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The Natives' Land Act of 1913
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The Natives' Land Act of 1913

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Questions and Answers

What is the significance of the term 'pariah' in the context of the quote?

  • It describes someone who is an outcast. (correct)
  • It represents a privileged position.
  • It indicates a position of strength.
  • It signifies a state of being a slave.

    • When did the South African Native realize his condition as a pariah?

  • In September 1913.
  • End of June 1913. (correct)
  • Beginning of June 1913.
  • At the time of the land act's passage.

    • What was one of the outcomes of the Natives' Land Act as discussed in the content?

  • It empowered the natives by granting them equal land rights.
  • It encouraged natives to become landowners.
  • It improved the economic conditions of the natives.
  • It caused many evicted tenants to move to cities and Protectorates. (correct)

    • Who compiled the list of people suffering from the Natives' Land Act?

    <p>Mr. Msimang.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was emphasized about the relationship between man and land by Plaatje?

    <p>The land act sought to make the peasant dependent on a master.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which newspapers provided significant information for the chapters discussed?

    <p>Native Press and Dutch newspapers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the quotation 'man makes his own history' imply according to Marx's perspective mentioned?

    <p>Man creates history under specific circumstances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key theme in the discussion on the Natives’ Land Act?

    <p>The Act disrupted lives and made natives pariahs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What motivated the compilation of the list of sufferings from the Natives' Land Act?

    <p>To document the negative impacts of the Act.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one impact of dispossession according to the provided content?

    <p>It leads to loss of a place to call home.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the sangoma play in relation to the spirits of the dead?

    <p>They freed the spirit of the dead from earthly bounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do white liberals perceive black individuals according to the content?

    <p>As individuals needing assistance and aid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What analytical tool does Mbuso theorize with the concept of the eye?

    <p>To evaluate representations and ethics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic describes the graves identified in the context?

    <p>They are unmarked and without identity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of violence as mentioned in the content?

    <p>It is intertwined with the experience of dispossession.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does dispossession primarily create according to the content?

    <p>The burden of not belonging to the land</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Kgobadi family's experience of land relate to their spirituality?

    <p>They looked at land through an eschatological gaze.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many black South Africans were identified as squatters on European-owned farms?

    <p>Over a million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the main restrictions placed on black South Africans regarding land ownership?

    <p>Only white men had the right to ownership.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What consequence does the law impose on those who trespass on land?

    <p>They are defined as criminals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the 'ontological nowhere' of the farm laborer?

    <p>They lose their identity and humanity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who did Parliament not have representing them?

    <p>Black people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the act state about providing accommodation to a landless native?

    <p>It was forbidden under penalty of imprisonment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a limitation placed on native land ownership in the Free State?

    <p>Natives could only sell land to white people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the metaphor of the eye symbolize in the context of land ownership?

    <p>Authority and control of the farmer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the status of native locations reserved for black clans?

    <p>They were inalienable and could not be sold in normal circumstances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Afrikaner nationalism refer to in the context of the content?

    <p>The focus on poverty among Dutch whites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by the phrase 'the dead demand freedom'?

    <p>Spiritual connections to land must be respected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the approximate proportion of land available for purchase by black South Africans?

    <p>One eighth of the Union</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one perceived role of General Hertzog in relation to the native population?

    <p>To fix issues related to the natives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What theme is represented through the experience of dispossession?

    <p>Hope and denial intertwined</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did the act have on squatters who relied on land for grazing?

    <p>It severely limited their options and rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following roles are mentioned as agents concerning spiritual views on land?

    <p>Sangomas and diviners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who did the voting rights in Union Parliament predominantly favor?

    <p>White men only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the irony associated with the law regarding knowledge of its implementation?

    <p>Only black people knew about the law and how to implement it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hypothesis was presented regarding the focus on the poor whites?

    <p>Addressing their issues would eliminate all racial problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What societal issue is highlighted through the reference to the Dutch and English distinction?

    <p>Historical nuances of land ownership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did members of Parliament lack concerning the black races?

    <p>The ability to vote.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about renting land by natives in South Africa is true?

    <p>Some provinces allowed renting while others did not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action did Hertzog take to influence farmers regarding natives?

    <p>Educated them about the risks of allowing natives to use their land.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized about the past, present, and future concerning dispossession?

    <p>They collectively shape the experience of loss.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a notable concern of Botha regarding the socio-political climate?

    <p>The instability affecting the white population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many whites were allocated land when the land was passed?

    <p>1.5 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the new responsibilities of the Union Parliament?

    <p>To address grievances concerning the poor whites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a characteristic of the members of Parliament who voted for certain measures?

    <p>They had no responsibility toward black races.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Natives' Land Act

    • The Natives’ Land Act of 1913 was a significant turning point in South African history, turning the country's native population (4.5 million black South Africans) into pariahs in their own land.
    • The act drastically limited land ownership for black South Africans, effectively restricting them to small, designated areas, representing only 1/18th of the total Union land.
    • The law rendered the indigenous people squatters on land owned by Europeans, making them dependent on white landowners for survival.
    • The impact of the act extended beyond land ownership, creating a deep sense of dispossession and ontological nowhere.

    Squatter Rights & Land Ownership

    • The act made it illegal to provide landless Natives with accommodation, imposing a £100 fine or six months' imprisonment.
    • While native locations were reserved for specific clans and deemed inalienable, the act stated that Natives could only buy land within these areas further marginalizing the black population.

    Impact on Political Representation

    • The Natives’ Land Act was passed by a Parliament representing solely white men, who had no responsibility towards the black races.
    • This lack of political representation meant that the concerns and needs of the black population were not considered in the law-making process.

    The "Poor White" Problem

    • The Act was presented as a solution to the "poor white" problem, which was an issue of economic disparity affecting certain white communities who spoke Dutch.
    • However, the focus of the act was primarily on dispossessing Black people, rather than addressing the underlying causes of poverty amongst the Dutch-speaking white population.

    Afrikaner Nationalism & Dispossession

    • The act contributed to the rise of Afrikaner nationalism, with General Hertzog (Minister of Native Affairs) utilizing the law to further his political agenda.
    • This political strategy attempted to address the "Poor White" problem through the dispossession of Natives, consolidating white power and control.

    Spiritual Impact & Eschatological Gaze

    • The text highlights a spiritual dimension to Native dispossession, with land representing not just economic resource but a home, a place of belonging, and a connection to ancestors.
    • The act’s devastating impact on the Natives' relationship with the land created a sense of estrangement, disrupting a deep-rooted spiritual connection and denying them the right to burial on their ancestral lands.

    The Farmer’s Eye & Dispossession

    • The text employs the motif of the "farmer’s eye" as a tool for analysis, highlighting the power dynamics between white farmers and Native laborers.
    • The farmer’s eye represents authority and control, shaping the Natives’ reality as ontologically nowhere, stripped of their identity and agency.
    • Resistance against the farmer’s control is met with violence and criminalization, reinforcing the inherent injustice of the situation.

    White Liberals & Misrecognition

    • The text critiques white liberals, arguing that they fail to understand the true depth of native dispossession.
    • They are socialized to see black people as perpetually in need of their aid, perpetuating a paternalistic and misinformed perspective.

    The Role of the Sangoma

    • The text emphasizes the significance of the Sangoma (traditional healer) in Native culture, acknowledging their unique connection to the spirit world and their role in interpreting the trauma of dispossession.
    • The Sangoma sees the spiritual implications of dispossession, recognizing the need to free the spirits of the dead and uphold their connection to the land.

    Eschetological Gaze (Spiritual Perspective)

    • The text utilizes the term "eschatological gaze" to highlight the spiritual lens through which Natives perceived their dispossession.
    • This perspective integrates the past (ancestral connection to the land), the present (suffering of dispossession), and the future (hope for spiritual deliverance) into their understanding of their relationship to the land.

    The Violence of Dispossession

    • The act not only deprived Natives of their land but also instilled a deep-seated fear and violence.
    • The text recounts the gruesome details of farm killings, highlighting the physical and psychological brutality inflicted upon Natives.
    • The text concludes by highlighting the ongoing struggle for justice and recognition, emphasizing how the Natives’ Land Act continues to shape the lives of South Africans today.

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    Description

    Explore the significant implications of the Natives' Land Act of 1913 in South Africa. This act not only limited land ownership for black South Africans but also enforced marginalization and systemic dispossession. Understand its historical context and the ongoing impact on land rights.

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