30 Questions
Which of the following is a non-respiratory function of the respiratory system?
Regulation of acid-base status
What is the main purpose of the respiratory system?
To provide oxygen to the peripheral tissues
What is the process by which the body takes in oxygen and removes carbon dioxide?
Ventilation
Which division of the respiratory tract includes the trachea and bronchi?
Lower tract
What is the function of the nose in the respiratory system?
To cool and warm the inspired air
What is the role of the mucociliary system in the respiratory system?
To produce antimicrobial agents
Which of the following is a respiratory function of the respiratory system?
Gas exchange
What is the purpose of the alveoli in the respiratory system?
To facilitate gas exchange
What is the main function of the pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) in the respiratory system?
To lyse clots in pulmonary vessels
What is the purpose of the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood in the respiratory system?
To transport gases to and from the cells
Which type of epithelial cells in the alveolus occupies the majority of the surface area and is responsible for gas exchange?
Type I cells
What is the primary function of the bronchial circulation in the respiratory system?
Supply oxygenated blood to the conducting zone
What is the anatomical dead space in the respiratory system?
The area of the lung that does not participate in gas exchange
What is the function of the mucociliary system in the respiratory passages?
To keep the respiratory passages moist and trap small particles from reaching the alveoli
Which of the following is NOT a structural change that occurs in the airways from the trachea to the bronchi?
Decrease in length
What is the function of the respiratory zone in the lower respiratory tract?
Gas exchange between the lung and pulmonary capillaries
What is the role of type II epithelial cells in the alveolus?
Synthesize pulmonary surfactant and reduce surface tension
What is the function of the paranasal sinuses in the respiratory system?
Resonating chambers for speech
What is the role of the ciliated epithelium in the respiratory passages?
Beat at a frequency to move mucus towards the pharynx
What is the average diameter of an alveolus in the lungs?
0.2 millimeter
Which of the following is true about pulmonary circulation?
It is regulated by the autonomic nervous system
Which of the following is true about the autonomic nervous system's control of airway resistance?
Both norepinephrine and epinephrine cause dilation of the bronchial tree
Which receptor is responsible for the relaxation of airways (bronchodilation) in the adrenergic (sympathetic + adrenal gland) system?
β2-adrenoceptors
Which receptor is responsible for the constriction of airways (bronchoconstriction) in the cholinergic (parasympathetic or vagus) system?
M3 receptors
Which of the following is true about non adrenergic-non cholinergic (NANC) regulation of airways?
NANCe causes dilation of airways
What can stimulate the Vagus nerves to cause airway constriction and coughing?
All of the above
What is anatomical dead space?
Volume of air in the conducting airways
What is alveolar dead space?
Volume of air in the alveoli without blood flow
What is physiological dead space?
Sum of alveolar and anatomical dead space
Which of the following local secretory factors may cause bronchiolar constriction during allergic reactions?
Histamine
Test your knowledge on the basics of respiration and the respiratory function of the respiratory system. Learn about the important role of oxygen and carbon dioxide in energy production and metabolism. Explore how the body takes in oxygen and removes CO2 from the tissues.
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