The Impact of Enlightenment on the American and French Revolutions

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Questions and Answers

What was the outcome of the American and French Revolutions in terms of social and political changes?

  • A widespread adoption of communism as a form of government
  • A reversion to traditional monarchical systems
  • A complete reorganization of societies based on secular ideals of social equality and liberty (correct)
  • A significant strengthening of colonial empires

What was the estimated number of deaths in the French Revolution?

  • Over 200,000
  • Over 100,000
  • Over 500,000
  • Over 250,000 (correct)

What was the primary focus of Enlightenment thinkers?

  • Establishing a new world order
  • Promoting social stability and order
  • Consolidating colonial power
  • Advocating individual autonomy, liberty, and rationality (correct)

What was the conservative reaction to Enlightenment thinking?

<p>A desire for social stability and a return to traditional values (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to conservative thinkers, what is the relationship between society and the individual?

<p>Society exists independently of individuals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the conservative reaction in the development of sociology?

<p>It led to the emergence of sociology as a distinct field (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major limitation of traditional sociological theories that led to the emergence of Symbolic Interactionism?

<p>They failed to investigate individual motivations and reactions to tensions and conflicts in people's lives. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Symbolic Interactionism?

<p>Examining individual interactions and meanings in social life. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with coining the Thomas Theorem?

<p>W.I. Thomas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea of the Thomas Theorem?

<p>Reality is subjective and based on social definitions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental principle of Symbolic Interactionism?

<p>Humans are passive recipients of social structures. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of the idea that 'people can change meanings and symbols based on their interpretations of social situations'?

<p>Social life is characterized by flexibility and adaptability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of latency according to Parsons's AGIL typology?

<p>To motivate individuals to release frustrations in socially appropriate ways (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of socialization and social control in the context of Parsons's AGIL typology?

<p>To ensure common values and collective efforts to achieve goals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main distinction between manifest and latent functions in social structures according to Merton's analysis?

<p>Manifest functions are intended consequences, while latent functions are unintended consequences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Parsons's AGIL typology?

<p>To understand the mechanisms for maintaining social equilibrium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of pattern maintenance in Parsons's AGIL typology?

<p>It involves socially appropriate ways to display tensions and strains (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Merton's contribution to functionalist theory?

<p>It highlighted the multiple functions of social structures, including manifest and latent functions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the common theme among the works of the African and Caribbean writers mentioned?

<p>Exploring colonial racism and the push for independence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a work written by Frantz Fanon?

<p>The Black Jacobins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main theme of C.L.R. James' book 'Beyond a Boundary'?

<p>The links between cricket and British imperialism in Trinidad (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the title of George Padmore's work that examined the Haitian Revolution?

<p>The Black Jacobins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the works of these writers receive limited profiles in North America?

<p>The material spoke to the oppressed and was ignored by mainly White sociologists at North American universities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the common goal of the African and Caribbean leaders who drew on the works of these writers?

<p>To resist colonialism and racism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern that unites multiple strands of feminist theorizing?

<p>Addressing gender oppression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the 'waves' in feminist theory represent?

<p>Large-scale approaches to feminism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of First Wave Feminism?

<p>Primarily concerned with legal issues and women's suffrage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key contribution of Dorothy Smith to feminist social theorizing?

<p>Exploring and critiquing sociological methods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between First Wave and Second Wave Feminism?

<p>Their focus on legal issues versus social and cultural issues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a commonality among the different waves of feminist theory?

<p>Their lack of full homogeneity within each wave (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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