radiocarpal Joint
- Ellipsoid joint
- Proximally: radius and radioulnar disk (distal radius is concave)
- Distally: 3 bones in the proximal carpal row: scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum
Midcarpal/Intercarpal Joint
- Compound joint with three or more articulation surfaces
- Consists of two single functional units:
- Proximal row: scaphoid-lunate-triquetrum (mobile)
- Distal row: trapezium-trapezoid-capitate-hamate (immobile)
Wrist Osteokinematics
- Open kinematic chain
- Flexion/extension:
- Roll anterior and glide posterior
- Radiocarpal (red arrows)
- Midcarpal/intercarpal (white arrows)
- Radial/ulnar deviation:
- Radiocarpal (red arrows)
- Midcarpal/intercarpal (white arrows)
- Roll and glide occur in opposite directions
Wrist Arthrokinematics
- Convex rule
- Radiocarpal and midcarpal/intercarpal joints
Wrist Stability
- Static:
- Capsule attaches to radius, ulna, and proximal row of carpal bones
- Ligaments:
- Radiocarpal: palmar, dorsal, radial, and ulnar collateral ligaments
- Intercarpal: palmar and dorsal
- Triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)
- Dynamic:
- Palmar and dorsal musculature of the wrist
- Passive ligaments limit osteokinematics
Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex (TFCC)
- Load-bearing structure located on the medial aspect of the wrist region
- Functions as a major stabilizer of radiocarpal and ulnocarpal joints
- Facilitates complex movements at the wrist joint
- Passive ligament limits osteokinematics
Scapholunate Ligament
- Connects scaphoid bone to lunate bone
- Helps stabilize the two bones, maintaining alignment of carpal bones
- Injuries can occur due to falls, sudden impacts, or repetitive stress
- Can lead to instability of the wrist joint, resulting in pain, weakness, and limited range of motion
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