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Questions and Answers
Which type of bone is primarily responsible for protection and has a curved shape?
Which type of bone is primarily responsible for protection and has a curved shape?
All bones in the body can be classified into only four categories.
All bones in the body can be classified into only four categories.
False
What is the function of the epiphyseal plate in long bones?
What is the function of the epiphyseal plate in long bones?
Growth plate for lengthening the bone.
The yellow bone marrow is found in the ______ cavity of long bones.
The yellow bone marrow is found in the ______ cavity of long bones.
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Match the type of bone to its description:
Match the type of bone to its description:
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What is the primary component of bones?
What is the primary component of bones?
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Bones are only responsible for supporting the body and do not play a role in movement.
Bones are only responsible for supporting the body and do not play a role in movement.
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What process occurs within the marrow cavities of bones?
What process occurs within the marrow cavities of bones?
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Bones serve as a reservoir for minerals, especially calcium and __________.
Bones serve as a reservoir for minerals, especially calcium and __________.
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Match the following functions of bones with their descriptions:
Match the following functions of bones with their descriptions:
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Study Notes
Overview of Bones
- Bones are classified as organs and are made up of various tissue types, primarily osseous connective tissue.
- Calcification gives bones their sturdy and rigid matrix.
Functions of Bones
- Support: Provides a structural framework for the body and protects soft organs.
- Protection: Shields vital organs, including the brain and spinal cord, from injury.
- Movement: Serves as levers for muscles, facilitating movement.
- Mineral Storage: Acts as a reservoir for minerals, notably calcium and phosphorus, containing over 90% of these reserves.
- Blood Cell Formation: Hematopoiesis takes place within the marrow cavities, specifically red bone marrow found in spongy bone.
- Energy Storage: Yellow marrow stores fat.
Bone Classification
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By Shape:
- Long Bones: Longer than wide (e.g., humerus).
- Short Bones: Cube-shaped (e.g., wrist and ankle bones).
- Flat Bones: Thin and curved (e.g., sternum, skull bones).
- Irregular Bones: Bones with complex shapes (e.g., vertebrae, hip bones).
- Sesamoid (Round) Bones: Bones that form within tendons (e.g., patella).
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By Structure:
- Axial Skeleton: Comprises bones of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.
- Appendicular Skeleton: Includes bones of limbs, shoulder, and hips.
Bone Structure
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External Structure:
- Epiphyses: Expanded ends of long bones with a compact bone exterior and spongy bone interior, covered in articular cartilage.
- Diaphysis: Long tubular shaft of bones composed of compact bone surrounding the medullary cavity, containing yellow marrow.
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Internal Structure:
- Spongy Bone: Contains red marrow for blood cell production.
- Compact Bone: Dense and forms the outer layer of bones.
- Medullary Cavity: Central cavity containing yellow marrow.
- Epiphyseal Plate (“Growth Plate”): Found in children, facilitates bone growth.
Parts of a Long Bone
- Epiphysis: Distal and proximal ends.
- Diaphysis: Tubular shaft.
- Compact Bone: Outer layer.
- Spongy Bone: Interior.
- Articular Cartilage: Joint surfaces.
- Periosteum: Protective outer layer.
- Endosteum: Lining of the internal cavity.
- Medullary Cavity: Contains marrow (red and yellow).
- Trabeculae: Network of bone in spongy bone.
Structure of Short, Irregular, and Flat Bones
- Composed of thin plates of compact bone, covered by periosteum on the outside and endosteum on the inside.
- Lack diaphysis and epiphyses, with bone marrow situated between trabeculae.
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Description
Explore the intricate functions and structures of the skeletal system in this quiz. Learn about the composition of bones and their vital roles in supporting and protecting the body. Perfect for students in health sciences and rehabilitation studies.
