The Lemon Tree: Chapters 1-6 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of pogroms?

A massacre or persecution of a group such as Jews, often encouraged by the government (correct)

A form of government

A Jewish festival

A type of bread

What does anti-Semitism mean?

A type of government

A form of religion

Support for Jewish communities

Prejudice against Jews (correct)

What is Zionism?

A movement supporting a Jewish homeland in Palestine, later for the support of modern Israel.

Who is Theodor Herzl?

A Jewish journalist who is considered the founder of political Zionism. Signup and view all the answers

What is Palestine?

A region in the Middle East that both Jews and Arabs wanted to have possession of. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Hussein-McMahon Correspondence?

A series of letters between Great Britain and Arabs that stated if the Arabs revolted against the Ottoman Empire and joined the Allied Powers, Great Britain would grant independence to some Arab states. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Lawrence of Arabia?

A British military officer who encouraged the Arabs to revolt against the Ottoman Empire. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Sykes-Picot Agreement?

An agreement between the British and the French on how they would divide the Middle East among themselves. Signup and view all the answers

What is the mandates system?

A system in which a nation would have government influence from another nation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Balfour Declaration?

A British declaration of support for the foundation of a Jewish state in Palestine. Signup and view all the answers

What was the King-Crane Commission?

An investigation by the United States in which many people's views on Zionism were collected. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Woodrow Wilson?

The president of the United States who was unsatisfied with the mandates system. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Great Arab Rebellion?

A rebellion started by the Arabs in response to the British mandate over Palestine and mass Jewish immigration. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Peel Commission?

A recommendation to partition Palestine into two states: one for the Arabs, one for the Jews. Signup and view all the answers

What is the 1939 White Paper?

A document which accepted many of the demands of the Arab rebellion. Signup and view all the answers

What does aliyah bet refer to?

A Hebrew term that refers to the secret immigration of Jews to Palestine. Signup and view all the answers

What does partition mean in this context?

The division of a country. Signup and view all the answers

What is Resolution 194?

A UN resolution that gave Palestinian refugees the right to reclaim their homes or receive compensation. Signup and view all the answers

Who is Gamal Abdel Nasser?

An Egyptian president who set Egypt free of outside influence. Signup and view all the answers

What is Pan-Arabism?

A nationalistic movement which emphasized the unity of Arabs and sought to end foreign control in the Middle East. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Historical Terms and Definitions

Pogroms: Violent massacres or persecutions targeting specific groups, historically Jews, often fueled by government actions.
Anti-Semitism: A form of prejudice specifically directed against Jewish people.
Zionism: A political and nationalist movement advocating for the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine, which later evolved to support modern Israel.

Key Figures

Theodor Herzl: Recognized as the founder of political Zionism, he was a pivotal Jewish journalist who advocated for a Jewish state.
Lawrence of Arabia: A British military officer influential in persuading Arab leaders to revolt against Ottoman rule during World War I.
Woodrow Wilson: U.S. president who expressed dissatisfaction with the mandate system and initiated the King-Crane Commission to assess views on Zionism.

Key Agreements and Correspondences

Hussein-McMahon Correspondence: A series of letters promising Arab independence from the Ottoman Empire in exchange for support against the Ottomans.
Sykes-Picot Agreement: A clandestine arrangement between Britain and France outlining the division of the Middle East territories after World War I, allocating Syria and Lebanon to France, and Iraq, Palestine, and Transjordan to Britain.
Balfour Declaration: A formal statement of support from Britain for establishing a Jewish national home in Palestine.
Peel Commission: A proposal suggesting the partition of Palestine into separate Jewish and Arab states.

Major Events and Movements

Mandates System: An international system where nations administer territories on behalf of the League of Nations, often seen in the context of British and French control over Middle Eastern states.
Great Arab Rebellion: An uprising by Arabs against British rule in Palestine, driven by opposition to the mandate and Jewish immigration.
aliyah bet: Refers to the covert immigration of Jews to Palestine during the British mandate period.

Important Documents and Resolutions

King-Crane Commission: An investigative initiative led by the U.S. to gather public opinion on Zionism, revealing significant disapproval among those surveyed.
1939 White Paper: A British document addressing Arab demands, proposing to limit Jewish immigration, call for a unified independent state, and enforce stricter regulations on land sales in Palestine.
Resolution 194: A UN resolution granting Palestinian refugees the right to return to their homes or receive compensation.

Key Concepts

Partition: The process or action of dividing a territory or country into separate political entities.
Pan-Arabism: A movement advocating for the political and cultural unity of Arab countries, emphasizing the goal of ending foreign dominance in the region.
Gamal Abdel Nasser: The president of Egypt known for his efforts to assert independence from external influences while promoting Pan-Arabism and restoring national pride in Arab identity.

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Description

Explore key terms and concepts from the first six chapters of 'The Lemon Tree'. This flashcard set includes significant words such as pogroms, anti-Semitism, and Zionism, along with their definitions. Perfect for anyone studying the themes and historical context of the book.