The Hyoid Bone

Middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle = Superior Thyrohyoid muscle = Inferior Digastric muscle = Suprahyoid Omohyoid muscle = Inferior

Howler monkey = Pneumatized hyoid bone Woodpeckers = Elongated hyoid bone with horns wrapping around the skull Birds and some reptiles = Body of the hyoid greatly extended forward Lions = Incompletely ossified hyoid

Breathing = Hyoid bone Swallowing = Hyoid bone Speech = Hyoid bone Keeping the upper airway open during sleep = Hyoid bone

<p>Obstructive sleep apnea = Hyoid bone Strangulation = Hyoid bone Throttling = Hyoid bone Upper airway collapse during sleep = Hyoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Incompletely ossified hyoid = Roaring Completely ossified hyoid = Purring and meowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyoid suspension = Hyoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fish = Derived from the lower half of the second gill arch Mammals = Two pairs of cornua Birds = One pair of cornua Reptiles = Many cornua</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyoid apparatus = Collective term used to refer to the bones of the tongue and associated upper-gular connective tissues Cornua = Extensions of the hyoid bone Hyoid suspension = Surgical procedure that aims to potentially increase and improve the airway Ossified hyoid = A hyoid bone that is hardened or turned into bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sternothyroid muscle = Inferior Mylohyoid muscle = Suprahyoid Geniohyoid muscle = Suprahyoid Hyoglossus muscle = Superior</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lions = Roaring Cheetahs = Purring and meowing House cats = Purring and meowing Animals with an incompletely ossified hyoid = Roaring</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Body = The central part of the hyoid bone, convex and directed forward and upward Greater horns = One of two pairs of horns, part of the hyoid bone Lesser horns = One of two pairs of horns, part of the hyoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Geniohyoid muscle = Inserts into the body of the hyoid bone Mylohyoid = Inserted below the transverse ridge of the hyoid bone Sternohyoid = Inserted below the transverse ridge of the hyoid bone Omohyoid = Inserted below the transverse ridge of the hyoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anterior = Muscles from this direction anchor the hyoid bone Posterior = Muscles from this direction anchor the hyoid bone Inferior = Muscles from this direction anchor the hyoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mandible = The hyoid bone lies between this and the third cervical vertebra at rest Third cervical vertebra = The hyoid bone lies between this and the base of the mandible at rest Thyroid cartilage = The hyoid bone is situated between this and the chin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Horseshoe-shaped = The overall shape of the hyoid bone Only distantly articulated to other bones = Unique characteristic of the hyoid bone Aids in tongue movement and swallowing = Functional role of the hyoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Geniohyoid muscle = Inserts into the anterior surface of the hyoid bone Hyoglossus = Origin notches the lateral margin of the geniohyoid attachment on the hyoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mouth = The hyoid bone provides attachment to the muscles of the floor of this Tongue = The hyoid bone provides attachment to the muscles of this Larynx = The hyoid bone provides attachment to the muscles of this Epiglottis and pharynx = The hyoid bone provides attachment to the muscles of these</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyoeides = Greek term from which the name 'hyoid' is derived Upsilon = The Greek letter that the hyoid bone is said to be shaped like</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transverse ridge = Crosses the body of the hyoid bone in its upper half Vertical median ridge = May divide the body of the hyoid bone into two lateral halves</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Irregular bone = Classification of the hyoid bone Not connected to any other bones nearby = Unique characteristic of the hyoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Body of hyoid = Rounded above, gives attachment to the hyothyroid membrane and some aponeurotic fibers of the genioglossus Greater horns = Project backward from the outer borders of the body and facilitates muscular attachment Lesser horns = Two small, conical eminences, attached by their bases to the angles of junction between the body and greater horns Horns = Two sections of bone that project from each side of the hyoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyoglossus and middle pharyngeal constrictor = Upper surface of the greater horns Digastric muscle and stylohyoid muscle = In front of the hyoglossus and middle pharyngeal constrictor near the junction of the body with the horns Thyrohyoid muscle = Anterior half of the lateral border of the greater horns Chondroglossus = Medial side of the base of the lesser horns</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lesser cornu and upper part of the body = Second pharyngeal arch Greater cornu and lower portion of the body = Third pharyngeal arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ossification commences in the greater cornua = End of fetal development Ossification starts in the hyoid body = Shortly after birth Ossification begins in the lesser cornua = First or second year after birth Connection between the body and greater cornu becomes bony = After middle age</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyoid bone = Evolved in conjunction with the development of lactation Lower larynx = Does not allow the production of a wider range of sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lingual artery = Supplies blood to the hyoid bone Suprahyoid branch of the lingual artery = Supplies blood to the muscles attached to the hyoid bone Neanderthal man = Had a modern-looking hyoid bone Mammalian hyoid bone = Evolved with the development of lactation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epiglottis = Separated from the back of the hyoid bone by the hyothyroid membrane and loose areolar tissue Sternohyoid = Medially inserted to the body of the hyoid bone Omohyoid = Laterally inserted to the body of the hyoid bone Thyrohyoid ligament = Connects to the bony tubercle at the end of the greater horns</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyothyroid membrane = Attached to the medial border of the greater horns Stylohyoid ligament = Attached to the apex of the lesser horns Thyrohyoid muscle = Inserted to the anterior half of the lateral border of the greater horns Genioglossus = Some aponeurotic fibers attached to the body of the hyoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyoid bone = Evolved in conjunction with the development of lactation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyothyroid membrane = Separated from the back of the hyoid bone Thyrohyoid muscle = Inserted to the anterior half of the lateral border of the greater horns Lingual artery = Supplies blood to the hyoid bone Stylohyoid ligament = Attached to the apex of the lesser horns</p> Signup and view all the answers