The Role of Proteins in the Human Body
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Questions and Answers

Which organelles give insight into the job that a cell specializes in?

  • Ribosomes (correct)
  • Mitochondria
  • Lysosomes
  • Golgi Apparatus

What is the process by which undifferentiated cells become specific types of cells with different functions?

  • Cell division
  • Homeostasis
  • Gene expression
  • Differentiation (correct)

Which phase of the cell cycle involves the splitting of the cytoplasm to form two identical daughter cells?

  • Interphase
  • Telophase
  • Mitosis (correct)
  • Anaphase

What is the purpose of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

<p>To speed up reactions by lowering activation energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for breaking down dead material and performing programmed cell death?

<p>Lysosome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is involved in making proteins and can be found on the surface of the Rough ER or floating in the cytoplasm?

<p>Ribosomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mitochondria?

<p>Perform cellular respiration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of carbohydrates?

<p>Provide energy for the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living organisms?

<p>Made of cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the phospholipid bilayer in a cell?

<p>Controls what goes in and out of the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the smallest part of an organism that is still capable of all of life’s processes?

<p>Cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells are found in plants, animals, fungi, and protista?

<p>Eukaryotic cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of signaling involves molecules that bind to receptors located on the surface of the cell?

<p>Endocrine signaling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the net movement of water when a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution?

<p>Water moves out of the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of transport protein allows specific molecules like ions to pass through the cell membrane?

<p>Channel protein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about catalysts is true?

<p>Biological catalysts are usually lipids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond is formed when a ligand binds to a receptor protein?

<p>Hydrogen bond (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule serves as an intermediate between the receptor and the cascade of responses in signal transduction?

<p>Second messenger (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main mechanisms of signal transduction?

<p>Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two possible responses triggered by signal transduction?

<p>Ion channel opening and enzyme activity alteration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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