The Human Genome Project

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Questions and Answers

Which type of neuron carries sensory information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system?

  • Interneurons
  • Sensory neurons (correct)
  • Axons
  • Motor neurons

What is the name for the space between neurons through which they communicate?

  • Dendrite
  • Axon
  • Terminal button
  • Synapse (correct)

What is the name for the voltage at which a neuron is not firing?

  • Depolarisation
  • Hyperpolarisation
  • Resting potential (correct)
  • Graded potential

Which part of the nervous system controls basic life processes such as the beating of the heart and breathing?

<p>Autonomic nervous system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the major structures of the central nervous system?

<p>Brain and spinal cord (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the hindbrain controls vital physiological functions such as heartbeat and respiration?

<p>Medulla oblongata (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the influence of genetics on psychological functioning?

<p>Genetics heavily influences psychological qualities and disorders. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of hereditary transmission?

<p>Gene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many chromosomes do human cells have?

<p>46 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the degree of relatedness between grandparents and grandchildren?

<p>0.25 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the degree of relatedness between siblings?

<p>0.5 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of twins share the same genetic make-up?

<p>Identical twins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the main focus of the research?

<p>Examining the effects of hemispheric disconnect on consciousness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method was used to test the boy's hemispheres?

<p>Visual stimuli (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the boy's left hemisphere respond to the questions?

<p>Verbally (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the right hemisphere respond to the questions?

<p>By spelling out words with the left hand (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

On which day did the boy's hemispheres tend to agree?

<p>When he was in a pleasant mood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the researchers find about the right hemisphere's responses?

<p>They were consistently more negative than the left hemisphere's responses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of heritability?

<p>The proportion of genetic variability among individuals on an observed trait (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a heritability coefficient of 0 indicate?

<p>No genetic influences on the trait (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following traits has a high degree of heritability in a heterogeneous population?

<p>Eye color (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean if a psychological attribute is genetically influenced?

<p>MZ twins are more likely than DZ twins to share the attribute (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a heritability coefficient of 1.0 indicate?

<p>A trait that is completely heritable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of studying twins in examining the role of genetics in psychological attributes?

<p>Twins have similar environments and genetic relatedness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is involved in regulating eating, sleeping, sexual activity, and emotional experience?

<p>Hypothalamus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain processes arriving sensory information and transmits it to higher brain centers?

<p>Thalamus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subcortical structures are involved in emotion, motivation, learning, and memory?

<p>Limbic system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lobes of the cerebral cortex are specialized for vision?

<p>Occipital lobes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lobes of the cerebral cortex are involved in coordination of movement, attention, planning, and aspects of personality?

<p>Frontal lobes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is neuroplasticity?

<p>The dynamic nature of the brain to develop and change itself in response to neural, environmental, and behavioral experiences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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