The Thermodynamics of Water-Ice Transformation
30 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

According to the first law of thermodynamics, the change in internal energy of a system during a transformation is equal to

  • $Q - W$
  • $Q \div W$
  • $Q \cdot W$
  • $Q + W$ (correct)

Which of the following is true about exothermic reactions?

  • They have no change in heat
  • They release heat (correct)
  • They absorb heat
  • They convert heat into work

What is the term used to describe the energy stored in certain biological molecules, such as ATP?

  • Mechanical energy
  • Thermal energy
  • Chemical energy (correct)
  • Electrical energy

Which process converts sunlight into chemical energy?

<p>Photosynthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes bioenergetics?

<p>The study of energy transformations in living organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

<p>Energy can be converted from one form to another (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of energy transduction?

<p>Wind turbines converting mechanical energy to electrical energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do thermodynamic measurements help determine?

<p>The direction of events and the need for energy input (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the first and second laws of thermodynamics, what happens to the entropy as the energy of the universe remains constant?

<p>The entropy increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the equation $delta G = delta H - T delta S$ represent?

<p>The change in free energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a negative value of $delta G$ indicate?

<p>The process is thermodynamically favorable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a positive value of $delta G$?

<p>The process is not spontaneous (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the second law of thermodynamics, events tend to proceed from a state of higher energy to a state of lower energy. This is because

<p>lower energy states are more stable (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between entropy and the random movements of particles of matter?

<p>Entropy is associated with the increase in disorder (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a sugar cube dissolves in a cup of hot water, what happens to the entropy of the system?

<p>The entropy of the system increases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the availability of energy and the randomness of the universe?

<p>As the randomness of the universe increases, the availability of energy decreases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the equilibrium constant, Keq?

<p>Keq can be greater than or less than 1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the dissociation constant, Kd, measure?

<p>The tendency of two molecules to stick together (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which direction will a reaction proceed if Keq is greater than 1?

<p>Forward (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equilibrium constant, Keq, for the reaction A + B -> C + D?

<p>[A] + [B] / [C] + [D] (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which illustration in Figure 3.3 depicts an increase in the entropy of the universe?

<p>Illustration B (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the entropy of the system when a sugar cube dissolves in a solution?

<p>The entropy of the system increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the entropy of an organism decrease?

<p>By increasing the entropy of its environment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between information content and entropy in macromolecules?

<p>Macromolecules with high information content have low entropy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these is true about the ratio of reactants to products at equilibrium?

<p>The ratio is determined by the relative free-energy levels of the reactants and products. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the total free energy of the reactants is greater than the total free energy of the products?

<p>The reaction proceeds in the direction of formation of products. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens as the reaction proceeds?

<p>The difference in free-energy content between the reactants and products decreases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens at equilibrium?

<p>The difference in free-energy content between the reactants and products is zero. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is not a useful term when comparing the energetics of various reactions?

<p>because it depends on the reaction mixture present at a given time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions is the free-energy change of a biochemical reaction considered?

<p>298 K and 1 atm of pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser