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Questions and Answers
Which factor primarily enabled the rapid dissemination of Martin Luther's ideas during the Reformation?
Which factor primarily enabled the rapid dissemination of Martin Luther's ideas during the Reformation?
- The convening of the Council of Trent.
- The invention of the printing press. (correct)
- The establishment of the Jesuit order.
- The Peace of Augsburg.
What was the central theological argument put forth by Martin Luther that challenged the Catholic Church's doctrine?
What was the central theological argument put forth by Martin Luther that challenged the Catholic Church's doctrine?
- The necessity of papal authority for interpreting scripture.
- Justification by faith alone. (correct)
- The significance of indulgences in obtaining forgiveness.
- The importance of good works for salvation.
The Edict of Worms declared Martin Luther an outlaw, but he was protected afterwards by which of the following?
The Edict of Worms declared Martin Luther an outlaw, but he was protected afterwards by which of the following?
- Emperor Charles V.
- Pope Leo X.
- King Henry VIII of England.
- Frederick the Wise. (correct)
How did the Peace of Augsburg attempt to resolve the religious conflicts in the Holy Roman Empire?
How did the Peace of Augsburg attempt to resolve the religious conflicts in the Holy Roman Empire?
What was the main purpose of the Council of Trent during the Counter-Reformation?
What was the main purpose of the Council of Trent during the Counter-Reformation?
Which of the following was a long-term cause of the Reformation, indicating a shift in cultural and intellectual values?
Which of the following was a long-term cause of the Reformation, indicating a shift in cultural and intellectual values?
How did Martin Luther's translation of the Bible into German affect the spread of Protestantism?
How did Martin Luther's translation of the Bible into German affect the spread of Protestantism?
Why did many German people support Martin Luther's movement?
Why did many German people support Martin Luther's movement?
Which of the following best describes the role of propaganda in the spread of Lutheranism?
Which of the following best describes the role of propaganda in the spread of Lutheranism?
Which of the following was a direct consequence of the Reformation?
Which of the following was a direct consequence of the Reformation?
Flashcards
Long-Term Causes of the Reformation
Long-Term Causes of the Reformation
Accumulation of wealth, Renaissance influence, Church abuses, rising monarch power, and the printing press fueled the desire for change.
Martin Luther's Role
Martin Luther's Role
An Augustinian monk who believed faith alone could lead to salvation and criticized the sale of indulgences.
The Pope's Response to Luther
The Pope's Response to Luther
Luther was initially met by Cardinal Cajetan, engaged in public debate with John Eck, and ultimately excommunicated by the Pope.
Diet of Worms and Aftermath
Diet of Worms and Aftermath
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Spread of Lutheranism
Spread of Lutheranism
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Peace of Augsburg
Peace of Augsburg
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Consequences of the Reformation
Consequences of the Reformation
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Catholic Counter-Reformation
Catholic Counter-Reformation
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Study Notes
- The Reformation had long-term causes, including the Catholic Church's wealth, the Renaissance's influence, abuses within the Catholic Church, the power of kings and princes, and the printing press.
- A short-term cause of the Reformation was Martin Luther's role.
- Martin Luther was an Augustinian monk.
- Luther believed that only faith in God could lead to salvation.
- Luther criticized the sale of indulgences by John Tetzel.
- Luther published his 95 Theses, which criticized the Catholic Church.
- Cardinal Cajetan met with Luther in response to the Theses.
- Luther had a public debate with John Eck.
- The Pope excommunicated Luther.
- Luther burned the papal bull (letter).
- Emperor Charles V summoned Luther to the Diet of Worms.
- Diet of Worms was a parliament.
- Luther refused to retract his teachings at the Diet of Worms.
- The Edict of Worms ordered Luther's arrest.
- Frederick the Wise protected Luther in Wartburg Castle.
- While in Wartburg Castle, Luther translated the Bible into German.
- Lutheranism spread because Germans were angry about money going to Rome.
- They complained about abuses in the Catholic Church.
- Luther used propaganda to spread his ideas and was backed by some princes.
- The Confession of Augsburg is a statement of Lutheran teachings.
- Luther died before war broke out between Catholic and Protestant princes.
- The Peace of Augsburg ended the war, allowing princes to choose their state's religion.
- The Reformation led to other reformers such as Calvin, Henry VIII, and Elizabeth I.
- It instigated the Catholic Counter-Reformation, including the Council of Trent, new religious orders like the Jesuits, and the Inquisition.
- The Reformation caused divisions within Christianity.
- The Reformation resulted in religious wars in Germany, France, the Thirty Years' War and the English Civil War.
- It had an impact on churches and architecture.
- It promoted education.
- Luther's influence is still seen today.
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