The Indian National Movement: The First War of Independence, 1857

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Questions and Answers

Who played a major role in the Uprising of 1857?

Awadh

Under whose protection was Bahadur Shah Zafar, the Mughal ruler?

The Company and Calcutta

What was the cause of the uprising in 1857?

The humiliating way the Nawab of Awadh was deposed

Who were the opponents of the company's scoops?

The disp ahadar Signup and view all the answers

What did the British do to the estates of the alders or andars?

Confiscated Signup and view all the answers

What were the major grievances of the Indian rulers that led to the First War of Independence in 1857?

British expansion policies, economic exploitation, and ill-treatment by British officers Signup and view all the answers

What were the conditions like for the Company's Indian soldiers by 1852?

Discontent with low salary, hard life, and ill-treatment by British officers Signup and view all the answers

What were the political reasons that antagonized the Indian rulers?

British policy of territorial expansion and annexation of native Indian States Signup and view all the answers

How did the British try to expand their political power in India?

By outright wars, Subsidiary Alliance system, and adopting the Doctrine of Lapse Signup and view all the answers

What were some of the ways the British expanded their territorial power in India?

By outright wars and adopting the Doctrine of Lapse Signup and view all the answers

What major event in 1857 marked the bursting of accumulated grievances in the form of a mass uprising?

The First War of Independence Signup and view all the answers

What principle was applied to take away titles and pensions of the rulers of some Indian States?

The principle of Lapse Signup and view all the answers

What did Indian rulers agree to when accepting the Subsidiary Alliance with the British?

They agreed to surrender their foreign relations to the East India Company. Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence for Indian rulers who accepted the Subsidiary Alliance?

They virtually lost their independence. Signup and view all the answers

How did the rulers of Indian States view the annexation of their territories by the British?

They believed it was due to the 'lapse of all morals on the part of the British.' Signup and view all the answers

What caused discontent among both the rulers and people of the Indian States?

Taking away titles and pensions, as well as additional taxes, caused discontent. Signup and view all the answers

What event led to the Nawab of Awadh joining the rebellion in 1857?

Enraged by the British, the Nawab of Awadh joined the rebellion in 1857. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the text?

Administration and management of petty offices Signup and view all the answers

What is the negative consequence mentioned in the text?

Oppression of the poor Signup and view all the answers

What does the letter 'E' represent in the text?

A type of impropriety Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the phrase 'Art of The B'?

Exploitation of the economy Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main themes discussed in the text?

Satisfaction of media and entertainment Signup and view all the answers

What were the major grievances of the ruling classes in India during the period of 1857-1917?

Loss of land rights, decreased job opportunities in administration Signup and view all the answers

Why were the middle and upper classes in northern India annoyed during this period?

Exclusion from well-paid higher posts in administration Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the rebellions that occurred post-1857 against British policies?

Scattered, isolated, not a serious threat to British rule Signup and view all the answers

What event marked the culmination of the Indian National Movement in 1857?

The First War of Independence Signup and view all the answers

Which segments of Indian society participated in the rebellions against British rule?

Kings, landlords, tribals, soldiers Signup and view all the answers

What was the main outcome of the scattered revolts against British rule?

Establishment of local traditions of resisting foreign rule Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Causes of the First War of Independence

The British expansionist policies, economic exploitation, and disrespect towards Indian rulers and traditions led to the First War of Independence in 1857.
The Indian rulers, princes, and landlords lost their authority and power due to the British expansion.

Political Reasons for the Uprising

The British policy of territorial expansion and annexation of native Indian States antagonized the Indian rulers.
The Doctrine of Lapse was used to annex states where the ruler died without a natural heir.
The Subsidiary Alliance system made Indian rulers surrender their foreign relations to the East India Company and agree to maintain British troops at their headquarters.

Annexation of Awadh

The annexation of Awadh in 1856 led to the soldiers' loss of their homes and lands, causing widespread discontent.
The people of Awadh, including the soldiers, joined the uprising in 1857 due to the humiliating deposition of the Nawab of Awadh.

Role of Bahadur Shah Zafar

Bahadur Shah Zafar, the Mughal emperor, was under the protection of the East India Company and was given a pension.
He played a major role in the Uprising of 1857.

Other Factors Contributing to the Uprising

Economic exploitation and poverty among the Indian people led to widespread discontent.
The dissolution of the Mughal Empire and the loss of authority by the Indian rulers created an atmosphere of discontent.
The Indian soldiers were discontent with their low pay, hard life, and ill-treatment by the British officers.

Impact of the Uprising

The First War of Independence marked the beginning of the Indian National Movement (1857-1917).
The uprising showed that Indians from all segments of society, including kings, landlords, tribals, and soldiers, were united against British rule.

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Test your knowledge on the Indian National Movement chapter focusing on the First War of Independence in 1857. Explore topics such as administrative changes, impact on ruling classes, middle and upper-classes, and the loss of land rights and livelihoods.