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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of philosophical inquiry according to the content?
What is the primary focus of philosophical inquiry according to the content?
- The structure of society
- The nature of human existence (correct)
- The analysis of psychological behaviors
- The importance of cultural practices
What does the term 'introspection' refer to in the philosophical perspective?
What does the term 'introspection' refer to in the philosophical perspective?
- The examination of one's thoughts and emotions (correct)
- The examination of society's structures
- The examination of one's physical appearance
- The examination of cultural traditions
What does Socrates suggest about true wisdom?
What does Socrates suggest about true wisdom?
- It is inherent to all human beings
- It can be taught in educational institutions
- It comes from accumulating knowledge
- It involves recognizing one's ignorance (correct)
Which of the following best describes the dualism mentioned in the philosophical perspective?
Which of the following best describes the dualism mentioned in the philosophical perspective?
According to the content, what is the essence of the self in the philosophical context?
According to the content, what is the essence of the self in the philosophical context?
What can be inferred about 'ignorance' as it is presented in the content?
What can be inferred about 'ignorance' as it is presented in the content?
What is highlighted as the noblest approach according to Socrates?
What is highlighted as the noblest approach according to Socrates?
What philosophical question does the content pose concerning self-reflection?
What philosophical question does the content pose concerning self-reflection?
What does immanuel Kant emphasize about existence?
What does immanuel Kant emphasize about existence?
Which statement best reflects St. Augustine's view on human nature?
Which statement best reflects St. Augustine's view on human nature?
In the context of empiricism, what is defined as 'impressions'?
In the context of empiricism, what is defined as 'impressions'?
According to the philosophical perspectives presented, what is said to constitute the 'self'?
According to the philosophical perspectives presented, what is said to constitute the 'self'?
What does Kant's view imply about the relationship between existence and action?
What does Kant's view imply about the relationship between existence and action?
How does St. Augustine relate to the concept of the 'restless heart'?
How does St. Augustine relate to the concept of the 'restless heart'?
What role do 'ideas' play in the realm of empiricism?
What role do 'ideas' play in the realm of empiricism?
What philosophical stance does St. Augustine represent compared to Kant's views?
What philosophical stance does St. Augustine represent compared to Kant's views?
What does the defense mechanism of repression primarily involve?
What does the defense mechanism of repression primarily involve?
What does David Hume suggest about the concept of the ego?
What does David Hume suggest about the concept of the ego?
Which defense mechanism involves denying the existence of a traumatic event?
Which defense mechanism involves denying the existence of a traumatic event?
According to Jean Jacques Rousseau, what is the state of man at birth?
According to Jean Jacques Rousseau, what is the state of man at birth?
What is the key characteristic of the defense mechanism known as reaction formation?
What is the key characteristic of the defense mechanism known as reaction formation?
What does Thomas Hobbes believe is necessary for building good character?
What does Thomas Hobbes believe is necessary for building good character?
What does displacement primarily refer to in psychological defense mechanisms?
What does displacement primarily refer to in psychological defense mechanisms?
Which defense mechanism describes the process of attributing disturbing impulses to others?
Which defense mechanism describes the process of attributing disturbing impulses to others?
What role does Hobbes attribute to desires in relation to human capability?
What role does Hobbes attribute to desires in relation to human capability?
What crucial idea does Rousseau present about individual consent?
What crucial idea does Rousseau present about individual consent?
What happens during the defense mechanism of fixation?
What happens during the defense mechanism of fixation?
In psychological terms, what does denial assist an individual in managing?
In psychological terms, what does denial assist an individual in managing?
What underlying view is shared by existentialism regarding individual responsibility?
What underlying view is shared by existentialism regarding individual responsibility?
What does the perspective about man's nature suggest regarding societal influence?
What does the perspective about man's nature suggest regarding societal influence?
What does the mechanism of projection allow a person to avoid?
What does the mechanism of projection allow a person to avoid?
How does Hume's view of the ego contrast with the concept of intrinsic morality?
How does Hume's view of the ego contrast with the concept of intrinsic morality?
What does regression in defense mechanisms entail?
What does regression in defense mechanisms entail?
Which of the following describes rationalization as a defense mechanism?
Which of the following describes rationalization as a defense mechanism?
What is introjection in the context of defense mechanisms?
What is introjection in the context of defense mechanisms?
How is sublimation characterized among defense mechanisms?
How is sublimation characterized among defense mechanisms?
What defines the infantile stage in psychosexual development?
What defines the infantile stage in psychosexual development?
What is meant by 'erogenous zone'?
What is meant by 'erogenous zone'?
At which stage of development is psychosexual maturity supposedly reached?
At which stage of development is psychosexual maturity supposedly reached?
What is a common feature of defense mechanisms?
What is a common feature of defense mechanisms?
Flashcards
Know Thyself
Know Thyself
The philosophical concept of introspection for self-understanding.
Socratic Philosophy
Socratic Philosophy
Recognizing one's ignorance is crucial for wisdom.
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant
Philosopher who linked existence with action.
St. Augustine
St. Augustine
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David Hume
David Hume
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Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
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Thomas Hobbes
Thomas Hobbes
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Repression (Psychology)
Repression (Psychology)
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Denial (Psychology)
Denial (Psychology)
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Reaction Formation
Reaction Formation
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Displacement (Psychology)
Displacement (Psychology)
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Projection (Psychology)
Projection (Psychology)
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Fixation (Psychology)
Fixation (Psychology)
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Regression (Psychology)
Regression (Psychology)
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Rationalization (Psychology)
Rationalization (Psychology)
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Introjection (Psychology)
Introjection (Psychology)
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Sublimation (Psychology)
Sublimation (Psychology)
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Psychoanalysis
Psychoanalysis
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Psychosexual Stages
Psychosexual Stages
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Study Notes
Objectives of the Study
- Understand and reflect on various perspectives in viewing oneself: philosophical, sociological, anthropological, psychological.
Philosophical Perspectives
- Philosophy is considered the foundation of inquiry into human existence, derived from the term "love of wisdom."
- "Know Thyself" emphasizes introspection for personal understanding.
- Socrates presents the dual realms of existence: the physical (changeable) and the ideal (unchanging).
- Socratic takeaway: True wisdom lies in recognizing one's ignorance.
Key Philosophers and Their Ideas
- Immanuel Kant: Advocated that existence is linked to action — "To be is to do."
- St. Augustine: Explored the nature of humanity as striving for divine connection. Noted, "Our hearts are restless until they rest in you."
- David Hume: Introduced empiricism; knowledge is derived from sensory experience. He asserted that the ego is a fictional concept.
- Jean Jacques Rousseau: Believed humans are born inherently good, corrupted by society. Key phrase: “No one may subject him without his consent.”
- Thomas Hobbes: Claimed formal education is crucial for moral development, stating that desire alone does not equate to capability.
Psychological Perspective
- Focuses on the structure of personality and defense mechanisms that individuals use to cope with stress and anxiety.
Defense Mechanisms
- Repression: Unconscious forgetting of discomforting thoughts or experiences.
- Denial: Refusing to acknowledge the existence of a threat or trauma.
- Reaction Formation: Expressing an impulse opposite to what one truly feels.
- Displacement: Redirecting unacceptable urges toward safer objects or individuals.
- Projection: Attributing one's disturbing impulses to others.
- Fixation: Sticking to a previous, less anxiety-provoking psychological stage.
- Regression: Reverting to behaviors characteristic of an earlier developmental stage.
- Rationalization: Reinterpreting behavior to make it seem more acceptable.
- Introjection: Imposing one's unwanted impulses onto an external object.
- Sublimation: Transforming unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable actions.
Psychoanalysis
- Highlights the stages of psychosexual development, where sexual drives shift focus throughout life.
- The early years (first 4-5) are vital for personality formation.
- The genital stage signifies maturity in psychosexual development, with erogenous zones identified as sources of pleasure.
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Description
Explore the various holistic perspectives of the self, including philosophical, sociological, anthropological, and psychological viewpoints. This quiz aims to deepen your understanding and reflection on how these perspectives shape our view of identity and ignorance. Engage with thought-provoking questions about the nature of self-awareness and ignorance.
