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What was the main reason for the expulsion of the children from school?
What was the main reason for the expulsion of the children from school?
What was the outcome of the father's appeal to the Supreme Court?
What was the outcome of the father's appeal to the Supreme Court?
How did the Supreme Court justify its decision regarding the national anthem?
How did the Supreme Court justify its decision regarding the national anthem?
What is the purpose of mobile courts in the Indian judicial system?
What is the purpose of mobile courts in the Indian judicial system?
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What does 'jurisdiction' refer to in the context of legal matters?
What does 'jurisdiction' refer to in the context of legal matters?
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What is the highest age at which a High Court judge can retire?
What is the highest age at which a High Court judge can retire?
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Which entity is responsible for appointing the Chief Justice of the High Court?
Which entity is responsible for appointing the Chief Justice of the High Court?
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Which jurisdiction allows the High Court to supervise the lower courts?
Which jurisdiction allows the High Court to supervise the lower courts?
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What is the minimum experience required to be appointed as a High Court judge as an advocate?
What is the minimum experience required to be appointed as a High Court judge as an advocate?
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In which type of case can an individual not be arrested or imprisoned?
In which type of case can an individual not be arrested or imprisoned?
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Which court is the highest in the district for civil cases?
Which court is the highest in the district for civil cases?
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What action can lead to the impeachment of a High Court judge?
What action can lead to the impeachment of a High Court judge?
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Which of the following jurisdictions allows the High Court to enforce fundamental rights?
Which of the following jurisdictions allows the High Court to enforce fundamental rights?
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What is the role of the judiciary in a democracy?
What is the role of the judiciary in a democracy?
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What is the unique feature of the Indian judiciary?
What is the unique feature of the Indian judiciary?
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Who appoints the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in India?
Who appoints the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in India?
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What power does the Supreme Court hold regarding laws made by the government?
What power does the Supreme Court hold regarding laws made by the government?
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What is meant by 'judicial review'?
What is meant by 'judicial review'?
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What authority does the Supreme Court have concerning contempt of court?
What authority does the Supreme Court have concerning contempt of court?
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What is the Supreme Court's advisory jurisdiction?
What is the Supreme Court's advisory jurisdiction?
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How many judges are there in the Supreme Court of India including the Chief Justice?
How many judges are there in the Supreme Court of India including the Chief Justice?
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What type of offenses does a criminal dispute typically involve?
What type of offenses does a criminal dispute typically involve?
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What is a potential consequence of a criminal matter for the offender?
What is a potential consequence of a criminal matter for the offender?
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What was the main reason Bhole Ram lost his case in the Nyaya Panchayat?
What was the main reason Bhole Ram lost his case in the Nyaya Panchayat?
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What did the High Court ultimately conclude about the agreement between Bhole Ram and Mahipal Singh?
What did the High Court ultimately conclude about the agreement between Bhole Ram and Mahipal Singh?
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What assistance did Bhole Ram receive during his appeal to the High Court?
What assistance did Bhole Ram receive during his appeal to the High Court?
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How was the amount of interest Bhole Ram was to repay determined by the High Court?
How was the amount of interest Bhole Ram was to repay determined by the High Court?
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Which of the following best characterizes the nature of the judicial decisions in this case?
Which of the following best characterizes the nature of the judicial decisions in this case?
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What remains a significant issue highlighted by Bhole Ram's case?
What remains a significant issue highlighted by Bhole Ram's case?
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What would have happened to Bhole Ram if there had been no provision for appeal?
What would have happened to Bhole Ram if there had been no provision for appeal?
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What is a key characteristic of Lok Adalats?
What is a key characteristic of Lok Adalats?
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How can decisions made by Lok Adalats be disputed?
How can decisions made by Lok Adalats be disputed?
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What distinguishes the Indian judiciary from the American system?
What distinguishes the Indian judiciary from the American system?
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What is a writ in the context of the Indian judiciary?
What is a writ in the context of the Indian judiciary?
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What scenario is presented in the case study regarding fundamental rights?
What scenario is presented in the case study regarding fundamental rights?
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Which of the following best describes the benefits of Lok Adalats for the economically disadvantaged?
Which of the following best describes the benefits of Lok Adalats for the economically disadvantaged?
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In cases of fundamental rights violations, to which courts can citizens appeal?
In cases of fundamental rights violations, to which courts can citizens appeal?
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Study Notes
The Indian Judiciary
- The judiciary is responsible for upholding laws, punishing the guilty, and resolving disputes.
- It plays a crucial role in a democratic society by protecting citizens' rights and upholding the constitution.
- The judiciary is independent from the executive and legislative branches of government.
The Supreme Court
- The Supreme Court is the highest court in India, located in New Delhi.
- It has a Chief Justice and, currently, 25 judges. The number of judges can be increased by Parliament.
- The Chief Justice is appointed by the President, on the recommendation of the Chief Justice, and consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the Governor of the state.
- Other judges are also appointed by the President, based on the Chief Justice's recommendations.
- The Supreme Court has original, appellate, and advisory jurisdictions.
- Judges retire at age 65.
High Courts
- Each state (or a few clustered states) has a High Court.
- The Chief Justice of the High Court is appointed by the President in consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the Governor.
- Other judges are similarly appointed.
- Qualifications for High Court judges include being a citizen of India; a High Court advocate with 10 years' experience; or a judicial officer with 10 years' experience.
- Judges retire at age 62.
Structure of the Judiciary
- The Indian judiciary is a unified system.
- Lower court decisions can be appealed to higher courts.
Public Interest Litigation (PIL)
- Citizens can bring cases to court when government actions negatively affect the public interest.
- Courts can intervene and issue orders to prevent misuse of power or rectify public issues
Judicial Review
- The Supreme Court has the power to review laws or actions by other branches of government and declare them invalid if those laws or actions are unconstitutional.
- The court can order compensation to victims and provide punishment to offenders.
Court of Records
- All cases and rulings of the Supreme Court are documented and maintained as court records.
Contempt of Court
- The Supreme Court can punish those who disobey or disrespect the court's authority.
- This can be any action that challenges the court's dignity.
Subordinate Courts
- These are lower courts below the High Courts.
- District Courts handle civil matters
- Sessions Courts handle criminal cases
- These involve specific courts (e.g. Civil Judge, Munsif, Chief Judicial Magistrate, etc.).
Lok Adalats
- Lok Adalats ("people's courts") provide a conciliation-based way to settle disputes outside formal courts.
- They are meant to be faster and less expensive.
Speedy Justice
- Steps toward resolving cases more quickly.
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Description
This quiz explores the structure and functions of the Indian judiciary, including the Supreme Court and High Courts. Understand the roles of judges, their appointments, and the judiciary's importance in a democratic society. Test your knowledge of the legal framework that upholds citizens' rights in India.
