The Roaring 20s Cultural Movements Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What was Executive Order 9066 primarily designed to do?

  • Permit the removal of individuals from designated military zones (correct)
  • Facilitate the relocation of all foreign nationals in the U.S.
  • Create new laws for Japanese American citizenship
  • Allow the U.S. to build military bases on the West Coast

What factors contributed to the internment of Japanese Americans after the attack on Pearl Harbor?

  • Recent immigration from Japan to the U.S.
  • Fear of disloyalty based on their ethnic background (correct)
  • Political pressure from Japanese government officials
  • Economic competition with local businesses

What conditions did Japanese Americans face in the internment camps?

  • Isolation but with strong community support systems
  • Overcrowded housing and harsh living conditions (correct)
  • A supportive community and recreational facilities
  • Spacious accommodations with full amenities

What was one significant impact of internment on Japanese American families?

<p>Loss of homes and businesses due to forced relocation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which military unit is notable for its service during World War II despite the internment of Japanese Americans?

<p>442nd Regimental Combat Team (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one criticism of the Federal Reserve's policies during the Depression?

<p>Raising interest rates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which policy is associated with restricting imports during the Great Depression?

<p>Protectionism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff of 1930?

<p>To increase tariffs on foreign goods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key feature of FDR's Fireside Chats?

<p>Informal radio addresses to the public (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a goal of the New Deal?

<p>Increased international cooperation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What economic theory advocates for government intervention during downturns?

<p>Keynesian Theory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) primarily aimed to provide which of the following?

<p>Jobs in natural resource conservation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Social Security Administration (SSA)?

<p>To establish a system of retirement pensions and welfare (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary focus of the Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s?

<p>Nativism and white supremacy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant economic event began on October 29, 1929?

<p>The Great Depression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does monetarist theory emphasize regarding economic control?

<p>The amount of money in circulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were 'Hoovervilles' during the Great Depression?

<p>Makeshift shanty towns built by homeless people (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 'Hundred Days' refers to what period in U.S. history?

<p>Franklin D. Roosevelt’s early presidency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characterized the fear during the Red Scare of the 1920s?

<p>Fear of radical leftist movements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were 'margin buying' practices primarily associated with?

<p>Investors taking loans to buy stocks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What ecological disaster affected farming regions of the Great Plains in the 1930s?

<p>Severe dust storms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the effect of Prohibition in the U.S. during the 1920s?

<p>It contributed to the rise of illegal activities such as speakeasies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artistic and cultural movement celebrated African American culture in the 1920s?

<p>The Harlem Renaissance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Fordism?

<p>Development of the assembly line and mass production. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Lost Generation?

<p>Writers disillusioned by World War I and critical of societal values. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Taylorism emphasize in factory management?

<p>Breaking down tasks into smaller steps for efficiency. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant consequence of the increasing availability of consumer credit in the 1920s?

<p>An increase in economic instability leading to the stock market crash. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are durable goods?

<p>Long-lasting products meant to endure several years. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main purposes of welfare capitalism?

<p>To provide incentives such as health benefits to prevent labor unrest. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the Works Progress Administration (WPA)?

<p>To offer jobs for the unemployed in public projects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nations was NOT part of the Axis Powers during WWII?

<p>France (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What military strategy characterized Nazi Germany's Blitzkrieg?

<p>Fast and surprise attacks using coordinated forces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Battle of Midway in June 1942?

<p>It turned the tide in the Pacific War in favor of the U.S. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event directly led to the United States entering World War II?

<p>The bombing of Pearl Harbor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the 'Cash & Carry' policy implemented by the U.S. during WWII?

<p>A way for countries at war to buy U.S. arms with cash only (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following battles is recognized as a major turning point in WWII?

<p>Battle of Stalingrad (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'internment' refer to during World War II?

<p>The forced relocation and imprisonment of specific groups (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Harlem Renaissance

A 1920s cultural movement celebrating African American art, music, literature, and intellect, primarily in Harlem, New York.

Jazz

A musical genre originating in New Orleans, reflecting the spirit of rebellion and innovation in the 1920s.

Prohibition

The 1920-1933 period where alcohol production, sale, and transport were banned in the U.S.

Speakeasies

Secret bars and clubs that served alcohol illegally during Prohibition.

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Fordism

Mass production techniques like assembly lines, pioneered by Henry Ford, leading to high wages.

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Consumer Credit

Loans enabling purchases on installment plans in the 1920s, promoting spending but also leading to instability.

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Lost Generation

Disillusioned American writers after WWI, critical of materialism and societal decay.

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Welfare Capitalism

A system where employers provide employee benefits like health insurance and pensions to prevent labor conflicts.

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KKK Resurgence

The Ku Klux Klan experienced a revival in the 1920s, gaining political power through nativism and white supremacy.

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Nativism

Favoring interests of native-born citizens over immigrants.

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Red Scare

Fear of communism and left-wing radicalism in the 1920s.

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Stock Market Crash of 1929

A sudden and massive drop in stock prices, marking the start of the Great Depression.

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Margin Buying

Investors borrowing money to buy stocks, making profits during good times, but risking everything during bad times.

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Hoovervilles

Shanty towns built by the homeless during the Great Depression.

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Monetarist Theory

Economic theory emphasizing government control of money supply to influence inflation and output.

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The Hundred Days

First three months of FDR's presidency, focused on programs to counter the Great Depression.

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Smoot-Hawley Tariff

A 1930 tariff that increased taxes on foreign goods, worsening international trade during the Great Depression.

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New Deal

FDR's programs to combat the Great Depression, featuring recovery, relief, and reform.

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Fireside Chats

FDR's informal radio addresses to reassure the public during the Great Depression.

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Bank Holiday

FDR's 1933 action closing banks to prevent runs and stabilize the financial system.

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Keynesian Theory

Economic theory advocating government spending and tax cuts to stimulate demand during downturns.

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Voluntarism

Philosophy encouraging businesses to maintain wages and jobs, rather than government intervention.

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Recovery, Relief, Reform

The three main objectives of the New Deal: economic restoration, immediate aid, and preventing future crises.

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FDR's New Deal Programs

Government programs like CCC, PWA, and SSA intended to address the Depression.

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WPA

A New Deal program providing jobs for the unemployed on public work projects.

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Fascism

A far-right, authoritarian political ideology emphasizing nationalism and dictatorial power.

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Axis Powers

The alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan in World War II.

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Blitzkrieg

Rapid military attack using coordinated forces like tanks and aircraft.

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Cash and Carry

US policy letting warring countries buy arms if they paid cash and transported them themselves.

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Pearl Harbor

Surprise attack by Japan on the US naval base in Hawaii in December 1941

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Island Hopping

Military strategy capturing key islands in the Pacific to advance towards Japan.

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Internment

Forced relocation and imprisonment of specific groups of people, particularly during wartime.

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Executive Order 9066

A 1942 order allowing the U.S. military to remove people from designated military zones, leading to the internment of Japanese Americans.

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Japanese American Internment

The forced relocation of approximately 120,000 Japanese Americans to camps during World War II.

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War Relocation Authority Camps

The camps where Japanese Americans were interned during WWII, often located in remote, harsh locations.

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Economic hardship for Japanese Americans

The internment of Japanese Americans resulted in significant financial losses due to the loss of homes and businesses.

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442nd Regimental Combat Team

A highly decorated U.S. Army unit composed primarily of Japanese Americans, serving during WWII.

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Study Notes

The Roaring 20s and Cultural Movements

  • Jazz originated in African American communities, symbolizing rebellion and innovation.
  • The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural movement in Harlem, New York, celebrating African American culture through art, music, and literature.
  • The Lost Generation was a group of American writers who were disillusioned by World War I, criticizing materialism.

Economic and Social Changes

  • Prohibition (1920-1933) banned alcohol in the U.S., leading to speakeasies and organized crime.
  • Speakeasies were hidden bars that required passwords to enter.
  • Fordism introduced mass production techniques, including assembly lines, and welfare capitalism, providing worker benefits.
  • Taylorism emphasized factory efficiency and productivity through task breakdown.
  • Consumer credit became widespread, increasing consumer spending but contributing to economic instability.
  • Consumer goods, such as radios, refrigerators, and automobiles, increased in production and consumption.

Political Movements and Economic Crisis

  • The KKK resurged in the 1920s, promoting nativism and white supremacy.
  • The Red Scare was a fear of communism and radicalism after World War I.
  • Monetarism focuses on controlling the money supply to influence national output and inflation.
  • The 1929 stock market crash triggered the Great Depression.
  • Margin buying, involving borrowing money to buy stocks, amplified risk during the boom.
  • Bank failures followed the stock market crash, causing widespread loss of savings.
  • "Hoovervilles" were makeshift shanty towns for the homeless during the Depression.

The Great Depression and the New Deal

  • The Hundred Days marked Franklin D. Roosevelt's initial reforms to address the Depression.
  • The Dust Bowl devastated farming regions due to drought and poor land management.
  • Interest rates and federal policies were criticized for worsening the economic downturn.

Protectionism and The New Deal

  • Protectionism involved restricting imports through tariffs, which reduced international trade and potentially worsened the Depression.
  • Voluntarism advocated for businesses to voluntarily maintain wages and employment, rather than relying on government intervention.
  • The New Deal was a series of programs created by FDR to address the Great Depression, promoting recovery, relief, and reform.
  • Fireside chats were informal radio addresses from FDR designed to reassure and connect with the public.
  • The bank holiday temporarily closed banks to restore confidence and stabilize the financial system.
  • Keynesian theory, pump priming, and deficit spending suggested government intervention in the economy to stimulate recovery.
  • Recovery, relief, and reform were the three main goals of the New Deal.

World War II and Pre-War Policies

  • Fascism was a far-right, authoritarian ideology, exemplified by Mussolini's Italy and Hitler's Germany.
  • The Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, Japan) fought against the Allied Powers (U.S., Soviet Union, UK).
  • Blitzkrieg was a German military strategy of fast, coordinated attacks.
  • "Cash and Carry" allowed countries to buy American arms as long as they paid cash and transported them themselves.
  • "Lend-Lease" provided military supplies to Allied nations without requiring immediate payment.
  • Pearl Harbor was a surprise Japanese attack that led the U.S. into World War II.
  • Key battles included the Coral Sea, Midway, and Stalingrad.
  • Island hopping was a U.S. strategy in the Pacific to capture islands closer to Japan.
  • The Battle of Britain was a significant air campaign against Germany.
  • The atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki led to Japan's surrender.

Japanese American Internment

  • Executive Order 9066 authorized the relocation of Japanese Americans in the U.S. to internment camps during WWII.
  • Living conditions in internment camps were harsh.
  • Public hostility, economic hardship, and significant social stigma impacted Japanese Americans during this period.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the cultural movements of the Roaring 20s, including jazz, the Harlem Renaissance, and the Lost Generation of writers. Explore how economic changes like Prohibition and Fordism shaped this vibrant era in American history.

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