Questions and Answers
Why was King Louis XVI tried for treason?
He wanted France to lose its war against Austria and have his power restored.
After winning power, the Jacobins sought strong leadership to face overwhelming challenges by deciding to form what?
the Committee of Public Safety.
Although the National Assembly was made up of the Third Estate, no members wanted to keep the king involved in government.
False
For how many years did the Reign of Terror last?
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What was a positive result of the Reign of Terror?
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What was the major reason radicals were so angry?
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A person forced to leave his or her country is called what?
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What impact did the French Revolution have on the rest of Europe?
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What caused the abolishment of the French monarchy?
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What replaced the National Assembly?
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Who wanted a limited or constitutional monarchy?
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The revolution grew more violent mainly because radicals reacted to what?
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The National Convention benefited the people and the state by doing what?
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An old problem the National Assembly still faced was what?
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After winning power, the National Assembly faced what issue?
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Which two factions disagreed on the revolution's path?
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What happened after the Committee of Public Safety began to fall apart?
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What is the best description of the Conservatives?
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How long does the Reign of Terror last?
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When was the Reign of Terror?
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When did the Reign of Terror begin?
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When did the Reign of Terror end?
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How many people were killed during the Reign of Terror?
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What did the Jacobins set out to do?
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Who led the Reign of Terror?
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Revolutionary armies were sent out to bring control back to what?
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What happened to rebellious cities and armies?
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Did the revolutionary armies show mercy?
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What were ruthless ways to kill?
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How did revolutionary armies show no mercy?
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What is a grapeshot?
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Where was the place with the most violence during the revolution?
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What was the most violent revolutionary army versus rebellious city?
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How were people killed at Nantes?
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Where were people sunk by barges in a river?
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What percent of the victims were clergy and nobles?
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15% of the victims were what?
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Who promised that the violence and bloodshed was temporary?
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What did the National Convention and Committee of Public Safety promise?
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What was the Republic of Virtue?
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What was the first thing included in the Republic?
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Study Notes
King Louis XVI and Treason
- King Louis XVI was tried for treason due to his actions aimed at restoring his power, specifically his desire for France to lose its war against Austria.
Jacobins and Leadership
- Following their rise to power, the Jacobins established the Committee of Public Safety to address significant challenges.
National Assembly Dynamics
- Despite being comprised of the Third Estate, many National Assembly members preferred to retain a king in governance.
Duration of the Reign of Terror
- The Reign of Terror lasted for one year, from July 1793 to July 1794.
Political Rights Post-Terror
- A positive outcome of the Reign of Terror was the increased political rights and freedoms for ordinary citizens.
Radical Responses
- Radicals were primarily incensed by threats from Europe seeking to reinstate Louis XVI.
Exile Defined
- An exile refers to a person who is compelled to leave their native country.
French Revolution's European Impact
- The French Revolution prompted other European nations to engage in war against France.
Abolishment of Monarchy
- The French monarchy was abolished when radicals seized control of the National Convention.
Transition to National Convention
- The National Assembly was dissolved and succeeded by the National Convention.
Conservative Monarchy Support
- Conservatives favored a limited or constitutional monarchy during this period.
Violence and Economic Strain
- The revolution intensified in violence largely due to skyrocketing prices affecting the populace.
National Convention's Actions
- The National Convention seized church properties and redistributed them to benefit the people and the state.
Persistent Economic Issues
- The National Assembly struggled with enduring issues of escalating debt and poverty.
National Assembly's Discord
- Following their rise to power, the National Assembly faced internal disagreements on their objectives.
Conflict Between Factions
- Key factions at odds during the revolution included the Jacobins and the Conservatives.
Shift of Power
- After the decline of the Committee of Public Safety, power reverted to the National Convention.
Conservative Ideology
- Conservatives aimed to implement minimal changes within the revolutionary framework.
Timeline of the Reign of Terror
- The Reign of Terror occurred from July 1793 to July 1794, lasting one year.
Casualties During Terror
- Approximately 40,000 people lost their lives during the Reign of Terror.
Jacobin Objectives
- The Jacobins aimed to eliminate all opposition to their revolutionary agenda.
Leadership of the Reign of Terror
- Maximilien Robespierre was the prominent leader during the Reign of Terror.
Control of Rebellious Regions
- Revolutionary armies were dispatched to re-establish order in rebellious cities and regions.
Treatment of Rebellious Cities
- Revolutionary forces displayed a lack of mercy in dealing with rebellious cities, employing harsh measures.
Execution Methods
- Execution methods during the period included the guillotine and grapeshot.
Grapeshot Explained
- Grapeshot consists of a cluster of small iron balls, used as anti-personnel ammunition.
Violence in Nantes
- Nantes was identified as a city that witnessed a significant amount of violence during the revolutionary period.
Execution Methods in Nantes
- Individuals in Nantes were executed by being sunk on barges in the river.
Clergy and Nobility Casualties
- Fifteen percent of the total casualties during the Reign of Terror were clergy and nobles.
Promises Made by Authorities
- The National Convention and Committee of Public Safety assured the public that the violence would be temporary, promising a "Republic of Virtue" in the future.
Concept of Republic of Virtue
- The envisioned Republic of Virtue aimed to cultivate good citizens, implement dechristianization, abolish slavery, and promote education for all, although these plans were not universally enacted.
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