The Immune System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason patients with diabetes have sweet-smelling urine?

  • High levels of fat in the blood
  • High levels of proteins in the urine
  • Excessive water intake
  • Presence of glucose in the urine (correct)

    • What does 'hyperglycemia' refer to in patients with diabetes?

  • Excessive levels of insulin in the blood
  • Low levels of glucose in the blood
  • Normal glucose levels in the body
  • High levels of glucose in the blood (correct)

    • How is diabetes primarily diagnosed?

  • Through urine analysis
  • By measuring glucose levels in the blood (correct)
  • Assessing symptoms alone
  • Using blood pressure readings

    • What type of sugar is found in the urine of diabetic patients?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes diabetic individuals from those with normal blood sugar levels?

    <p>Excess sugar in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the immune system's response?

    <p>When an antigen enters the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of B lymphocytes in the immune response?

    <p>Produce antibodies to bind to antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are responsible for directly eliminating infected cells?

    <p>Cytotoxic T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do suppressor T cells play in the immune system?

    <p>Regulate and decrease the immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do macrophages contribute to the immune response?

    <p>Recognize and engulf antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of antibodies?

    <p>They specifically bind to antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens after B lymphocytes are activated by helper T cells?

    <p>They divide and form plasma cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do B lymphocytes mature?

    <p>Bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immunity is developed when antibodies are produced as a result of an illness?

    <p>Natural Active Immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of lymphocyte is responsible for producing antibodies?

    <p>B Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of memory lymphocytes in the immune response?

    <p>To remember pathogens for faster response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does passive immunity naturally occur?

    <p>From mother to child during pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following vaccines is designed to protect against tuberculosis?

    <p>BCG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during a primary immune response?

    <p>A slower immune response begins and eventually produces antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a secondary immune response?

    <p>A faster and more effective immune reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic do antigens have that allows the immune system to recognize them?

    <p>They are recognized by antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes active immunity from passive immunity?

    <p>Active immunity requires exposure to an antigen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lymphocyte type includes T helper and cytotoxic cells?

    <p>T Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Immune System

    • The immune system is a complex response triggered when a foreign substance (antigen) enters the body.
    • The response involves specialized white blood cells called lymphocytes, which are classified into B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes.
    • B lymphocytes mature in the bone marrow and produce antibodies.
    • T lymphocytes mature in the thymus and include helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, and suppressor T cells.
    • Helper T cells activate B lymphocytes and assist in other immune responses.
    • Cytotoxic T cells directly attack and destroy infected cells.
    • Suppressor T cells regulate the immune response, preventing excessive reactions.
    • Antigen is a foreign substance capable of triggering an immune response.
    • Antibodies are proteins produced by B lymphocytes that specifically bind to antigens.
    • The immune system produces a primary response when exposed to a disease-causing agent for the first time.
    • Memory lymphocytes provide immunological memory, allowing the body to mount a faster and more effective secondary response upon subsequent exposure to the same agent.
    • Active immunity is acquired through exposure to a disease or vaccination.
    • Passive immunity is acquired through the transfer of antibodies from another organism.
    • Vaccines introduce inactive toxins or dead/weakened antigens into the body, triggering an immune response without causing illness.

    Blood Sugar and Diabetes

    • Individuals with diabetes have high levels of glucose in their blood (hyperglycemia).
    • Diabetes can be diagnosed by measuring the amount of glucose in the blood through a blood test.
    • Blood glucose levels can be measured through a rapid finger prick test or a laboratory analysis of a blood sample.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the immune system and its components! This quiz covers the roles of B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, antibodies, and the overall immune response to antigens. Perfect for students learning about human biology and immunology.

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