The Iroquois Confederacy

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The iroquois brokered a temporary ______ with the french

peace

The five nations broke their ______ by 1657

enemy

The mohawk's hatred of the french had compelled them to continue ______

raiding

In may 1660 open ______ between the iroquois and french resumed

war

The war began with a bitter iroquois victory at the battle of long ______

seoul

Iroquois raiders attacked ______ as part of their growing campaign

quebec

The french government took decisive ______

action

The iroquois were winning all the way up until the ______

1660s

Hundred soldiers of the carignon saliere regiment arrived in new ______

france

The peace did not ______ violence between the french and the iroquois

hold

During the War of the Spanish Succession, the British captured ______ in 1710

Port Royal

The Mi'kmaq and their Wabanaki allies used ______ tactics against the British

guerrilla

The Mi'kmaq had access to guns and steel weapons through their close ties with the ______

Acadians

The Mi'kmaq resistance became part of another imperial war in 1722 when the British and their ______ allies encroached on Wabanaki territory

American

The Mi'kmaq won recognition of their ______ claim in 1722

land

In 1749, the British established the fortified town of ______, violating the treaty with the Mi'kmaq

Halifax

The Mi'kmaq declared ______ and launched bloody raids on the British settlers

war

The Mi'kmaq resistance led many Acadians to ______ Nova Scotia

flee

The construction of Halifax marked the beginning of a full-scale British ______ of Nova Scotia

pacification

The Mi'kmaq formed alliances with other First Nations groups and joined the ______ Confederacy to defend against British expansion

Wabanaki

Led by a prophet named ______ and orator Hayawatha, the five nations united under the Great Law of Peace

Daganawida

The Iroquois faced enemies such as the ______, Mohicans, and Wabanaki Confederacy to the east, and the Wendat (Huron) to the north

Algonquins

The Iroquois practiced mourning wars, adopting captives to replace those lost in ______

battle

In 1609, an alliance between the Wendat, Algonquins, and three Frenchmen, including Samuel de Champlain, led to the start of the ______ Wars

Iroquois

The French provided the Iroquois' enemies with ______, giving them a military advantage over the Iroquois' traditional weapons such as bows and clubs

firearms

The Iroquois formed an alliance with the ______, who sought to establish their own fur trade, and turned against their rivals, such as the Mohicans

Dutch

Disease, particularly measles and smallpox, devastated the Iroquois population and weakened their ______

fighting strength

The Iroquois launched a campaign of widespread violence, attacking villages and trade convoys to acquire furs and captives to trade with the ______

Dutch

The French attempted to negotiate peace with the Iroquois in 1641 but ______, leading to further hostilities

failed

The Iroquois destroyed their ancient rival, the ______, in 1649, and also defeated the Chonnonton (Seneca), who had been weakened by smallpox

Wendat

Study Notes

The Iroquois Confederacy and their Wars in North America

  • The Iroquois Confederacy, consisting of five nations (Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, and Mohawk), emerged as a powerful force in North America in the 1500s.
  • Led by a prophet named Daganawida and orator Hayawatha, the five nations united under the Great Law of Peace, the first formal constitution in the Americas.
  • The Iroquois faced enemies such as the Algonquins, Mohicans, and Wabanaki Confederacy to the east, and the Wendat (Huron) to the north.
  • The Iroquois practiced mourning wars, adopting captives to replace those lost in battle, which allowed them to expand their fighting strength.
  • In 1609, an alliance between the Wendat, Algonquins, and three Frenchmen, including Samuel de Champlain, led to the start of the Iroquois Wars.
  • The French provided the Iroquois' enemies with firearms, giving them a military advantage over the Iroquois' traditional weapons such as bows and clubs.
  • The Iroquois formed an alliance with the Dutch, who sought to establish their own fur trade, and turned against their rivals, such as the Mohicans.
  • Disease, particularly measles and smallpox, devastated the Iroquois population and weakened their fighting strength.
  • The Iroquois launched a campaign of widespread violence, attacking villages and trade convoys to acquire furs and captives to trade with the Dutch.
  • The French attempted to negotiate peace with the Iroquois in 1641 but failed, leading to further hostilities.
  • The Iroquois destroyed their ancient rival, the Wendat, in 1649, and also defeated the Chonnonton (Seneca), who had been weakened by smallpox.
  • By 1651, the Iroquois Confederacy had established dominance in the region, having expanded their territory and defeated their enemies.

Test your knowledge on the Iroquois Confederacy and their Wars in North America with this informative quiz. Learn about the five nations that formed the Confederacy, their enemies, and the strategies they employed in battle. Discover how alliances, firearms, and diseases affected their conflicts. Challenge yourself to see how much you know about this influential Native American alliance and their rise to dominance in the region.

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