Questions and Answers
What was the main characteristic of the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution?
Mass executions, repression, and fear
What was the estimated number of people executed during the Reign of Terror?
16,000 to 40,000
What was the name of the code implemented by Napoleon Bonaparte during his rule?
The Napoleonic Code
What was the outcome of the spread of revolutionary ideas and principles across Europe after the French Revolution?
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What was the significance of the Tennis Court Oath taken by the National Assembly in 1789?
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What was the main reason for the financial crisis that contributed to the French Revolution?
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What was the influence of the American Revolution on the French Revolution?
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What was the outcome of the failure of the Estates-General to address the financial crisis and reform the government?
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Who led the Committee of Public Safety during the Reign of Terror?
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What was the significance of the year 1815 in the context of the French Revolution and Napoleon's rule?
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Study Notes
Reign of Terror
- Period of violence and radical change during the French Revolution (1793-1794)
- Characterized by mass executions, repression, and fear
- Led by Maximilien Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety
- Estimated 16,000 to 40,000 people executed by guillotine or other means
- Targeted perceived enemies of the revolution, including aristocrats, clergy, and common citizens
- Ended with the fall of Robespierre and the Thermidorian Reaction (July 1794)
Impact on Europe
- Spread of revolutionary ideas and principles across Europe
- Inspired similar movements and uprisings in other countries
- Led to the reorganization of Europe through the Congress of Vienna (1815)
- Contributed to the rise of liberalism, nationalism, and democracy
- Weakened the feudal system and absolute monarchies
- Redrew the European map with the creation of new nations and borders
Rise of Napoleon
- Napoleon Bonaparte rose to power during the French Revolution
- Seized control of the French government in the coup d'état of 18 Brumaire (1799)
- Became Emperor of France (1804) and dominated European politics for over a decade
- Implemented reforms, such as the Napoleonic Code, and centralized power
- Expanded French territories through military conquests and reorganized Europe
- Defeated at the Battle of Waterloo (1815) and exiled to Saint Helena
National Assembly
- Formed in 1789, during the early stages of the French Revolution
- Comprised of representatives from the Third Estate (commoners) and some members of the nobility and clergy
- Adopted the Tennis Court Oath, pledging to continue their work on a new constitution
- Issued the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (1789)
- Reorganized France into a constitutional monarchy and established the Legislative Assembly (1791)
Causes of the Revolution
- Financial crisis and burden of taxation on the common people
- Social inequality and privilege of the nobility and clergy
- Enlightenment ideas and the spread of revolutionary philosophies
- Food shortages and poverty among the population
- Weak and ineffective leadership of King Louis XVI
- The American Revolution's influence and inspiration
- The Estates-General's failure to address the financial crisis and reform the government
Reign of Terror
- Lasted from 1793 to 1794 and was a period of violence and radical change during the French Revolution
- Characterized by mass executions, repression, and fear, resulting in an estimated 16,000 to 40,000 executions
- Led by Maximilien Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety, who targeted perceived enemies of the revolution, including aristocrats, clergy, and common citizens
- executions were carried out by guillotine or other means
- Ended with the fall of Robespierre and the Thermidorian Reaction in July 1794
Impact on Europe
- Spread revolutionary ideas and principles across Europe, inspiring similar movements and uprisings in other countries
- Led to the reorganization of Europe through the Congress of Vienna in 1815
- Contributed to the rise of liberalism, nationalism, and democracy
- Weakened the feudal system and absolute monarchies, and redrew the European map with the creation of new nations and borders
Rise of Napoleon
- Napoleon Bonaparte rose to power during the French Revolution after seizing control of the French government in the coup d'état of 18 Brumaire in 1799
- Became Emperor of France in 1804 and dominated European politics for over a decade
- Implemented reforms, such as the Napoleonic Code, and centralized power
- Expanded French territories through military conquests and reorganized Europe
- Defeated at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 and exiled to Saint Helena
National Assembly
- Formed in 1789 during the early stages of the French Revolution
- Comprised of representatives from the Third Estate (commoners) and some members of the nobility and clergy
- Adopted the Tennis Court Oath, pledging to continue their work on a new constitution
- Issued the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen in 1789
- Reorganized France into a constitutional monarchy and established the Legislative Assembly in 1791
Causes of the Revolution
- Financial crisis and burden of taxation on the common people
- Social inequality and privilege of the nobility and clergy
- Enlightenment ideas and the spread of revolutionary philosophies
- Food shortages and poverty among the population
- Weak and ineffective leadership of King Louis XVI
- The American Revolution's influence and inspiration
- The Estates-General's failure to address the financial crisis and reform the government
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Description
Learn about the period of violence and radical change during the French Revolution, led by Maximilien Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety.
