The Scientific Method and Its Components

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What term does Merton (1942) use to describe scientists' willingness to share their findings?

Communalism

Which term describes the approach to knowledge that relies on a systematic method of generating hypotheses, collecting data, and explaining the data?

The Scientific Method

Which behavior do some people believe doesn't require studying psychology, as they find it obvious?

Understanding Human Behavior

What aspect of the scientific method involves gathering and evaluating information in a careful, precise, and error-free manner?

<p>Accuracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does skepticism in the scientific method entail?

<p>Considering carefully and verifying findings repeatedly</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to obtaining information in a manner that is free from biases in the scientific method?

<p>Objectivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of pseudoscience claims mentioned in the text?

<p>Overstating their claims and using terms like 'proven' without providing supporting evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do individuals sometimes turn to pseudoscience according to the text?

<p>To address anxiety and seek hope through supernatural means</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of human cognition can lead to a susceptibility to pseudoscience?

<p>Tendency to perceive patterns in random stimuli (pareidolia)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes rational thinking from experiential thinking according to the text?

<p>Rational thinking is careful logical reasoning, while experiential thinking involves emotions and gut feelings</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might scientific illiteracy make individuals more susceptible to pseudoscience?

<p>Because it may prevent proper evaluation of pseudoscientific information</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of meaningful patterns perceived out of meaningless stimuli?

<p>Apophenia - finding connections between unrelated events</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for using emotions to evaluate information as being valid?

<p>Emotional reasoning fallacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fallacy promotes black or white reasoning?

<p>Either-Or fallacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason psychologists conduct research?

<p>To understand human behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is psychological research considered scientific?

<p>It follows a specific approach to evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

What misconception do some people have about immunity from errors in scientific method?

<p>They falsely think exposure to scientific method makes them error-proof</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of thinking would be most detrimental in psychological research?

<p>Bandwagon thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason psychologists conduct research?

<p>To further understand human behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fallacy promotes the use of black or white reasoning?

<p>Either-Or fallacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of pseudoscience can lead to animal deaths as mentioned in the text?

<p>Promoting ineffective animal treatments</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is pseudoscience considered dangerous according to the text?

<p>It costs consumers money without effective results</p> Signup and view all the answers

What misconception do individuals have when believing they are immune from errors in scientific method?

<p>Thinking they are error-proof due to scientific exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term does Merton (1942) use to encourage scientists to engage in disinterestedness?

<p>Communalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the scientific method, what essential component involves gathering and evaluating information in a careful, precise, and error-free manner?

<p>Accuracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the approach to knowledge that relies on systematically generating hypotheses, collecting data, and explaining the data?

<p>The Scientific Method</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do good scientists refrain from using terms like 'prove' in their research findings?

<p>To emphasize uncertainty</p> Signup and view all the answers

What behavior do good scientists exhibit when they change their views even when strongly held in the face of contrary evidence?

<p>Open-Mindedness</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to obtaining information in a manner that is free from biases in the scientific method?

<p>Objectivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main goals of distinguishing between scientific psychology and popular psychology?

<p>To prevent misinformation and ensure accurate psychological knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the responsibility of individuals when encountering pseudoscientific claims?

<p>To critically evaluate claims and identify imposters of science</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about pseudoscientific claims from the text?

<p>They often involve metaphysical concepts that cannot be scientifically measured</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is distinguishing between scientific and popular psychology essential according to the text?

<p>To ensure the public is not misinformed about psychological knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does scientific literacy play in reducing susceptibility to pseudoscience?

<p>It encourages individuals to question and critically evaluate scientific claims</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does distinguishing between scientific and popular psychology contribute to advancing psychological research?

<p>By ensuring that research is based on accurate scientific knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

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