The Menstrual Cycle

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of estrogen in the menstrual cycle?

  • To stimulate follicle growth and uterine lining thickening (correct)
  • To trigger ovulation
  • To prepare the uterus for implantation
  • To regulate hormone levels

During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the pituitary gland release a surge of Luteinizing Hormone (LH)?

  • Follicular Phase
  • Luteal Phase
  • Menstruation
  • Ovulation (correct)

What is the primary function of the corpus luteum in the menstrual cycle?

  • To produce progesterone and prepare the uterus for implantation (correct)
  • To produce estrogen and stimulate uterine lining growth
  • To regulate hormone levels
  • To release an egg during ovulation

During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the uterus shed its lining, resulting in bleeding?

<p>Menstruation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) in the menstrual cycle?

<p>To stimulate follicle growth and estrogen production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of progesterone in the menstrual cycle?

<p>To prepare the uterus for implantation and maintain pregnancy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the menstrual cycle follows ovulation?

<p>Luteal Phase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

1

<p>(A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

2

<p>(A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

3

<p>(A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Menstrual Cycle

Definition

The menstrual cycle is a natural, recurring process in which the uterus prepares for a potential pregnancy every month.

Phases

  1. Menstruation (Days 1-5)
    • The uterus sheds its lining, resulting in bleeding
    • Hormone levels are low
  2. Follicular Phase (Days 1-14)
    • Ovaries produce follicles, which release estrogen
    • Estrogen stimulates uterine lining growth and thickening
    • Pituitary gland releases Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) to stimulate follicle growth
  3. Ovulation (Day 14)
    • Pituitary gland releases Luteinizing Hormone (LH) surge, triggering ovulation
    • Dominant follicle releases an egg into the fallopian tube
  4. Luteal Phase (Days 15-28)
    • Corpus luteum produces progesterone, which prepares the uterus for implantation
    • If pregnancy doesn't occur, corpus luteum degenerates, and progesterone levels drop

Hormonal Regulation

  • Estrogen: Stimulates uterine lining growth and thickening
  • Progesterone: Prepares the uterus for implantation and maintains pregnancy
  • FSH: Stimulates follicle growth and estrogen production
  • LH: Triggers ovulation and corpus luteum formation

Menstrual Cycle

Definition

  • The menstrual cycle is a natural, recurring process that prepares the uterus for a potential pregnancy every month.

Phases

Menstruation

  • The uterus sheds its lining, resulting in bleeding.
  • Hormone levels are low during this phase.

Follicular Phase

  • Ovaries produce follicles that release estrogen.
  • Estrogen stimulates uterine lining growth and thickening.
  • The pituitary gland releases Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) to stimulate follicle growth.

Ovulation

  • The pituitary gland releases a Luteinizing Hormone (LH) surge, triggering ovulation.
  • The dominant follicle releases an egg into the fallopian tube.

Luteal Phase

  • The corpus luteum produces progesterone, which prepares the uterus for implantation.
  • If pregnancy doesn't occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, and progesterone levels drop.

Hormonal Regulation

  • Estrogen stimulates uterine lining growth and thickening.
  • Progesterone prepares the uterus for implantation and maintains pregnancy.
  • Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) stimulates follicle growth and estrogen production.
  • Luteinizing Hormone (LH) triggers ovulation and corpus luteum formation.

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