The Librarian's Knowledge

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Which branch of philosophy addresses questions about knowledge and rationality?

Logic

Epistemology (correct)

Metaphysics

Ethics

What is the primary focus of epistemologists?

Determining if there is knowledge in specific cases

Stating the conditions under which people have knowledge and rational beliefs (correct)

Developing a general theory about the nature of knowledge

Deciding if there is rational belief in specific cases

What is the purpose of examining specific examples in epistemology?

To determine if the examples are rational beliefs

To prove that knowledge exists in specific cases

To develop a general theory about the nature of knowledge

To illustrate general issues (correct)

According to the text, what are some examples of beliefs that people sometimes regard as irrational?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What do defenders of these beliefs sometimes charge their critics with?

Blind faith in science Signup and view all the answers

What do defenders of The Relativistic Vim find room for?

Reasonable disagreement Signup and view all the answers

What are some topics on which people can have different points of view?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which category of knowledge includes statements such as 'France is a country in Europe' and 'Many trees drop their leaves in the fall'?

Commonsense facts about the world Signup and view all the answers

Which category of knowledge includes statements such as '2 + 2 = 4' and '5 * 3 = 15'?

Mathematics Signup and view all the answers

Which category of knowledge includes statements such as 'Gratuitous torturing of infants is wrong' and 'There's nothing wrong with taking a break from work once in a while'?

Morality Signup and view all the answers

Which source of knowledge involves what other people tell you, including what they tell you on television or in books and newspapers?

Testimony Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what does it mean to know a person?

Knowing a person means having met them and remembering the meeting. Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, why is definition (D3) not correct?

The sides of the definition do not always agree. Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, how can a proposed definition be improved?

By revising the definition in response to counterexamples. Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what are the primary sources of knowledge?

Perception, memory, testimony, introspection, reasoning, rational insight Signup and view all the answers

What is the first question that arises when reflecting on The Standard View?

Under what conditions does a person know something to be true? Signup and view all the answers

According to many philosophers, what is an important condition on knowledge?

Rational or justified belief Signup and view all the answers

What role do beliefs play in determining our behavior?

Beliefs have a significant impact on our behavior Signup and view all the answers

Which view challenges The Standard View by arguing that we know far less than what The Standard View claims?

The Skeptical View Signup and view all the answers

Which view challenges The Standard View by emphasizing the role of natural science and questioning the methodology used to support The Standard View?

The Naturalistic View Signup and view all the answers

Which view challenges The Standard View by considering relativism and cognitive diversity, and highlighting the differences in people's beliefs and policies for forming beliefs?

The Relativistic View Signup and view all the answers

Which set of questions in the text addresses the challenges to The Standard View posed by The Skeptical View, The Naturalistic View, and The Relativistic View?

Epistemological Questions 7 Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the definition of 'knowing whether' in terms of 'knowing that'?

Either S knows p or S knows ~p Signup and view all the answers

Based on the text, what is the definition of 'knowing when' in terms of propositional knowledge?

There is some proposition saying that x happens at some particular time and S knows that proposition Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the definition of 'knowing x' in terms of propositional knowledge?

S has propositional knowledge of some facts about x (i.e., for some proposition p, p is about x, and S knows p) Signup and view all the answers

What is the librarian's knowledge compared to a patron's knowledge, according to the text?

The librarian knows whether there is a book by J. D. Salinger in the library or not, while the patron does not know either Signup and view all the answers