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The Ultimate Human physiology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the cell membrane?

To engulf foreign bodies

To produce ATP

To support and protect the cell (correct)

To synthesize ribosomes

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

Lysosomes

Mitochondria

Golgi Bodies

Ribosomes (correct)

What is the function of the mitochondria?

To engulf foreign bodies

To synthesize ribosomes

To transport substances throughout the cell

To produce ATP (correct)

What is the function of the lysosomes?

To engulf foreign bodies and help in cell renewal Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nucleus?

To contain the hereditary material of the cell and send signals to the cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cell membrane?

It controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nucleolus?

It is the site of ribosome synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the lysosomes?

They protect the cell by engulfing foreign bodies Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Golgi bodies?

They are involved in the transportation of materials within the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mitochondria?

They produce ATP for the cell Signup and view all the answers

What are enzymes?

Protein catalysts that speed up reactions by facilitating molecular rearrangements Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between catabolic and anabolic pathways?

Catabolic pathways break down molecules and release energy, while anabolic pathways synthesize molecules and require energy input Signup and view all the answers

What is feedback inhibition?

Where the product of a metabolic pathway inhibits its own synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of balancing catabolic and anabolic pathways?

To control levels of critical metabolites and ensure sufficient energy Signup and view all the answers

How do enzymes increase reaction rates?

By changing shape when binding with substrate molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of metabolic pathways?

To facilitate multiple steps where the product of one reaction becomes the substrate for the next Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of feedback inhibition in controlling metabolic pathways?

To control metabolic pathways by inhibiting their own synthesis Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Metabolism: Enzymes, Metabolic Pathways, and Chemical Reactions

Biochemical reactions within cells are necessary for daily operations.
Enzymes are protein catalysts that speed up reactions by facilitating molecular rearrangements.
Enzymes change shape when binding with substrate molecules, increasing reaction rates.
Enzymes can bring substrates into close proximity or act as an on/off switch.
Metabolic pathways involve multiple steps where the product of one reaction becomes the substrate for the next.
Enzymes involved in a metabolic pathway can be physically connected, allowing for efficient channeling of products.
Catabolic pathways break down complex organic molecules via the release of energy.
Anabolic pathways synthesize new macromolecules and require energy input.
Cells balance catabolic and anabolic pathways to control levels of critical metabolites and ensure sufficient energy.
Cells monitor the needs and surpluses of all metabolic pathways and can up- or down-regulate pathways accordingly.
Cells use feedback inhibition, where the product of a metabolic pathway inhibits its own synthesis, to control metabolic pathways.
Changes in concentrations of key metabolites in the cell can trigger up- or down-regulation of metabolic pathways.