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Questions and Answers
What principle did the Puritans in Massachusetts Bay strongly reject?
What was Roger Williams' stance that led to his banishment from Massachusetts Bay?
Which settlement was founded by Roger Williams after his banishment?
What type of thinkers was Rhode Island known for accommodating?
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What actions led to Anne Hutchinson's banishment from Massachusetts Bay?
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What tragic event befell Anne Hutchinson and most of her family?
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Which Puritan ideology primarily justified their lack of religious tolerance?
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What was a characteristic of the governance in Massachusetts Bay Colony?
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What role did Squanto play in the early interactions between Native Americans and the Pilgrims?
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What was the significance of the Mayflower Compact?
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What prompted the establishment of the Plymouth Colony?
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What was a primary reason that settlers migrated to the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
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Which beliefs were central to the Puritan migration experience?
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What was one consequence of the establishment of the New Haven Colony?
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How did the geography of Massachusetts Bay impact its settlements?
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In which aspect did the Fundamental Orders of 1638 differ from governance in Massachusetts Bay?
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What was the purpose of the Mayflower voyage undertaken by the Pilgrims?
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Which document, created by the Pilgrims, established a framework for self-governance?
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What was the primary reason the Pilgrims originally intended to settle in Virginia?
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How did the Pilgrims end up landing at Cape Cod instead of their intended destination?
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What was a significant challenge faced by the Pilgrims upon their arrival in New England?
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Which of the following best describes the beliefs of the Puritans who migrated to America?
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What role did Squanto play in the newly established Plymouth Colony?
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What was the primary reason that the Massachusetts Bay Colony was established?
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Study Notes
The Puritans and Religious Freedom
- The Puritans who settled Massachusetts Bay believed in their own version of God’s truth and thought all people should agree with them, those who disagreed were given the choice to leave Massachusetts.
- Roger Williams, a minister who disagreed with the Puritan’s interpretation of the truth, was banished from Massachusetts.
- Williams settled in Narragansett Bay where he purchased land from the Indians and founded what is now known as Rhode Island.
- Anne Hutchinson, a woman who held meetings in her home to discuss the preacher’s sermons and share her ideas about religious doctrines, was banished from Massachusetts for her outspoken religious beliefs.
- Hutchinson moved to Rhode Island and later settled in New York where she was killed by Indians along with all but one member of her household.
Early Settlers and Religious Freedom in America
- The Pilgrims were a group of Separatists who left England looking for religious freedom, they were granted permission to settle in Virginia by the London Company.
- After a seven week voyage, the Mayflower landed at Cape Cod on December 21, 1620, the harsh winter conditions made it challenging for the early settlers.
- The Pilgrims had no legal right to the land, they needed a patent or land grant to own the land, but settled there instead.
- In order to maintain control over their citizens, kings and queens of England insisted that their subjects maintain the established religion.
- James I of England declared that subjects who disobeyed religious rules would be punished.
- The Mayflower Compact established the framework for the independent governance of the Plymouth colony.
Early Colonies and Governance
- The Connecticut settlers adopted the Fundamental Orders in 1639.
- The Fundamental Orders were a framework for self-government with a governor, a legislative assembly, and courts.
- Voting was limited to male property owners.
- The Fundamental Orders remained the basis of Connecticut's government for many years after it became a state.
- The New Haven Colony was established by settlers from Massachusetts seeking more religious freedom.
- The New Haven Colony attracted wealthy settlers, though it faced challenges due to a shallow harbor and limited land for producing goods.
- The New Haven Colony eventually became part of Connecticut in 1664.
- Some settlers from Massachusetts expanded north into New Hampshire which became a royal province in 1679.
- Settlers also established settlements in Maine, though it remained a province of Massachusetts until 1820.
Key Individuals
- The Pilgrims, a group of Separatists, were led by William Bradford who became the governor of Plymouth.
- Squanto helped the Pilgrims with farming and navigating their new environment.
- John Winthrop was one of the main leaders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
- Roger Williams was banished from Massachusetts for his religious beliefs and founded Rhode Island.
- Anne Hutchinson was a prominent figure in the religious debates of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Important Locations
- Cape Cod, Plymouth, Rhode Island, Hartford, New Haven.
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Description
Explore the beliefs and actions of the Puritans who settled Massachusetts Bay and their impact on religious freedom in early America. Learn about key figures like Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson, who challenged the prevailing religious norms. This quiz will test your knowledge of their journeys and contributions to the concept of religious liberty.
