Week1 Appetite
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Questions and Answers

Which organ in the digestive system is responsible for the breakdown of fats?

  • Large intestine
  • Mouth
  • Small intestine (correct)
  • Stomach

    • Which macromineral is often consumed in excess by most Westerners?

  • Calcium
  • Sodium (correct)
  • Phosphorus
  • Potassium

    • Which water-soluble vitamin is important for bone formation and hormonal control?

  • Vitamin K
  • Vitamin E
  • Vitamin A
  • Vitamin D (correct)

    • Which type of carbohydrate is found in honey and many fruits?

    <p>Fructose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of fats in the body?

    <p>Provide energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the digestive system is responsible for water reabsorption and compaction?

    <p>Large intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of protein can be synthesized by the body and is found in meat?

    <p>Non-essential proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which water-soluble vitamin is important for cell membrane integrity?

    <p>Vitamin E</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the human digestive system?

    <p>Extract nutrients from food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ in the digestive system receives digested matter from the small intestine?

    <p>Colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following has shaped our behaviour, physiology, and anatomy related to ingestion?

    <p>Bipedalism for predator detection and hunting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of our liking for junk food?

    <p>Hard wired for sugar and fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the reasons for our disposition to gain weight and not lose it?

    <p>Evolutionary forces related to ingestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is bipedalism important for predator detection and hunting?

    <p>Running</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some aspects of our anatomy that have been shaped by evolutionary forces related to ingestion?

    <p>Gut and teeth design, and face structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the developing world, how many people are malnourished and underweight?

    <p>1.2 billion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the western world, how many people are malnourished and underweight?

    <p>Not mentioned in the text</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why eating and drinking are essential to survival?

    <p>They provide necessary nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the liking of junk food?

    <p>Hard wired for sugar and fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the outcomes of evolutionary forces related to ingestion?

    <p>Disposition to gain weight and not lose it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a consequence of obesity?

    <p>Lowered IQ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most lethal psychiatric condition?

    <p>Anorexia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main metabolic pathways for generating energy?

    <p>Glycolysis and Kreb's cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which food constituent provides the highest amount of energy per gram?

    <p>Fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measure used to quantify energy in food?

    <p>Kilocalories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the food we consume goes towards maintaining the basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

    <p>70-80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the basal metabolic rate (BMR) affected by factors such as lactation, pregnancy, and physical fitness?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of food?

    <p>To provide energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended daily caloric intake for a 70kg man to maintain his basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

    <p>1680 Kcal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are energy needs calculated in most tables that report caloric intake?

    <p>Based on BMR and activity level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shaped by evolutionary forces related to ingestion?

    <p>Gut and teeth design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the liking of junk food?

    <p>Hard-wired for sugar and fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is bipedalism important for predator detection and hunting?

    <p>To run faster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of obesity?

    <p>Decreased quality of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of food?

    <p>To provide energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many people in the developing world are malnourished and underweight?

    <p>1.2 billion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measure used to quantify energy in food?

    <p>Calories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the reasons for our disposition to gain weight and not lose it?

    <p>Genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some aspects of our anatomy shaped by evolutionary forces related to ingestion?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why eating and drinking are essential to survival?

    <p>To nourish the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

    <p>To provide energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fat may increase bad cholesterol levels?

    <p>Saturated fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of proteins in the body?

    <p>Tissue maintenance and growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which water-soluble vitamin is important for blood clotting?

    <p>Vitamin K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which macromineral is often consumed in excess by most Westerners?

    <p>Sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ in the digestive system is responsible for breaking down fats?

    <p>Pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the large intestine in the digestive system?

    <p>Water reabsorption and compaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of water in the body?

    <p>To act as a medium for chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much water does the average person lose per day?

    <p>Around 2.2 liters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of water for maintaining water balance in the body?

    <p>Drinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method of generating energy in the body?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy content per gram of alcohol?

    <p>7 Kcal/g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in the body?

    <p>To provide chemical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the energy expended by the body at rest?

    <p>Basal metabolic rate (BMR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended daily caloric intake for a 70kg man to maintain his basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

    <p>2500 Kcal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measure used to quantify energy in food?

    <p>Kilocalories (Kcal)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the food we consume goes towards maintaining the basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

    <p>70-80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are energy needs calculated in most tables that report caloric intake?

    <p>Based on activity level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy content per gram of proteins and carbohydrates?

    <p>4 Kcal/g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that affects the basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

    <p>Muscle/fat bulk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Digestive System

    • The small intestine is responsible for breaking down fats.
    • The large intestine is responsible for water reabsorption and compaction.

    Macronutrients

    • Fats provide the highest amount of energy per gram (37 kJ/g).
    • The primary function of fats is energy storage and provision.
    • Carbohydrates are found in honey and many fruits, and provide energy for the body.
    • The primary function of proteins is to build and repair tissues in the body.

    Vitamins and Minerals

    • Vitamin D is important for bone formation and hormonal control.
    • Vitamin C is important for cell membrane integrity and blood clotting.
    • Calcium is a macromineral that is often consumed in excess by most Westerners.

    Energy and Metabolism

    • The measure used to quantify energy in food is kilojoules (kJ).
    • The basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the energy expended by the body at rest.
    • 60-70% of the food we consume goes towards maintaining the BMR.
    • Energy needs are calculated based on factors such as age, sex, weight, and physical activity.

    Evolution and Ingestion

    • Evolutionary forces related to ingestion have shaped our behavior, physiology, and anatomy.
    • Aspects of our anatomy shaped by evolutionary forces include bipedalism, which is important for predator detection and hunting.
    • One of the reasons for our disposition to gain weight and not lose it is due to evolutionary forces.

    Nutrition and Health

    • The main purpose of food is to provide energy and nutrients for survival.
    • Malnutrition is a significant problem worldwide, with 1 billion people in the developing world and 30% of people in the western world being malnourished and underweight.
    • The main consequence of obesity is an increased risk of chronic diseases.
    • The most lethal psychiatric condition is anorexia nervosa.

    Miscellaneous

    • The recommended daily caloric intake for a 70kg man to maintain his BMR is 2900 kJ.
    • The primary reason for the liking of junk food is due to evolutionary forces.
    • Water is essential for survival, and the average person loses 2-3 liters per day.
    • The main source of water for maintaining water balance in the body is from food and drinks.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the importance of feeding and drinking in our lives and how it has shaped our behavior, physiology, and anatomy. Explore evolutionary forces, color vision, cravings for junk food, weight gain tendencies, and more in this introductory quiz.

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