Fertilisation to Trilaminar Embryology

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson
Download our mobile app to listen on the go
Get App

Questions and Answers

Which cell type produces hCG?

  • Cytotrophoblast
  • Syncytioblast (correct)
  • Epiblast
  • Hypoblast

On which day is implantation complete?

  • Day 9 (correct)
  • Day 12
  • Day 13
  • Day 14

Which cavity forms from the epiblast?

  • Chorionic cavity
  • Amniotic cavity (correct)
  • Primitive yolk sac
  • Definitive yolk sac

Which germ layer gives rise to the nervous system?

<p>Ectoderm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mesoderm layer is responsible for the urogenital systems?

<p>Intermediate mesoderm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the lateral plate mesoderm forms the dermis and lining of body wall?

<p>Somatic layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which germ layer gives rise to the lining of the gut tube?

<p>Endoderm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which germ layer gives rise to the epidermis of the skin?

<p>Ectoderm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cavity develops from the extraembryonic mesoderm and later forms the umbilical cord?

<p>Chorionic cavity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure facilitates implantation and the formation of the placenta?

<p>Trophoblast (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During fertilization, what triggers the completion of meiosis 2 in the egg?

<p>Sperm entry into the egg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cortical granules released by the oocyte during fertilization?

<p>To make the zona pellucida impenetrable to other sperm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process where the one-cell embryo undergoes a series of cleavage divisions?

<p>Cleavage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the trophoblast and the embryoblast in the blastocyst?

<p>Trophoblast contacts with the endometrium, while the embryoblast is responsible for the formation of the embryo (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process where the one-cell embryo changes shape without increase in size within the confines of the zone pellucida?

<p>Compaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process where the blastocyst implants into the endometrial lining of the uterus?

<p>Implantation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition where implantation occurs outside the uterus?

<p>Ectopic pregnancy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition where the placenta lies low in the uterus and partially or completely covers the cervix?

<p>Placenta previa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During fertilization, what is the function of the acrosomal enzymes released from the sperm head?

<p>To digest its way into the egg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the lateral plate mesoderm forms the dermis and lining of the body wall?

<p>Somatic mesoderm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During gastrulation, the epiblast cells invaginate through the primitive streak to form which of the following?

<p>Three primary germ layers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the acrosomal enzymes released from the sperm head during fertilization?

<p>The acrosomal enzymes released from the sperm head help the sperm digest its way into the egg.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the completion of meiosis 2 in the egg during fertilization?

<p>The entry of the sperm triggers the completion of meiosis 2 in the egg.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the blastocyst?

<p>The blastocyst is comprised of two different cell types: the outer cell mass (trophoblast) and the inner cell mass (embryoblast).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the trophoblast in the blastocyst?

<p>The trophoblast contacts with the endometrium of the uterus to facilitate implantation and the formation of the placenta.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the embryoblast in the blastocyst?

<p>The embryoblast is responsible for the formation of the embryo itself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the blastocyst implant in the uterus?

<p>The blastocyst implants into the endometrial lining on the posterior or anterior uterine wall.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two cavities formed on Day 9 of embryonic development?

<p>amniotic cavity (epiblast) and primitive yolk sac (hypoblast)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the cavity that forms on Day 12 and later develops into the umbilical cord?

<p>chorionic cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three primary germ layers formed during gastrulation?

<p>ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures are derived from the ectoderm?

<p>epidermis of skin, hair, nails and nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures are derived from the mesoderm?

<p>paraxial mesoderm (axial skeleton, skeletal muscle), intermediate mesoderm (urogenital systems), lateral plate mesoderm (somatic layer: dermis, lining of body wall, parts of limbs and visceral layer: cardiovascular system, mesothelial covering of organs, smooth muscle)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures are derived from the endoderm?

<p>lining of gut tube, lining of respiratory tract, lining of bladder and urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when the blastocyst implants into the endometrial lining of the uterus?

<p>implantation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the zona pellucida glycoprotein layer?

<p>The zona pellucida supports communication between oocytes and follicle cells during oogenesis; protects oocytes, eggs, and embryos during development, and regulates interactions between ovulated eggs and free-swimming sperm during and following fertilization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What enzymes does the acrosome produce and what is their purpose?

<p>Hyaluronidase and acrosin are two acrosomal enzymes that are degradative as they break down the outer membrane of the ovum- zona pellucida.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens on day 7.5 after fertilisation?

<ul> <li>Trophoblast divides into cytotrophoblast (individual cells) and syncytioblast (single multinucleated cell which produces hCG)</li> <li>Embryobast divides into epiblast (dorsal surface) and hypoblast (ventral surface)</li> <li>Amniotic cavity begins to form</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What happens on day 9 after fertilisation?

<ul> <li>Formation of 2 cavities = amniotic cavity (epiblast) and primitive yolk sac (hypoblast)</li> <li>Implantation complete</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What happens on day 12 after fertilisation?

<ul> <li>Uteroplacental circulation established -Maternal blood flows into the lacunae (gaps in the the trophoblast) to diffuse to the embryoblast</li> <li>Extraembryonic mesoderm develops then degenerates, forming chorionic cavity</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What happens on day 13 after fertilisation?

<ul> <li>Further development of chorionic cavity</li> <li>Presence of connecting stalk (later umbilical cord)</li> <li>Second wave of hypoblast cells migrate to form definitive (secondary) yolk sac</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards are hidden until you start studying

Related Documents

Fertilisation to Trilaminar PDF

More Like This

Fertilisation Process Overview
17 questions
Fertilization and Zygote Formation
30 questions
Human Fertilisation and Embryonic Stage Quiz
40 questions
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser