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Questions and Answers
What arrangement principle did Henry Moseley introduce for the modern periodic table?
What arrangement principle did Henry Moseley introduce for the modern periodic table?
Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner grouped elements only by their atomic number.
Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner grouped elements only by their atomic number.
False
Who is known as the Father of the Periodic Table?
Who is known as the Father of the Periodic Table?
Dmitri Mendeleev
The vertical columns in the periodic table are known as ______.
The vertical columns in the periodic table are known as ______.
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Match the following Families of elements with their corresponding group number:
Match the following Families of elements with their corresponding group number:
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Study Notes
The Periodic Table
- A tabular arrangement of chemical elements, organized by increasing atomic number.
Historical Development
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1817: Döbereiner's Law of Triads
- Elements grouped in sets of three (triads) with similar properties.
- The average atomic mass of the first and third element approximates the atomic mass of the second element.
- Example: Lithium, sodium, potassium.
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1865: Newlands' Law of Octaves
- Elements with similar properties recur every eight elements when arranged by increasing atomic mass.
- This pattern held true up to calcium (Ca).
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1869: Mendeleev's Periodic Table
- Created the first periodic table arrangement by increasing atomic mass.
- Included gaps for undiscovered elements.
- Considered the "Father of the Periodic Table."
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1913: Moseley's Periodic Table
- Modified the table using atomic number, not atomic mass.
- Recognized that chemical and physical properties vary with increasing atomic number.
Parts and Features
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Periods:
- Horizontal rows.
- Seven periods.
-
Groups/Families:
- Vertical columns.
- Eighteen families.
- Divided into families A (representative elements) and B (transition metals).
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Family A (Representative Elements):
- 1A: Alkali Metals
- 2A: Alkaline Earth Metals
- 3A: Boron Group
- 4A: Carbon Group
- 5A: Nitrogen Group/Pnictogens
- 6A: Oxygen Group/Chalcogens
- 7A: Halogens
- 8A: Noble Gases
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Types of Chemical Elements:
- Oxidation State: Describes the possible charges of an element in a chemical compound.
- Valence Electrons: Electrons involved in chemical bonding.
- Blocks: Areas of the periodic table associated with specific electron configurations.
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Description
Explore the historical development of the periodic table, from Döbereiner's Law of Triads to Moseley's modifications. This quiz covers key milestones in how elements were organized by their properties and atomic structure. Test your knowledge about the contributions of various scientists to this fundamental concept in chemistry.
