The Second Great Awakening

Questions and Answers

What was the Second Great Awakening?

A social movement advocating for women's rights.

A religious movement that increased awareness and conversion. (correct)

A political movement to end slavery.

A cultural revival focused on arts and literature.

What is a revival?

An emotional religious gathering that could last for several days.

Who was Charles Grandison Finney?

An important preacher in the revivalist movement.

What did the revivalist movement emphasize?

The responsibility of each person to find salvation and the ability to change oneself and society. Signup and view all the answers

Who started the African Methodist Episcopal Church?

Richard Allen. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Ralph Waldo Emerson?

A New England writer and philosopher who led a group practicing transcendentalism. Signup and view all the answers

What is transcendentalism?

The belief that people could find truth in nature and within themselves. Signup and view all the answers

Who is the author of 'Walden'?

Henry David Thoreau. Signup and view all the answers

What is civil disobedience?

The belief that people should protest and not obey laws they consider unjust. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Unitarian movement stress?

Reason, not emotion. Signup and view all the answers

What are utopian communities?

Experimental communities aimed at creating a 'perfect' living environment. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Dorothea Dix?

A rights activist on behalf of mentally ill patients. Signup and view all the answers

What was the abolition movement?

The movement to end slavery. Signup and view all the answers

Who was William Lloyd Garrison?

A United States abolitionist who published 'The Liberator'. Signup and view all the answers

What does emancipation refer to?

The freeing of slaves. Signup and view all the answers

Who was David Walker?

A free black who urged African Americans to fight for their freedom. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Frederick Douglass?

An escaped slave who became a leader in the abolitionist cause. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Nat Turner?

A Virginian slave who led a violent slave rebellion. Signup and view all the answers

What does antebellum mean?

Pre-Civil War. Signup and view all the answers

What is a gag rule?

A rule that legislators could limit or ban debate on any issue. Signup and view all the answers

What is the cult of domesticity?

Social customs that required women to restrict themselves to caring for the house. Signup and view all the answers

Who were Sarah and Angelina Grimke?

Leaders in the abolitionist movement. Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperance movement?

The movement to ban the drinking of alcohol. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Elizabeth Cady Stanton?

A prominent advocate of women's rights who organized the Seneca Falls Convention. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Seneca Falls Convention?

A women's rights convention attended by over 300 men and women. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Sojourner Truth?

A former slave who became an abolitionist and women's rights activist. Signup and view all the answers

What is a cottage industry?

A system in which manufacturers provided materials for goods to be made at home. Signup and view all the answers

What does artisan-made refer to?

Goods that a family could not make for itself. Signup and view all the answers

What is a master in the context of trades?

A skilled artisan who owned a business and employed others. Signup and view all the answers

What is a journeyman?

A skilled worker employed by a master. Signup and view all the answers

What is an apprentice?

A worker learning a craft or trade under the supervision of a master. Signup and view all the answers

What is a strike?

A work stoppage to force an employer to respond to demands. Signup and view all the answers

What was the National Trades' Union?

Unions that joined together to increase their power in 1834. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Amelia Bloomer?

An American women's rights and temperance advocate. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Lucretia Mott?

A Quaker who helped call the first women's rights convention in NY. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Second Great Awakening

A national religious revival that surpassed the first in the number of conversions.
Influenced moral movements, including prison reform, temperance, and anti-slavery advocacy.

Revival

Emotional religious gatherings lasting several days, designed to renew faith and commitment.

Charles Grandison Finney

Key figure in the revivalist movement, emphasizing individual responsibility in seeking salvation.

Revivalist Movement

Focused on personal and societal change, stressing that individuals could actively seek salvation.

Richard Allen

Founder of the African Methodist Episcopal Church, which became vital for African American political, cultural, and social life.

Ralph Waldo Emerson

New England writer and philosopher associated with transcendentalism, promoting self-reliance and individual truth.

Transcendentalism

Belief in finding truth through nature and personal experiences, highlighting individual dignity and social change.

Henry David Thoreau

Authored "Walden," a work that emphasized self-reliance through solitary living for two years.

Civil Disobedience

Philosophy advocating for peaceful protest against unjust laws, encouraging moral responsibility.

Unitarian Movement

Spiritual movement prioritizing reason over emotion, emphasizing rational understanding of faith.

Utopian Communities

Experimental communities aimed at achieving ideal living environments, though none were ultimately successful.

Dorothea Dix

Rights activist for mentally ill patients, instrumental in establishing the first wave of mental asylums in the U.S.

Abolition

The movement aimed at ending slavery in the United States.

William Lloyd Garrison

Prominent abolitionist known for publishing "The Liberator," advocating for immediate emancipation of slaves.

Emancipation

The act of freeing individuals from enslavement.

David Walker

A free African American who advocated for fighting against slavery and encouraged resistance from within.

Frederick Douglass

Former slave and leading abolitionist; advocated for emancipation through nonviolent means and founded "The North Star" newspaper.

Nat Turner

Enslaved Virginian who led a violent rebellion against slaveholding in 1831, highlighting tensions in the South.

Antebellum

Term referring to the period before the Civil War.

Gag Rule

Legislative rule allowing the limitation or prohibition of debate on particular issues, often related to slavery.

Cult of Domesticity

Social norms emphasizing women's roles as homemakers and caregivers, promoting restricted societal participation.

Sarah and Angelina Grimke

Influential figures within the abolitionist movement, advocating for both abolition and women's rights.

Temperance Movement

Social movement aimed at prohibiting alcohol consumption, promoting moderation and health.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Leading advocate for women’s rights; organized the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention with Lucretia Mott, focusing on suffrage and equality.

Seneca Falls Convention

Landmark women’s rights convention held in New York with over 300 attendees, producing the "Declaration of Sentiments" advocating for women’s rights.

Sojourner Truth

Former enslaved woman who became a prominent advocate for both abolition and women's rights through powerful speeches.

Cottage Industry

Manufacturing system where materials provided by manufacturers were used by workers at home to create goods.

Artisan-Made

Goods that families could not produce independently; examples include furniture and tools made by skilled artisans.

Master

An experienced artisan who owned a business and hired employees to carry out work.

Journeyman

Skilled worker who has completed an apprenticeship and is employed by a master.

Apprentice

Individual learning a trade or craft under the guidance of a master craftsman.

Strike

Work stoppage initiated to pressure employers into meeting specific demands from workers.

National Trades' Union

Formed in 1834, this coalition of labor unions sought to amplify workers' power and influence.

Amelia Bloomer

Advocate for women's rights and temperance who promoted more functional women’s clothing through her publication "The Lily."

Lucretia Mott

Quaker abolitionist who co-organized the first women’s rights convention in 1848 after facing discrimination at an anti-slavery event.

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Description

Explore the transformative period of the Second Great Awakening, a national religious revival that influenced various moral movements, including abolition and temperance. Learn about key figures like Charles Grandison Finney and Richard Allen, and the philosophical underpinnings from transcendentalism. Test your knowledge on the emotional revivals that characterized this era.