Module 2

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What are some examples of social determinants of health according to the text?

Inclusive social support networks (correct)

Access to technology and gadgets

Musical preferences

Favorite hobbies and pastimes

How can family influences impact healthy child development according to the text?

Providing video games and entertainment systems

Encouraging unhealthy eating habits

Imposing strict rules without explanations

Ensuring peaceful family life and adequate support systems (correct)

What role do social support networks play in relation to coping with life's stressors?

Isolating individuals from community support

Increasing vulnerability to stress

Enhancing the ability to cope with life's stressors (correct)

Negatively impacting decision-making processes

Why is having a healthy and supportive neighborhood considered a social determinant of health?

It provides spaces for recreation and adequate resources (A) Signup and view all the answers

How are interactions between the individual, family, and community described in the text?

Determining factors for health and wellbeing (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why are employment opportunities with good working conditions considered social determinants of health?

They ensure sufficient income and access to resources (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of policy decisions in relation to social determinants of health?

They directly affect community well-being (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why do people across the globe experience health and illness differently despite a common biology?

Varied social determinants of health (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the likelihood of adults in the lowest socioeconomic areas to be insufficiently active compared to those in the highest socioeconomic areas?

1.3 times more likely (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated likelihood of adults in the lowest socioeconomic areas to have uncontrolled high blood pressure compared to those in the highest socioeconomic areas?

1.2 times more likely (B) Signup and view all the answers

In 2017–18, what is the likelihood of adults in the lowest socioeconomic areas to have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease compared to those in the highest socioeconomic areas?

2.0 times more likely (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does occupation differ from employment according to the text?

Occupation guarantees position in society (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the likelihood of adults in the lowest socioeconomic areas to have heart, stroke, and vascular disease in 2017–18 compared to those in the highest socioeconomic areas?

1.3 times more likely (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated likelihood of adults in the lowest socioeconomic areas to smoke daily compared to those in the highest socioeconomic areas?

1.6 times more likely (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the likelihood of adults in the lowest socioeconomic areas to be newly diagnosed with lung cancer in 2010–2014 compared to those in the highest socioeconomic areas?

1.6 times more likely (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why paid employment is beneficial for health?

It provides a sense of purpose, identity, social contacts, and opportunities for personal growth. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about socioeconomic position and health is true?

People from higher socioeconomic positions have lower rates of illness and disability. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about employment and working conditions is correct?

People who have control over their work circumstances and less stress often live longer. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, which of the following is a characteristic used to measure socioeconomic position?

Occupation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between socioeconomic status and health risk factors?

Adults in higher socioeconomic areas tend to fare better on health risk factors than those in lower socioeconomic areas. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is NOT supported by the information provided in the text?

Engaging in physical activity is a key factor in determining an individual's health. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, what can be inferred about the relationship between socioeconomic status and health?

The relationship is linear, with each step up the socioeconomic ladder corresponding to an increase in health. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best summarizes the main idea of the text?

Employment and higher socioeconomic status are associated with better health outcomes and longer life expectancy. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups is not specifically mentioned as having higher rates of certain health conditions in the given text?

People born in China (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding refugees?

Refugees tend to experience poorer health outcomes due to language, cultural, and financial barriers, as well as low health literacy. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following health conditions is not specifically mentioned in the text as having higher rates among certain cultural groups?

Cancer (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Aboriginal health' refer to?

The social, emotional, and cultural well-being of the whole Community, allowing individuals to achieve their full potential (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people?

They have lower life expectancy than other Australians. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following health conditions is mentioned in the text as having higher rates among people born in Continental Europe and Asia?

Gastritis and duodenitis (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the view of health among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people?

They view health as a combination of physical, social, and emotional well-being. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is not true according to the text?

People born in Japan have higher rates of gastritis and duodenitis. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about gender is true?

Gender is a social construct that varies across societies and can change over time. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about the relationship between income and health?

Higher income allows for greater access to goods and services that provide health benefits. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about gender inequality is true?

Gender inequality damages the physical and mental health of girls, women, boys, and men. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, which of the following statements is true about the terms 'gender' and 'sex'?

Gender refers to an individual's internal experience, which may or may not align with their physiological sex at birth. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about socioeconomic position and health is supported by the text?

Loss of income through illness, disability, or injury can adversely affect an individual's socioeconomic position and health. (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to the information provided, which of the following statements about gender is false?

Gender is a biological characteristic determined by chromosomes and hormones. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the benefits of higher income is not supported by the text?

Higher income leads to increased life expectancy. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, which of the following statements about gender inequality is true?

Gender inequality provides tangible benefits to men through resources, power, authority, and control. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What impact does low income or unemployment have on physical and mental health according to the text?

Negatively affects physical and mental health (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does quality work contribute to an individual's health according to the text?

Instills self-esteem and a positive identity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of early child development strongly influences various factors like well-being, obesity, competence in literacy, and economic participation?

Healthy early child development (ECD) in its entirety (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does high income contribute to better health outcomes besides improving wages?

Provides better health outcomes for individuals or their dependents (B) Signup and view all the answers

What critical developmental phase is highlighted as the most important throughout the lifespan?

Early childhood (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does participation in quality work impact an individual's sense of identity and wellbeing?

Instills a positive sense of identity and self-esteem (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary influence of employment on an individual's health according to the text?

Instills self-esteem and protects health (D) Signup and view all the answers

How do wages play a role in determining an individual's health outcomes according to the text?

Higher wages improve health outcomes for individuals or their dependents (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between occupation and income according to the text?

Occupation determines income levels (A) Signup and view all the answers

How are health outcomes linked to occupation?

Occupation influences health outcomes through material resources (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why might those in higher social standings have better health outcomes?

Because of exclusive access to better healthcare and education (B) Signup and view all the answers

In what way can occupation impact health outcomes?

Occupation can impact health through psychosocial processes, environmental exposures, and other factors (C) Signup and view all the answers

What role do income and wealth play in socioeconomic position according to the text?

Income and wealth play important roles in socioeconomic position (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does occupation differ from income and wealth in influencing health outcomes?

Occupation influences health through social networks and psychosocial processes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the association between occupation and health outcomes suggest about occupational factors?

Occupational factors influence health outcomes only indirectly (D) Signup and view all the answers

How do social networks relate to occupation and health outcomes according to the text?

'Social networks' drive psychosocial processes that influence health outcomes related to occupation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor contributing to poor quality housing?

Proximity to health services (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which group is at the greatest risk of living in poor-quality housing?

Young people and Indigenous Australians (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is highlighted as an environmental determinant of health linked to housing and homelessness in the text?

Lack of personal space (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is identified as a biological determinant of health in the text?

Inherited conditions (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT listed as a barrier to accessing health services in the text?

Short waiting times (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of health services, what is a common misconception according to the text?

Low cost is always indicative of poor quality (A) Signup and view all the answers

What may affect specific populations more than others?

Genetics (D) Signup and view all the answers

Housing and homelessness have been identified as environmental determinants of health. What is another example of an environmental determinant mentioned in the text?

Access to educational institutions (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the estimated likelihood of adults in the lowest socioeconomic areas to be obese compared to those in the highest socioeconomic areas?

1.6 times as likely (B) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, what was the estimated likelihood of adults in the lowest socioeconomic areas to have biomedical signs of chronic kidney disease in 2011–12 compared to those in the highest socioeconomic areas?

1.6 times as likely (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the estimated likelihood of adults in the lowest socioeconomic areas to have diabetes in 2017–18 compared to those in the highest socioeconomic areas?

2.2 times as likely (C) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, how does the likelihood of harm from drinking alcohol compare between adults in the lowest and highest socioeconomic areas?

Adults in both the lowest and highest socioeconomic areas had a similar lifetime risk of harm from drinking alcohol. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does occupation differ from being employed?

Occupation refers to the task or activity undertaken by an individual, while being employed guarantees an income. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, what is the estimated likelihood of adults in the lowest socioeconomic areas to be insufficiently active compared to those in the highest socioeconomic areas?

1.3 times as likely (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the estimated likelihood of adults in the lowest socioeconomic areas to smoke daily compared to those in the highest socioeconomic areas?

3.3 times as likely (C) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, what was the estimated likelihood of adults in the lowest socioeconomic areas to have uncontrolled high blood pressure compared to those in the highest socioeconomic areas?

1.2 times as likely (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between social determinants and health inequities?

Social determinants are primarily responsible for the unfair and avoidable differences in health status. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason stated in the text for why education is considered a key determinant of health?

Education provides individuals with knowledge and skills to solve problems and take control of life circumstances. (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to the information provided, which of the following factors would NOT be considered a social determinant of health?

Individual genetic predisposition to certain diseases (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the relationship between social determinants and health is true?

An individual's health status is typically associated with a combination of influential factors. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, which of the following statements about the influence of social determinants is correct?

Social determinants can have either a positive or negative influence on health. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between education and income security, as stated in the text?

Education increases the opportunity for income security. (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to the information provided, which of the following statements about the distribution of resources is true?

The distribution of resources at global, national, and local levels shapes the social determinants of health. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the text regarding the relationship between social determinants and health?

The text focuses on the social determinants as having the most impact on individual and community health. (D) Signup and view all the answers