Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the central nervous system?
What is the central nervous system?
Brain and Spinal Cord
What is the peripheral nervous system?
What is the peripheral nervous system?
All parts of the nervous system that aren't Brain and Spinal Cord
Which part of the nervous system includes nerves?
Which part of the nervous system includes nerves?
The Peripheral Nervous System
Which part of the nervous system acts as a control center?
Which part of the nervous system acts as a control center?
Which part of the nervous system includes your brain and spinal cord?
Which part of the nervous system includes your brain and spinal cord?
Which part of the nervous system connects all areas of your body to the brain and spinal cord?
Which part of the nervous system connects all areas of your body to the brain and spinal cord?
What are nerve cells specialized to receive and conduct?
What are nerve cells specialized to receive and conduct?
What are electrical messages that may travel at speeds between 150 m/s and 0.2 m/s?
What are electrical messages that may travel at speeds between 150 m/s and 0.2 m/s?
What allows neurons to receive information?
What allows neurons to receive information?
What is a long fiber that transmits information to other cells?
What is a long fiber that transmits information to other cells?
What contains cell organelles and the nucleus?
What contains cell organelles and the nucleus?
What is the tip of each branch of an axon called?
What is the tip of each branch of an axon called?
What are specialized nerve endings on sensory neurons that detect changes inside and outside the body called?
What are specialized nerve endings on sensory neurons that detect changes inside and outside the body called?
What are neurons that send impulses from the brain and spinal cord to other systems called?
What are neurons that send impulses from the brain and spinal cord to other systems called?
What do nerves not contain?
What do nerves not contain?
Nerves may contain the axons of both ___ and ___ neurons.
Nerves may contain the axons of both ___ and ___ neurons.
What are the parts of the peripheral nervous system?
What are the parts of the peripheral nervous system?
What part of the peripheral nervous system is composed of the somatic and autonomic nervous systems?
What part of the peripheral nervous system is composed of the somatic and autonomic nervous systems?
What is under your conscious control?
What is under your conscious control?
What controls digestion and heart rate?
What controls digestion and heart rate?
What is composed of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?
What is composed of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?
What is used for writing, talking, and other voluntary movements?
What is used for writing, talking, and other voluntary movements?
What maintains a stable internal environment?
What maintains a stable internal environment?
What is the largest organ of the central nervous system?
What is the largest organ of the central nervous system?
Is digestion voluntary or involuntary?
Is digestion voluntary or involuntary?
Is moving your arm voluntary or involuntary?
Is moving your arm voluntary or involuntary?
Are body processes that happen automatically voluntary or involuntary?
Are body processes that happen automatically voluntary or involuntary?
What are the three connected parts of the brain?
What are the three connected parts of the brain?
Where are most memories stored?
Where are most memories stored?
Which hemisphere of the cerebrum controls the right hand?
Which hemisphere of the cerebrum controls the right hand?
Which part of the brain keeps track of your body's position?
Which part of the brain keeps track of your body's position?
What are your body's involuntary processes controlled by?
What are your body's involuntary processes controlled by?
What is the spinal cord protected by?
What is the spinal cord protected by?
What is the spinal cord made of?
What is the spinal cord made of?
What do nerve fibers in your spinal cord allow your brain to communicate with?
What do nerve fibers in your spinal cord allow your brain to communicate with?
A spinal cord injury may block all information to and from the?
A spinal cord injury may block all information to and from the?
What is the possible effect of a spinal cord injury?
What is the possible effect of a spinal cord injury?
What are two ways to help prevent spinal cord injuries?
What are two ways to help prevent spinal cord injuries?
Study Notes
Nervous System Overview
- Central Nervous System (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord, acting as the control center.
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) includes all nerves not found in the CNS, connecting body parts to the brain and spinal cord.
Neurons and Impulses
- Neurons are specialized nerve cells that receive and conduct electrical impulses.
- Impulses are electrical messages that can travel at speeds of 150 m/s or as slowly as 0.2 m/s.
- Dendrites allow neurons to receive information; axons transmit information to other cells.
- Cell bodies contain organelles and the nucleus, supporting neuron function.
- Axon terminals are the tips of axons where neurotransmission occurs.
Types of Neurons
- Motor neurons send impulses from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands.
- Sensory neurons transmit impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS.
- Nerves contain axons from both sensory and motor neurons.
- Receptors are specialized nerve endings in sensory neurons that detect environmental changes.
Peripheral Nervous System Components
- The PNS comprises sensory and motor neurons.
- The motor part of the PNS includes the Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems.
- The Somatic Nervous System controls voluntary actions like writing and talking.
- The Autonomic Nervous System regulates involuntary processes such as digestion and heart rate.
- Homeostasis is maintained by the Autonomic Nervous System, which balances sympathetic and parasympathetic responses.
Brain Structure and Function
- The brain is the largest organ of the CNS, crucial for processing and memory storage.
- The cerebrum is responsible for most memories and higher cognitive functions.
- The left hemisphere of the cerebrum controls movements of the right hand.
- The cerebellum monitors body position and coordination, while the medulla controls involuntary processes.
Spinal Cord Details
- The spinal cord, protected by vertebrae, is composed of neurons and axon bundles.
- It facilitates communication between the brain and the PNS.
- Spinal cord injuries can block communication pathways, potentially halting sensory impulses from the lower body.
Prevention and Effects of Injuries
- To prevent spinal cord injuries, wearing seat belts and proper sports equipment are recommended.
- Spinal cord injuries can lead to loss of sensory information or motor function, notably affecting the legs and feet.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the nervous system with these flashcards covering the central and peripheral nervous systems. Each card provides definitions and key concepts that are essential for understanding how our body's nervous system functions. Perfect for students studying biology or health sciences.
