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What is the collective name for the eight ethnolinguistic groups who inhabit the highland region of Mindoro?
What is the collective name for the eight ethnolinguistic groups who inhabit the highland region of Mindoro?
Mangyan
Which of the following are Northern Tribes of the Mangyan?
Which of the following are Northern Tribes of the Mangyan?
The Mangyans were originally coastal dwellers.
The Mangyans were originally coastal dwellers.
True
How many years ago did the Mangyan settle along the shores of Mindoro Island?
How many years ago did the Mangyan settle along the shores of Mindoro Island?
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The Mangyans live in large cities and towns.
The Mangyans live in large cities and towns.
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What is the name of the mountain where most Alangan Mangyans live?
What is the name of the mountain where most Alangan Mangyans live?
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What is the name of the river where the Alangan Mangyan reside?
What is the name of the river where the Alangan Mangyan reside?
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What does the name Alangan mean according to historians?
What does the name Alangan mean according to historians?
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What is the name of the tree trunk used as a bridge in the Alangan River?
What is the name of the tree trunk used as a bridge in the Alangan River?
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What is the name of the breechcloth worn by the Alangan Mangyan men?
What is the name of the breechcloth worn by the Alangan Mangyan men?
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What is the name of the skirt worn by the Alangan Mangyan women?
What is the name of the skirt worn by the Alangan Mangyan women?
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What type of agriculture is commonly practiced by the Alangan Mangyan?
What type of agriculture is commonly practiced by the Alangan Mangyan?
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What is the name of the traditional Alangan house?
What is the name of the traditional Alangan house?
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What is the name of the fireplace at the center of the Alangan house?
What is the name of the fireplace at the center of the Alangan house?
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What is the name of the thanksgiving ritual practiced for a good harvest?
What is the name of the thanksgiving ritual practiced for a good harvest?
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What is the name of the tribe leader in the Alangan Mangyan community?
What is the name of the tribe leader in the Alangan Mangyan community?
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What is the name of the community leader in the Alangan Mangyan community?
What is the name of the community leader in the Alangan Mangyan community?
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What is the name of the individual responsible for administering punishments for breaches of customary laws?
What is the name of the individual responsible for administering punishments for breaches of customary laws?
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Which group of the Mangyan is considered the largest?
Which group of the Mangyan is considered the largest?
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The Hanunuo are considered the artisans of the Mangyan.
The Hanunuo are considered the artisans of the Mangyan.
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What is the name of the traditional writing system used by the Hanunoo Mangyan?
What is the name of the traditional writing system used by the Hanunoo Mangyan?
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What does the word 'Hanunuo' mean?
What does the word 'Hanunuo' mean?
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What is the name of the loincloth worn by Hanunoo men?
What is the name of the loincloth worn by Hanunoo men?
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What is the name of the shirt worn by the Hanunoo men?
What is the name of the shirt worn by the Hanunoo men?
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What is the name of the blouse worn by the Hanunoo women?
What is the name of the blouse worn by the Hanunoo women?
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What is the name of the knee-length skirt worn by the Hanunoo women?
What is the name of the knee-length skirt worn by the Hanunoo women?
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What is the name of the weaving process that allowed the Hanunoo to produce intricate woven cotton goods?
What is the name of the weaving process that allowed the Hanunoo to produce intricate woven cotton goods?
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What is the name of the design or pattern that the Hanunoo embroider on their clothes?
What is the name of the design or pattern that the Hanunoo embroider on their clothes?
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What are the names of the tribe elder or leader and the tribe healer?
What are the names of the tribe elder or leader and the tribe healer?
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What is the name of the ritual where the Hanunoo dig up the remains of their dead loved one a year after his or her death?
What is the name of the ritual where the Hanunoo dig up the remains of their dead loved one a year after his or her death?
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The Hanunoo's main source of livelihood is fishing.
The Hanunoo's main source of livelihood is fishing.
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What is the name of the poem that the Hanunuo use for courting, parenting, welcoming visitors, and other social functions?
What is the name of the poem that the Hanunuo use for courting, parenting, welcoming visitors, and other social functions?
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The Ambahan poems are written on palm leaves using a sharp bamboo tool.
The Ambahan poems are written on palm leaves using a sharp bamboo tool.
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Study Notes
The Mangyan of Mindoro
- The Mangyan are a collective name for eight ethnolinguistic groups inhabiting the highland region of Mindoro.
- The eight groups are divided into Northern and Southern tribes.
- Northern tribes include: Iraya, Alangan, Tadyawan, Tau-Buid.
- Southern tribes include: Bangon, Buhid, Hanunoo, Ratagnon.
- Originally, Mangyans were coastal dwellers.
- They later moved inland to the mountains to avoid foreign settlers.
- Mangyans settled along the shores of Mindoro approximately 600-700 years ago.
- Currently, Mangyans live in remote parts of Mindoro.
- Southern tribes are more advanced in weaving, pottery, and writing systems.
- Northern tribes have simpler living styles and preserve traditions rigorously.
The Alangan Mangyan
- Most Alangan Mangyans live at the foot of Mount Halcon, near the Alangan River.
- The Alangan river is located between the mountainous terrain of Oriental and Occidental Mindoro.
- The name Alangan comes from the river, literally meaning "in between" due to its location.
- Alternatively, the name Alangan derives from a tree trunk used as a bridge across the river.
- Men's clothing includes a bahag/abay (breechcloth) made from tree bark.
- Women's clothing includes a linge (skirt) made from nito vine, abayen (skirt) from barokan tree bark, and ulango (upper covering) from wild buri palm leaves.
- Traditional houses (Balaylakoy) have a "poypoyan" (fireplace) that is central to the structure and holds cultural significance.
- Alangan rely on upland farming and swidden agriculture for sustenance.
- The area used for swidden farming is left fallow for 5-10 years.
- They believe land where someone died should not be cleared for farming.
- The community is led by the Tanungan (tribe leader) and Nayon (community leader).
- Bokal/Konsehal administers customary laws and punishments.
- Pamago is a thanksgiving ritual for a good harvest.
The Hanunuo Mangyan
- Hanunoo is the largest group of Mangyans.
- They primarily live in Bulalacao, Mansalay, and parts of Bongabong in Oriental Mindoro, and in San Jose in Occidental Mindoro.
- Hanunuo means "truly", "real", or "genuine".
- The Hanunuo people are considered "artisans of the Mangyans" due to their skilled traditional writing system (Surat Hanunuo Mangyan).
- Males typically wear a ba-ag (loincloth) and balukas (shirt).
- Females typically wear a lambung (blouse) and a ramit (knee-length skirt).
- Habilan is the weaving process where they produce intricately designed and expertly executed woven cotton goods.
- Pakudos is a symmetrical, cross-shaped design embroidered on clothing, symbolizing protection.
- Gurangan (elder or leader) and Talaghusay (tribe healer) function as advisors to the community.
- Kutkot is a funeral ritual where the remains of deceased loved ones are exhumed a year later.
- The Hanunuo depend on agriculture and livestock for sustenance, but also sell crafts like baskets and fabrics.
The Ambahan of the Hanunuo Mangyan
- Ambahan is a poem used in social situations like courting, parenting, or welcoming visitors.
- Ambahan poems address everyday life, like friendship, marriage, sickness, and work.
- Ambahan poems are written and carved using the Surat Hanunuo Mangyan writing system into bamboo using a sharp metal tool.
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Description
Explore the rich cultural heritage of the Mangyan people, comprised of eight ethnolinguistic groups in Mindoro. Discover the distinctions between the Northern and Southern tribes, their traditional lifestyles, and advancements in arts and crafts. Gain insight into their historical migration and current living conditions.
