The Role of Proteins in the Human Body
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Questions and Answers

Which organelles give insight into the job that a cell specializes in?

  • Ribosomes (correct)
  • Mitochondria
  • Lysosomes
  • Golgi Apparatus
  • What is the process by which undifferentiated cells become specific types of cells with different functions?

  • Cell division
  • Homeostasis
  • Gene expression
  • Differentiation (correct)
  • Which phase of the cell cycle involves the splitting of the cytoplasm to form two identical daughter cells?

  • Interphase
  • Telophase
  • Mitosis (correct)
  • Anaphase
  • What is the purpose of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

    <p>To speed up reactions by lowering activation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for breaking down dead material and performing programmed cell death?

    <p>Lysosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is involved in making proteins and can be found on the surface of the Rough ER or floating in the cytoplasm?

    <p>Ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the mitochondria?

    <p>Perform cellular respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of carbohydrates?

    <p>Provide energy for the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living organisms?

    <p>Made of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the phospholipid bilayer in a cell?

    <p>Controls what goes in and out of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smallest part of an organism that is still capable of all of life’s processes?

    <p>Cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells are found in plants, animals, fungi, and protista?

    <p>Eukaryotic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of signaling involves molecules that bind to receptors located on the surface of the cell?

    <p>Endocrine signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net movement of water when a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution?

    <p>Water moves out of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of transport protein allows specific molecules like ions to pass through the cell membrane?

    <p>Channel protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about catalysts is true?

    <p>Biological catalysts are usually lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond is formed when a ligand binds to a receptor protein?

    <p>Hydrogen bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule serves as an intermediate between the receptor and the cascade of responses in signal transduction?

    <p>Second messenger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main mechanisms of signal transduction?

    <p>Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two possible responses triggered by signal transduction?

    <p>Ion channel opening and enzyme activity alteration</p> Signup and view all the answers

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