Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was a primary characteristic of Renaissance art compared to Middle Ages art?
What was a primary characteristic of Renaissance art compared to Middle Ages art?
- Renaissance art was primarily created for public spaces.
- Renaissance art depicted human bodies in a more three-dimensional way. (correct)
- Renaissance art emphasized flat, two-dimensional shapes.
- Renaissance art was more focused on religious themes.
What philosophy do humanists primarily follow?
What philosophy do humanists primarily follow?
- A belief in studying human equality, interests, and potential. (correct)
- A focus on religious obedience and church loyalty.
- A philosophy centered around individual wealth and status.
- A philosophy that values divine intervention over human potential.
Who were the primary financial supporters of Renaissance artists?
Who were the primary financial supporters of Renaissance artists?
- Wealthy patrons, including merchants and the Catholic Church. (correct)
- Local governments exclusively.
- Common citizens seeking local art.
- Artistic guilds and associations.
Which of the following statements about the Catholic Church during the Renaissance is true?
Which of the following statements about the Catholic Church during the Renaissance is true?
What was one impact of the scientific revolution during the Renaissance?
What was one impact of the scientific revolution during the Renaissance?
Which of the following did NOT influence humanist thought?
Which of the following did NOT influence humanist thought?
What did civic humanists aim to do within their communities?
What did civic humanists aim to do within their communities?
What was a common misconception about the role of humanists during the Renaissance?
What was a common misconception about the role of humanists during the Renaissance?
What is one defining characteristic of a city-state?
What is one defining characteristic of a city-state?
What was the primary complaint Martin Luther had against the Catholic Church?
What was the primary complaint Martin Luther had against the Catholic Church?
What event triggered the start of the French Revolution?
What event triggered the start of the French Revolution?
Which factor contributed to the ability of ancient cities to thrive as centers of trade?
Which factor contributed to the ability of ancient cities to thrive as centers of trade?
What happened to Martin Luther at the Diet of Worms?
What happened to Martin Luther at the Diet of Worms?
Which of the following territories did Germany NOT colonize?
Which of the following territories did Germany NOT colonize?
Which climate condition was important for ancient cities to sustain agriculture?
Which climate condition was important for ancient cities to sustain agriculture?
Following World War I, what significant treaty affected Germany's colonies?
Following World War I, what significant treaty affected Germany's colonies?
What was the significance of July 14th in France?
What was the significance of July 14th in France?
What was a common practice for Martin Luther to distribute his ideas?
What was a common practice for Martin Luther to distribute his ideas?
Flashcards
The Renaissance
The Renaissance
A period in European history (1300s-1600s) marked by a renewed interest in classical Greek and Roman ideas, art, and learning.
Humanism
Humanism
A philosophical movement that emphasized human potential, individuality, and rational inquiry.
Humanists
Humanists
People who studied and promoted humanist ideals, including the value of human reason, education, and the arts.
Renaissance Art
Renaissance Art
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Patrons
Patrons
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Italian City-States
Italian City-States
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Scientific Revolution
Scientific Revolution
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The Catholic Church
The Catholic Church
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City-state
City-state
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Water access
Water access
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Safe transportation routes
Safe transportation routes
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Access to markets
Access to markets
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Good climate
Good climate
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Physical features for defense
Physical features for defense
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Government support for trade
Government support for trade
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Protestant Reformation
Protestant Reformation
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95 Theses
95 Theses
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Storming of the Bastille
Storming of the Bastille
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Study Notes
The Renaissance
- Period: 1300s to 1600s
- Characterized by a "rebirth" of classical (Ancient Greek/Roman) ideas.
- Shift in artistic perspective:
- Medieval art (2D) focused on separating humans from God.
- Renaissance art (3D) embraced the human form as beautiful.
- Decline in religious art emphasis relative to the Middle Ages.
- Humanism: A philosophy emphasizing human potential, interests, and welfare.
- Civic humanism: Focused on promoting good citizenry and relationships.
- Humanists found inspiration in classical knowledge.
- Humanists believed in self-discovery, curiosity, achievement, multiple talents, and celebration of God.
- Patrons (wealthy merchants, officials, Church) sponsored art.
- Art focused on human achievement, beauty, realism, the present world, and nature.
- Artistic techniques included light/shadow, texture, depth, and perspective.
- Scientific Revolution emerged.
- Church and science sometimes clashed.
- Key astronomers were Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo.
- The scientific method developed.
- Note: Some early scientific figures, like Galen, were incorrect.
Italian City-States
- Independent city-states with their own laws and government.
- Similar to modern-day city-states (examples include the Vatican City).
- Features like access to water, safe transport, markets, favourable climate, and physical defenses contributed to prosperity.
- Governments supported commerce.
The Protestant Reformation (1517)
- Martin Luther challenged the Catholic Church.
- He believed the Bible was the true guide.
- This belief stemmed from humanist thinking.
- Luther's 95 Theses criticized church practices (particularly indulgence sales).
- Indulgences: Religious acts seen as ways to atone for sins.
- Luther's actions sparked the Reformation.
- The Pope opposed Luther and banned his ideas.
- Luther was declared an outlaw and excommunicated.
- Key Events:
- Posting of the 95 Theses on a church door in Wittenberg.
- Diet of Worms: Luther's defense of his ideas.
The Storming of the Bastille (1789)
- Date: July 14, 1789.
- Location: Paris, France.
- The Bastille was a French prison and fortress.
- The event was triggered by hunger and tax increases, and fear of the king's actions against the people's leaders.
- The people attacked the fortress to get weapons and free prisoners.
- The storming of the Bastille marked the beginning of the French Revolution.
German Colonization
- Period: 1884- end of WWI.
- Areas colonized included: German East Africa (Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi), German Southwest Africa (Namibia), German West Africa (Cameroon, Togo), German New Guinea, islands in the Pacific (Marshall Islands, Caroline Islands, etc.), and Qingdao, China.
- These colonies were lost after WWI as a result of the Treaty of Versailles.
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