54 Questions
What is the primary function of the kidneys in regulating the volume and composition of body fluids?
Regulating the excretion of water and NaCl
What is the function of the internal urethral sphincter?
To control the flow of urine from the bladder to the urethra
What is the effect of increased blood volume on GFR?
It increases GFR
What is the name of the enzyme secreted by the kidneys that activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?
Renin
What is the fluid called that enters the capsular space after being filtered through the capillary walls?
Glomerular filtrate
Which hormone increases the reabsorption of calcium in the kidneys?
Parathyroid hormone
What is the function of the kidneys in regulating acid-base balance?
Excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
Nephron
Which ions does the urinary system regulate, among others?
Hydrogen, sodium, potassium, and chloride
What is the hormone released by the heart in response to atrial stretching that reduces glomerular filtration rate?
Atrial natriuretic peptide
What is the term for the artificial cleansing of the blood?
Dialysis
What is the name of the type of blood vessel that leads to the peritubular capillaries?
Efferent arteriole
What is the result of increased abdominal pressure on the urinary system?
Stress incontinence
What is the effect of an increase in blood pressure on glomerular filtration rate?
Increased GFR
What is the mechanism by which the body regulates glomerular filtration rate in response to changes in blood pressure?
Renal auto-regulation
What is the effect of sympathetic nervous system activation on glomerular filtration rate?
Decreased GFR
What is the effect of angiotensin II on GFR?
It decreases GFR by constricting the afferent arteriole
What percentage of resting cardiac output does the kidneys receive?
20-25%
What is the primary function of the scrotum?
To support the testes and regulate their temperature
What is the site of sperm production in the male reproductive system?
Testes
What is the function of the prostate gland?
To secrete fluid that supports sperm function
What is the term for the developing organism from fertilization to the end of 8 weeks?
Embryo
What is the term for the branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the female reproductive system?
Gynecology
What is the function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?
To temporarily store immature sperm
What is the main function of the fallopian tubes in the female reproductive system?
To receive the ovum and provide a site for fertilization
What is the inner layer of the uterus wall responsible for?
The site of implantation of the embryo
What is the purpose of Cooper's ligaments in the female breast?
To anchor skin to the deep CT
What hormones primarily increase mammary gland size at puberty?
Estrogens
What is the term for the synthesis and ejection of milk production in the mammary glands?
Lactation
What is the location of the uterus in the female reproductive system?
Between the bladder and the rectum
What is the function of the ductus deferens in the male reproductive system?
To transport sperm from the epididymis to the urethra
What is the site of testosterone production in the male reproductive system?
Testes
What is the purpose of the ligaments that hold the ovaries in place?
To hold the ovaries in place
What is the site of implantation of the fertilized egg in the uterus?
Endometrium
What is the function of the seminal vesicles in the male reproductive system?
To nourish sperm with seminal fluid
What primarily controls the production and ejection of milk in the mammary glands?
Oxytocin and prolactin
What is the function of the bulbourethral glands in the male reproductive system?
To secrete mucous to lubricate the urethra
What is the primary function of the scrotum in the male reproductive system?
To regulate the temperature of the testes
What is the location of the mammary glands in the female breast?
Superficial to the pectoralis major and serratus anterior
What is the function of the uterus in the female reproductive system?
To receive, retain, and nourish the fertilized egg
What is the term for the branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the male reproductive system?
Urology
What type of glands are the mammary glands modified from?
Sudoriferous glands
What holds the ovaries in place?
Ligaments
What is the site of fertilization of the ovum?
Fallopian tubes
What are the mammary glands located in?
Superficial to the serratus anterior
What do the uterosacral ligaments support?
Uterus
What are the mammary glands modified from?
Sudoriferous glands
What is the inner layer of the uterus wall responsible for?
Implantation of the embryo
What is the primary function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?
To temporarily store immature sperm
What is the purpose of the scrotum in the male reproductive system?
To support the testes and regulate their temperature
Which gland secretes fluid into the urethra that supports sperm function?
Prostate
What is the term for the developing organism from 9 weeks to birth?
Fetus
Which part of the male reproductive system transports sperm and urine to the exterior?
Urethra
What is the branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the male reproductive system?
Urology
Test your knowledge of the urinary system, including its structures such as kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, and its functions like regulating body fluids, electrolyte balance, and waste excretion. Learn about the importance of maintaining normal body fluid levels and how the urinary system helps in regulating blood glucose levels.
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