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Questions and Answers
Who is considered the pioneer of scientific management?
Who is considered the pioneer of scientific management?
- Frederick Winslow Taylor (correct)
- Henry Fayol
- Max Weber
- Elton Mayo
Which theory of management analyzes and synthesizes workflows?
Which theory of management analyzes and synthesizes workflows?
- Contingency management
- Scientific management (correct)
- Human relations management
- Behavioral management
When did Taylor begin the development of scientific management?
When did Taylor begin the development of scientific management?
- 1880s (correct)
- 1890s
- 1910s
- 1900s
In which industry did scientific management have its peak of influence?
In which industry did scientific management have its peak of influence?
Although scientific management as a distinct theory was obsolete by the 1930s, what parts of it are still important today?
Although scientific management as a distinct theory was obsolete by the 1930s, what parts of it are still important today?
Which two individuals independently conceived the theory of evolution by natural selection in the mid-19th century?
Which two individuals independently conceived the theory of evolution by natural selection in the mid-19th century?
What are the two main evolutionary processes that act on genetic variation?
What are the two main evolutionary processes that act on genetic variation?
What is the primary outcome of the process of evolution?
What is the primary outcome of the process of evolution?
What observable facts about living organisms establish the theory of evolution by natural selection?
What observable facts about living organisms establish the theory of evolution by natural selection?
In which book did Charles Darwin first set out the theory of evolution by natural selection in detail?
In which book did Charles Darwin first set out the theory of evolution by natural selection in detail?
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Study Notes
Scientific Management
- Frederick Winslow Taylor is recognized as the pioneer of scientific management.
- Scientific management involves analyzing and synthesizing workflows to improve efficiency and productivity.
- Taylor began developing his concepts of scientific management in the 1880s.
- Scientific management reached its peak influence in the manufacturing industry, particularly in assembly line production.
- Despite becoming less distinct by the 1930s, aspects of scientific management, such as time and motion studies, remain relevant in modern management practices.
Theory of Evolution
- Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace independently conceived the theory of evolution by natural selection in the mid-19th century.
- Two main evolutionary processes influencing genetic variation are natural selection and genetic drift.
- The primary outcome of evolution is the adaptation of organisms to their environments over time through changes in inherited traits.
- Observable facts supporting the theory of evolution by natural selection include variations within species, the struggle for existence, and the survival of the fittest among individuals.
- Charles Darwin first presented the theory of evolution by natural selection in detail in his book "On the Origin of Species," published in 1859.
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