The Science of Smell
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Questions and Answers

Which term refers to the process by which the brain selects, organizes, and interprets sensations?

  • Absolute threshold
  • Perception (correct)
  • Sensation
  • Transduction

What is the minimum amount of stimulation needed for an observer to notice a stimulus called?

  • Absolute threshold (correct)
  • Weber's law
  • Just noticeable difference
  • Signal detection theory

What is the process by which sense organs gather information about the environment and transmit it to the brain called?

  • Just noticeable difference
  • Perception
  • Sensation (correct)
  • Transduction

What is the term for the lowest level of stimulation required to sense that a change in stimulation has occurred?

<p>Just noticeable difference (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle states that sensation and perception are active, not passive?

<p>Active perception principle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which sensory receptors respond to environmental stimuli and generate action potentials in adjacent sensory neurons?

<p>Transduction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Fechner’s law, how does the subjective experience of intensity grow as the physical magnitude of a stimulus grows?

<p>Arithmetically (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Stevens’ power law, how does subjective intensity grow as actual intensity grows?

<p>Exponentially (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is sensory adaptation?

<p>The tendency of sensory systems to respond less to stimuli that continue without change (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is subliminal perception?

<p>The tendency to perceive information outside our conscious awareness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells in the retina are responsible for vision in dim light?

<p>Rods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are cones most concentrated in the retina?

<p>Fovea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two processing streams involved in visual information flow from the primary visual cortex?

<p>'What' and 'Where' pathways (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is responsible for processing olfactory information?

<p>Frontal lobes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of taste receptors?

<p>Transduce chemical information into neural information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sense includes pressure, temperature, and pain?

<p>Touch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the primary touch center in the brain located?

<p>Somatosensory cortex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the gate-control theory, what influences the experience of pain?

<p>Central nervous system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the proprioceptive senses provide information about?

<p>Body's position and movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of depth perception?

<p>Organize perception in three dimensions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of processing starts 'at the top' and is influenced by the observer's expectations and knowledge?

<p>Top-down processing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe perceptual expectations created by experience with the environment?

<p>Perceptual set (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two aspects of perceptual set?

<p>Current context and schemas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which direction does perception proceed according to current thinking?

<p>In both directions simultaneously (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the enduring knowledge structures that shape perceptual interpretation called?

<p>Schemas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can influence perceptual interpretation, similar to expectations?

<p>Motives (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of processing starts 'at the bottom' and is based on sensory information?

<p>Bottom-up processing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe current context in perceptual set?

<p>Contextual bias (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the influence of motives on perceptual interpretation?

<p>Motivational bias (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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