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Questions and Answers
What was a main difference between the Ulster Plantation and earlier plantations like the Munster Plantation?
What was a main difference between the Ulster Plantation and earlier plantations like the Munster Plantation?
- The Ulster Plantation only allowed settlers to claim smaller plots of land. (correct)
- The Ulster Plantation actively encouraged English settlers to move to the region.
- The Ulster Plantation was led by powerful Gaelic Irish lords who had been granted authority by the English Crown.
- The Ulster Plantation involved the forced relocation of Gaelic Irish families to different areas.
What impact did the Nine Years War have on land ownership in Ulster?
What impact did the Nine Years War have on land ownership in Ulster?
- It saw a decrease in the size of estates owned by Gaelic Irish lords. (correct)
- It led to a significant increase in the number of Gaelic Irish landowners.
- It resulted in the creation of a new class of English landowners who were completely independent of the Crown.
- It prompted the English Crown to adopt a more lenient approach towards Gaelic Irish land ownership.
The Ulster Plantation was a significant event in Irish history. When did it commence?
The Ulster Plantation was a significant event in Irish history. When did it commence?
- 1607
- 1641
- 1594
- 1609 (correct)
Who were the 'servitors' mentioned in the context of the Ulster Plantation?
Who were the 'servitors' mentioned in the context of the Ulster Plantation?
What was the primary motivation behind the Flight of the Earls in 1607?
What was the primary motivation behind the Flight of the Earls in 1607?
Flashcards
Nine Years War
Nine Years War
A rebellion against English rule in Ireland led by Hugh O'Neill.
Servitors
Servitors
Men awarded land for serving in the English army during the Nine Years War.
Plantation of Ulster
Plantation of Ulster
An organized colonization effort started in 1609 in Northern Ireland.
Flight of the Earls
Flight of the Earls
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Changing Use of Land
Changing Use of Land
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Study Notes
The Ulster Plantation
- The Nine Years War (1594) was a rebellion against English rule in Ireland, led by Hugh O'Neill.
- The war was a final effort by Gaelic Irish lords to slow British expansion into Ireland.
- English forces, led by Lord Mountjoy, defeated the Irish.
- Estates were capped at 2,000 acres, unlike the Munster plantation.
- Servitors who served with the English army were awarded land.
- Gaelic Irish who lost their land ("Tories") became outlaws, seeking food and attacking settlers.
Plantation in Practice
- Plantations began in 1609, including Fermanagh, Armagh, Tyrone, Derry, Donegal, and Cavan.
- County Derry became Londonderry.
- Undertakers built stone houses and defensive enclosures (bawns) to protect themselves.
- Towns like Belfast and Omagh provided protection for settlers.
Flight of the Earls
- In 1607, the Ulster nobility (O'Neill and others) fled to Rome.
- King James I confiscated their lands.
Scottish Presbyterians
- Many Scottish Presbyterians, converted by John Knox, migrated to Ulster.
- They were not forced off the land, unlike some other groups.
Land Ownership Changes
- Irish laborers continued to work the land, but lost control to English settlers.
- Native Irish population resentment increased over centuries.
- Land control and ownership fundamentally altered.
Land Use Changes
- Land use transitioned from pastoral (sheep and cows) farming to arable (wheat and oats).
- Flax became popular.
- Industrial growth attracted industry to 19th-century Ulster.
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