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Gr 10 History Ch 1 SUM: World around 1600
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Gr 10 History Ch 1 SUM: World around 1600

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Questions and Answers

Who established the Askia dynasty in the Songhai Empire?

  • Zhu Yuanzhang
  • Sonni Ali
  • Muhammad Ture (correct)
  • Hong Wu

    • What was Muhammad Ture's impact on Timbuktu?

  • He banned Islam
  • He transformed it into a flourishing center of Islamic learning and culture (correct)
  • He established a new capital
  • He destroyed the city

    • What was the main achievement of Muhammad Ture's administrative reforms?

  • He increased taxes
  • He strengthened the bureaucratic systems (correct)
  • He weakened the bureaucracy
  • He abolished the governor positions

    • What led to the decline of the Songhai Empire?

    <p>Weak leadership and external pressures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Ming Dynasty in Chinese history?

    <p>A golden age of stable governance and economic prosperity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main feature of Emperor Hong Wu's governance?

    <p>Strong central authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Ming Code?

    <p>It was a comprehensive set of laws that codified criminal and civil statutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main goal of Hong Wu's fiscal policies?

    <p>To stabilize the agrarian economy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of the Moroccan invasion on the Songhai Empire?

    <p>It weakened the empire's administrative structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the University of Sankore?

    <p>It was a center of Islamic learning and culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did Sonni Ali ascend the throne of the Songhai Empire?

    <p>1464</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which city was conquered by Sonni Ali in 1468?

    <p>Timbuktu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key component of Sonni Ali's military tactics?

    <p>Maintaining a formidable fleet of canoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of Sonni Ali's administrative overhaul?

    <p>Centralization of power and integration of diverse regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant economic reform introduced by Sonni Ali?

    <p>Agricultural reforms that boosted food production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Sonni Ali's military conquests?

    <p>To gain control over trade routes and commercial hubs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a characteristic of Sonni Ali's ground forces?

    <p>Equipped with leather shields and iron-clad cavalry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Sonni Ali's military innovations and strategies?

    <p>Ability to subdue various formidable adversaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of the imperial examination system in the Ming dynasty?

    <p>To allow men of non-noble backgrounds to enter the civil service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the flourishing internal trade in the Ming dynasty?

    <p>The growth of a middle class of merchants and artisans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the hereditary military caste system established by Hong Wu?

    <p>To reduce the burden on the state for the military's upkeep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Great Wall during the Ming dynasty?

    <p>It was an integral part of the military strategy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Yongle Encyclopedia known for?

    <p>It was one of the world's earliest and most extensive encyclopedias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Admiral Zheng He's maritime expeditions?

    <p>They were used to demonstrate naval strength and for diplomatic and trade engagements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the Ming dynasty's shift towards isolationism?

    <p>China's influence in the region decreased</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of the Ming dynasty's policies on modern Chinese identity?

    <p>It laid the foundations for modern Chinese identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who founded the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Babur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the focus of Babur's governance model?

    <p>Meritocracy and public grievances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the linguistic blend that facilitated administration and cultural synthesis in the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Persian, Arabic, and Hindi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the social hierarchy of the Mughal Empire characterized by?

    <p>A feudal system with a clear hierarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the status of women in the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Varied significantly, with noblewomen enjoying privileges and the majority facing social restrictions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major factor in the decline of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Internal strife and external challenges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary export of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Textiles, agricultural products, and spices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant cultural achievement of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>The construction of iconic structures such as the Taj Mahal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the characteristic of the European geopolitical landscape during the late Middle Ages?

    <p>A fragmented landscape with numerous small states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary social and economic structure of European society by 1300?

    <p>A feudal system with a hierarchical structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of the Black Death on European society?

    <p>It caused significant social and economic upheaval, leading to a labor shortage and diminished faith in leadership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the status of women in European society during the late Middle Ages?

    <p>Wealthy women had some legal and social rights, while peasant women faced harsh conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant result of the expansion of trade in Europe during the 1400s?

    <p>A decline in feudal structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were key figures in the artistic and scientific developments of the Renaissance?

    <p>Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant outcome of the Renaissance?

    <p>A resurgence in art, literature, and science</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was NOT a result of the growth of trade in Europe?

    <p>A strengthening of feudal structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Renaissance for European societies?

    <p>A transformation of European societies and the emergence of nation-states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was a prominent figure in English literature during the Renaissance?

    <p>William Shakespeare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a consequence of the growth of trade and commerce in Europe during the 1400s?

    <p>The emergence of merchant guilds to protect economic interests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant outcome of the Renaissance for global exploration?

    <p>The emergence of European nation-states engaged in worldwide exploration and colonization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a primary goal of Sonni Ali's military conquests?

    <p>To gain control over trade routes across the Sahara</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key component of Sonni Ali's military tactics?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Sonni Ali's administrative overhaul?

    <p>Centralization of power and replacement of tribal chiefs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant economic reform introduced by Sonni Ali?

    <p>Implementation of agricultural reforms to boost food production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of Sonni Ali's military innovations and strategies?

    <p>Expansion of the Songhai Empire's territories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a characteristic of Sonni Ali's ground forces?

    <p>Use of iron-clad cavalry and leather shields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Timbuktu and Jenne?

    <p>They were key commercial hubs for trade across the Sahara</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Sonni Ali's governance?

    <p>To unify the diverse regions of the Songhai Empire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the characteristic of the European geopolitical landscape during the late Middle Ages?

    <p>A fragmented landscape with numerous small states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary social and economic structure of European society by 1300?

    <p>Feudal system with a hierarchy of nobles and peasants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of the Black Death on European society?

    <p>It caused a labor shortage and social and economic upheaval</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the status of women in the Mughal Empire?

    <p>They had limited rights, except for noblewomen who enjoyed some privileges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the linguistic blend that facilitated administration and cultural synthesis in the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Persian, Arabic, and Hindi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the social hierarchy of the Mughal Empire characterized by?

    <p>A feudal system with a clear hierarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant cultural achievement of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>The creation of iconic structures such as Humayun's Tomb and the Taj Mahal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary export of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Textiles, agricultural products, and opium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major factor in the decline of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Internal strife and external challenges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the expansion of trade in Europe during the 1400s?

    <p>An increase in cultural and scientific developments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main benefit of Muhammad Ture's agricultural reforms in the Songhai Empire?

    <p>Stabilized the economy and increased the empire's wealth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary focus of the administrative reforms of Hong Wu in the Ming Dynasty?

    <p>Establishment of a strong centralized government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the University of Sankore in the Songhai Empire?

    <p>It was a hub of Islamic learning and culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the consequences of the Moroccan invasion on the Songhai Empire?

    <p>The empire faced weakened central authority and increased vulnerability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Muhammad Ture's cultural and religious policies?

    <p>To make Islam a cornerstone of his administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Ming Code in the Ming Dynasty?

    <p>It was a comprehensive set of laws that codified criminal and civil statutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the Moroccan invasion on Timbuktu?

    <p>Timbuktu was captured and its administrative structures were disrupted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main characteristic of the governance system established by Hong Wu?

    <p>A centralized system where all power emanated from the emperor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of the Songhai Empire's administrative innovations on its economy?

    <p>The economy was stabilized and the empire's wealth increased</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the reign of Muhammad Ture in the Songhai Empire?

    <p>It was a period of cultural and religious expansion and growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary effect of the expansion of trade in Europe during the 1400s?

    <p>The rise of the middle class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant characteristic of the Renaissance?

    <p>A resurgence in art, literature, and science</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cities was a major trading center during the Renaissance?

    <p>Florence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the growth of trade and commerce in Europe during the 1400s?

    <p>The erosion of traditional feudal structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant outcome of the Renaissance for European societies?

    <p>The transformation of European societies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Renaissance for global exploration?

    <p>It marked the beginning of global exploration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a characteristic of the European geopolitical landscape during the Renaissance?

    <p>The rise of powerful nation-states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was a prominent figure in English literature during the Renaissance?

    <p>William Shakespeare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a consequence of the imperial examination system in the Ming dynasty?

    <p>Men of non-noble backgrounds could enter the civil service and achieve high status.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Great Wall during the Ming dynasty?

    <p>It was an integral part of the military strategy and a symbol of China's historical dedication to defense.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a characteristic of the Ming dynasty's cultural achievements?

    <p>They included significant contributions to literature, painting, and ceramics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the flourishing internal trade in the Ming dynasty?

    <p>It fostered a middle class of merchants and artisans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Admiral Zheng He's maritime expeditions?

    <p>They were demonstrations of naval strength and significant for diplomatic and trade engagements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the Ming dynasty's shift towards isolationism?

    <p>It reduced China's influence in the region just as European powers began establishing their own trade routes to Asia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the focus of Babur's governance model?

    <p>It emphasized meritocracy and included mechanisms for public grievances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Mughal Empire in Indian history?

    <p>It marked a significant shift in South Asian history, creating the largest empire in Indian history by 1600.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a characteristic of the Mughal Empire's administrative system?

    <p>It was a highly centralized administrative system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of the Mughal Empire's cultural influence?

    <p>It facilitated cultural synthesis and had a significant impact on global culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary motivation behind Sonni Ali's military campaigns?

    <p>To expand the empire's territories and consolidate power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key component of Sonni Ali's military fleet?

    <p>A fleet of canoes that patrolled the Niger River</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Sonni Ali's agricultural reforms?

    <p>To boost food production and support population centers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Sonni Ali's administrative overhaul?

    <p>A centralized administrative system was established</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Timbuktu and Jenne in the Songhai Empire?

    <p>They were key commercial hubs for trade across the Sahara</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a characteristic of Sonni Ali's ground forces?

    <p>They were equipped with iron-clad cavalry, leather shields, and poisoned arrow shooters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of Sonni Ali's military innovations and strategies?

    <p>The empire expanded its territories and consolidated power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of Sonni Ali's economic reforms?

    <p>Food production increased, supporting population centers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key factor in the Songhai Empire's economic stability?

    <p>Slave-based agricultural communities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the Moroccan invasion of the Songhai Empire?

    <p>The capture of Timbuktu and disruption of administrative structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant feature of Muhammad Ture's reign?

    <p>The promotion of Islam and transformation of Timbuktu into a center of Islamic learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key feature of Emperor Hong Wu's governance?

    <p>A strong centralized authority with a vast and efficient bureaucracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Ming Code?

    <p>It was a comprehensive set of laws that codified criminal and civil statutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Hong Wu's fiscal policies?

    <p>To strengthen the economy through agricultural reforms and state granaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the University of Sankore?

    <p>It was a center of Islamic learning and scholarship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marked the beginning of the decline of the Songhai Empire?

    <p>The death of Muhammad Ture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the Moroccan invasion of the Songhai Empire?

    <p>The capture of Timbuktu and disruption of administrative structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant feature of the Ming Dynasty?

    <p>A strong centralized authority with a vast and efficient bureaucracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What facilitated administration and cultural synthesis in the Mughal Empire?

    <p>A blend of Persian, Arabic, and Hindi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the social hierarchy of the Mughal Empire characterized by?

    <p>Feudal system with the emperor at the top</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the status of women in the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Varying significantly, with noblewomen enjoying privileges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major factor in the decline of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>External challenges and internal strife</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary export of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Textiles, agricultural products, and spices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant cultural achievement of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>The construction of iconic structures like the Taj Mahal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterized the European geopolitical landscape during the late Middle Ages?

    <p>A fragmented landscape with many small states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary social and economic structure of European society by 1300?

    <p>Feudal system with land and power concentrated in the hands of kings and nobles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of the Black Death on European society?

    <p>It led to a labor shortage, social and economic upheaval, and diminished faith in leadership and the church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the status of women in European society during the late Middle Ages?

    <p>Wealthy women had some legal and social rights, while peasant women endured harsh conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cities was NOT a significant trading center in Europe during the 1400s?

    <p>London</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant outcome of the growth of trade in Europe during the 1400s?

    <p>The erosion of traditional social classes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was a prominent figure in the artistic developments of the Renaissance?

    <p>Leonardo da Vinci</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant consequence of the growth of trade and commerce in Europe during the 1400s?

    <p>The transformation of European societies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a primary goal of European explorers during the Renaissance?

    <p>To explore new territories and establish colonies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant outcome of the Renaissance for global exploration?

    <p>The establishment of European colonies worldwide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a characteristic of the new middle class that emerged during the Renaissance?

    <p>They were merchants and traders who achieved wealth regardless of social class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant innovation in trade during the Renaissance?

    <p>The emergence of capitalist attitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of the imperial examination system in the Ming dynasty?

    <p>To allow men of non-noble backgrounds to enter the civil service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant outcome of the flourishing internal trade in the Ming dynasty?

    <p>The rise of a middle class of merchants and artisans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Great Wall during the Ming dynasty?

    <p>It was a symbol of China's historical dedication to defense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a characteristic of the Mughal Empire's government structure?

    <p>It was a highly centralized administrative system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Admiral Zheng He's maritime expeditions?

    <p>They were significant for diplomatic and trade engagements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of the Ming dynasty's shift towards isolationism?

    <p>It reduced China's influence in the region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Babur's governance model?

    <p>To emphasize meritocracy and include mechanisms for public grievances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant cultural achievement of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>The flourishment of literature and arts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the Ming dynasty's policies on modern Chinese identity?

    <p>It laid the foundations for modern Chinese identity and governance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Yongle Encyclopedia?

    <p>It was one of the world's earliest and most extensive encyclopedias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Muhammad Ture's primary objective in promoting Islam in the Songhai Empire?

    <p>To create a cultural and intellectual hub in Timbuktu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main consequence of the Moroccan invasion of the Songhai Empire?

    <p>The empire's administrative structures were heavily disrupted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key feature of Emperor Hong Wu's governance in the Ming Dynasty?

    <p>A strong centralized government with a powerful emperor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Emperor Hong Wu's fiscal policies in the Ming Dynasty?

    <p>To stabilize the agrarian economy and support the needy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant impact of the decline of the Songhai Empire?

    <p>The fragmentation of the empire into smaller kingdoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key feature of the Ming Code established during Hong Wu's reign?

    <p>A comprehensive set of laws with a structured approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary significance of the University of Sankore in Timbuktu?

    <p>A center of Islamic learning and culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the Moroccan invasion of the Songhai Empire in 1591?

    <p>The empire's capital city, Timbuktu, was captured and occupied</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Muhammad Ture's administrative reforms in the Songhai Empire?

    <p>To strengthen the central authority and control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Songhai Empire in West African history?

    <p>It was a powerful empire that dominated West Africa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What facilitated social mobility in the Ming dynasty?

    <p>Imperial examination system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of the maritime expeditions led by Admiral Zheng He?

    <p>To demonstrate naval strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterized the Mughal Empire's government structure?

    <p>Highly centralized system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant cultural achievement of the Ming dynasty?

    <p>Compilation of the Yongle Encyclopedia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the Ming dynasty's shift towards isolationism?

    <p>Reduced influence in the region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Great Wall during the Ming dynasty?

    <p>Integral part of the military strategy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a characteristic of the Ming dynasty's urban growth?

    <p>Flourishing internal trade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key component of Emperor Hong Wu's military reforms?

    <p>Professional army</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant technological innovation during the Ming dynasty?

    <p>Improvements in printing techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a characteristic of the Mughal Empire's society?

    <p>Rigid social hierarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant consequence of the growth of trade in Europe during the 1400s?

    <p>The decline of feudalism and the emergence of a new middle class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a characteristic of the societal shift during the Renaissance?

    <p>A cultural shift towards humanism and individualism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant outcome of the Renaissance for global exploration?

    <p>The expansion of European horizons globally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant development in banking during the 1400s?

    <p>The emergence of a new middle class of merchants and traders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant feature of the art and science of the Renaissance?

    <p>The emergence of iconic works by figures like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant result of the growth of trade and commerce in Europe?

    <p>The erosion of traditional feudal structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant feature of the literature of the Renaissance?

    <p>The emergence of figures like William Shakespeare.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant result of the transformation of feudalism?

    <p>The emergence of a new middle class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary reason for Songhai's expansion under Sonni Ali's rule?

    <p>To gain control over the trans-Saharan trade routes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Timbuktu and Jenne in Sonni Ali's conquests?

    <p>They were key commercial hubs for trade across the Sahara</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of Sonni Ali's administrative overhaul on the empire?

    <p>It resulted in the integration of diverse regions under a unified authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary outcome of Sonni Ali's military innovations and strategies?

    <p>The subjugation of various formidable adversaries throughout the region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Sonni Ali's agricultural reforms?

    <p>They boosted food production and supported population centers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary characteristic of Sonni Ali's ground forces?

    <p>They were equipped with leather shields, iron-clad cavalry, and poisoned arrow shooters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary function of Sonni Ali's fleet of canoes?

    <p>To patrol the Niger River and control trade routes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Sonni Ali's military conquests?

    <p>To gain control over the trans-Saharan trade routes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of the emperor's position in the Mughal Empire's social hierarchy?

    <p>To oversee the administration of the vast populace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary factor that contributed to the decline of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>The internal strife and external challenges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the observatories established by the Mughals?

    <p>They were pioneers in astronomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary characteristic of the European geopolitical landscape during the late Middle Ages?

    <p>A loose federation of territories with a fragmented system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary social and economic structure of European society by 1300?

    <p>A feudal system with land and power concentrated in the hands of kings, nobility, and the higher echelons of the Catholic Church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary impact of the Black Death on European society?

    <p>It led to a labor shortage, diminished faith in leadership and the church, and influenced cultural expressions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the status of women in European society during the late Middle Ages?

    <p>Wealthy women had some legal and social rights, while peasant women endured harsh conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary export of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Textiles, agricultural products, and indigo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Taj Mahal in the Mughal Empire?

    <p>It was a symbol of eternal love built by Shah Jahan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of the British East India Company's involvement in the Mughal Empire?

    <p>To capitalize on the decline of the Mughal Empire and take over Indian territories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main impact of Muhammad Ture's reign on the Songhai Empire's economy?

    <p>It stabilized the economy and increased the empire's wealth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Timbuktu during Muhammad Ture's reign?

    <p>It was a major center of Islamic learning and culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main feature of Emperor Hong Wu's governance in the Ming Dynasty?

    <p>A highly centralized system with all power emanating from the emperor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Ming Code?

    <p>It was a comprehensive set of laws that codified criminal and civil statutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Hong Wu's fiscal policies?

    <p>To strengthen the economy through agricultural reforms and social welfare programs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the Moroccan invasion of the Songhai Empire?

    <p>The empire was weakened, and its administrative structures were disrupted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the University of Sankore?

    <p>It was a center of Islamic learning and culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main impact of the decline of the Songhai Empire?

    <p>It led to the fragmentation of the region into smaller states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Ming Dynasty in Chinese history?

    <p>It was a golden age in Chinese history, marked by stable governance, economic prosperity, and a rich cultural heritage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main factor that contributed to the decline of the Songhai Empire?

    <p>Internal conflicts and weak leadership.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of the imperial examination system in the Ming dynasty?

    <p>To provide avenues for social mobility through meritocratic means</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main characteristic of the Ming military during the reign of Hong Wu?

    <p>A professional army with a hereditary military caste system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Great Wall during the Ming dynasty?

    <p>It was a key component of the Ming military strategy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main achievement of the Yongle Encyclopedia?

    <p>It was one of the world's earliest and most extensive encyclopedias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Admiral Zheng He's maritime expeditions?

    <p>To demonstrate naval strength and facilitate diplomatic and trade engagements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the Ming dynasty's shift towards isolationism?

    <p>China's influence in the region decreased, allowing European powers to establish their own trade routes to Asia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary focus of Babur's governance model in the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Meritocracy and mechanisms for public grievances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Mughal Empire in Indian history?

    <p>It was a significant shift in South Asian history, creating the largest empire in Indian history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary characteristic of the Mughal Empire's administrative system?

    <p>Highly centralized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant cultural achievement of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>The development of a unique blend of Indian and European architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was a significant outcome of the growth of trade in Europe during the 1400s?

    <p>The decline of feudalism and the rise of a new middle class of merchants and traders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of European exploration during the Renaissance?

    <p>To expand European horizons globally and establish colonies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant cultural achievement of the Renaissance?

    <p>The creation of iconic works of art, literature, and science.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was a prominent figure in English literature during the Renaissance?

    <p>William Shakespeare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Renaissance for European societies?

    <p>It was a period of significant cultural and artistic innovation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a consequence of the growth of trade and commerce in Europe during the 1400s?

    <p>The decline of feudalism and the emergence of powerful nation-states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant outcome of the Renaissance for global exploration?

    <p>The expansion of European horizons globally and the establishment of colonies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of innovations in trade during this period?

    <p>The rise of a new middle class of merchants and traders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary factor that contributed to Songhai's expansion during Sonni Ali's reign?

    <p>Military innovations and conquests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Niger River for Songhai's economy?

    <p>It was a vital trade route across the Sahara</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Sonni Ali's administrative overhaul?

    <p>Centralization of power and integration of diverse regions under a unified authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a characteristic of Sonni Ali's ground forces?

    <p>Use of leather shields, iron-clad cavalry, and poisoned arrow shooters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the focus of Sonni Ali's economic reforms?

    <p>Boosting food production and supporting population centers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Timbuktu and Jenne for Songhai's economy?

    <p>They were vital commercial hubs for trade across the Sahara</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of Sonni Ali's military innovations and strategies?

    <p>Songhai expanded its territories dramatically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key component of Sonni Ali's military tactics?

    <p>A fleet of canoes that patrolled the Niger River</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main characteristic of the Mughal Empire's social hierarchy?

    <p>A feudal system with a clear hierarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the linguistic blend that facilitated administration and cultural synthesis in the Mughal Empire?

    <p>A blend of Persian, Arabic, and Hindi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary export of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Textiles, agricultural products, and spices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Black Death on European society?

    <p>It led to a labor shortage and significant social and economic upheaval</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the characteristic of the European geopolitical landscape during the late Middle Ages?

    <p>A fragmented geopolitical landscape with numerous small states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary social and economic structure of European society by 1300?

    <p>Feudal system with land and power concentrated in the hands of kings and nobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the status of women in European society during the late Middle Ages?

    <p>Wealthy women had some legal and social rights, while peasant women endured harsh conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant outcome of the Renaissance for European societies?

    <p>A renewed interest in classical learning and cultural achievements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the status of women in the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Noblewomen enjoyed certain privileges, while the majority of women faced social restrictions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant cultural achievement of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>The construction of iconic structures such as Humayun's Tomb and the Taj Mahal</p> Signup and view all the answers

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