BS L7

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Which type of cells contain a single set of chromosomes?

Diploid cells

Somatic cells

Homologous cells

Haploid cells (correct)

How many genes are approximately found in the human genome?

20,000 genes (correct)

10,000 genes

15,000 genes

25,000 genes

What is the specific combination of alleles that an individual has for one or more traits called?

Phenotype

Heterozygote

Allele

Genotype (correct)

Which type of cells have two rounds of cell division?

Meiosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a basic genetic vocabulary term mentioned in the text?

Protein Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a genotype?

The specific combination of alleles that an individual has for one or more traits Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a phenotype?

The physical manifestation of an individual's genetic traits Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a trait that Gregor Mendel focused on in his experiments with pea plants?

Flower color Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist confirmed the chromosomal theory of heredity using Drosophila melanogaster?

Thomas Morgan Signup and view all the answers

What is heritability?

The variation in a phenotypic trait explained by genetic variation within a population Signup and view all the answers

What did Gregor Mendel document in his experiments with pea plants?

The laws of segregation and independent assortment Signup and view all the answers

What is a Punnett square used for?

Determining the probability of offspring inheriting certain traits Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Mendelian Inheritance?

The process by which genetic traits are passed down from parents to offspring Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Punnett Square?

To predict the likelihood of certain traits being passed down from parents to offspring Signup and view all the answers

What does the genotypic ratio in a Punnett Square represent?

The ratio of different genotypes produced by a particular cross Signup and view all the answers

In the example of crossing pure breeding yellow peas with pure breeding green peas, what is the phenotypic ratio of the F1 generation?

3 yellow to 1 green Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about heritability?

Heritability refers to the degree of variation in a phenotypic trait that can be explained by genetic variation between individuals within a population Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of DNA?

DNA is a double helix structure consisting of two strands that are wound around one another Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of histones in DNA?

Histones are packaging proteins that help organize and compact DNA Signup and view all the answers

What is a karyotype?

A representation of the chromosomes present within a cell Signup and view all the answers

According to Mendel's findings, what is the term for the form of a trait that is expressed in the F1 generation?

Dominant Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the form of a trait that is not expressed in the F1 generation?

Recessive Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for different forms of a gene?

Alleles Signup and view all the answers

What did Mendel determine about alleles?

They are inherited as discrete units Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a Punnett square?

A tool used to determine the outcome of genetic crosses Signup and view all the answers

How many squares are used in a Punnett square for a monohybrid cross?

4 Signup and view all the answers

What does the law of segregation state?

Alleles of a gene separate during gamete formation Signup and view all the answers

What did Mendel study to make his discoveries?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What does the law of independent assortment state?

Genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other Signup and view all the answers

What can be determined from a Punnett square?