1 The Periodic Table MCQ 1
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary basis of arrangement of elements in the periodic table according to Dmitri Mendeleev?

  • Increasing atomic weight (correct)
  • Similar chemical properties
  • Electrolysis
  • Increasing atomic number

Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the properties of elements in a triad?

  • John Newlands
  • Johann Dobereiner (correct)
  • Henry Moseley
  • Humphry Davy

What was the term used by John Newlands to describe the groups of elements with similar properties?

  • Groups
  • Triads
  • Periods
  • Octaves (correct)

What was the innovation introduced by Henry Moseley in the arrangement of elements in the periodic table?

<p>Arrangement by atomic number (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the gaps left by Dmitri Mendeleev in his periodic table?

<p>They were predictions for undiscovered elements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist used X-rays to determine the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom?

<p>Henry Moseley (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scientists was the first to isolate potassium and sodium?

<p>Humphry Davy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the underlying principle behind Johann Dobereiner's triads?

<p>Similar chemical properties (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Dmitri Mendeleev place Iodine and Tellurium out of order in his periodic table?

<p>Because of their atomic weights (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the eighth element in John Newlands' octaves?

<p>It had properties similar to the first element (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main difference between the arrangement of elements by Dmitri Mendeleev and Henry Moseley?

<p>Atomic number vs. atomic weight (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scientists did not contribute to the development of the modern periodic table?

<p>Ancient Greeks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mendeleev's Periodic Table Basis

Arranging elements in order of increasing atomic weight formed the basis of Mendeleev's periodic table.

Dobereiner's Triads

Johann Dobereiner observed that groups of three elements (triads) shared similar chemical properties.

Newlands' Octaves

John Newlands noticed that elements with similar properties appeared at regular intervals, like octaves in music.

Moseley's Atomic Number

Henry Moseley redefined the periodic table by arranging elements based on their atomic number, a more accurate reflection of their properties.

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Mendeleev's Gaps

The gaps in Mendeleev's table were later filled with newly discovered elements, validating his predictions based on periodic trends.

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Moseley's X-ray Discovery

Moseley used X-rays to determine the number of protons (atomic number) in an element's nucleus, revolutionizing the periodic table.

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Davy's Alkali Metals

Humphry Davy was the first to isolate potassium and sodium, two highly reactive alkali metals.

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Underlying Principle of Dobereiner's Triads

Dobereiner's triads were based on the observation that elements within a triad exhibited similar chemical properties, despite varying atomic weights.

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Mendeleev's Order Adjustment

Mendeleev intentionally placed iodine and tellurium out of order based on their atomic weight to maintain consistency with their chemical properties.

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Significance of the Eighth Element

The eighth element in Newlands' octaves displayed similar properties to the first element, signifying the repeating nature of chemical properties.

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Mendeleev vs. Moseley Arrangement

Mendeleev arranged by atomic weight, while Moseley used atomic number, leading to a more accurate and stable periodic table.

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Ancient Greeks and the Periodic Table

Ancient Greeks did not contribute significantly to the development of the modern periodic table.

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Study Notes

Development of the Periodic Table

  • Ancient Greeks believed in 4 elements: Earth, Air, Wind, Fire.
  • Robert Boyle defined an element as a substance that cannot be split into simpler substances by chemical means.

Contributions of Key Scientists

  • Humphry Davy used electrolysis to break down water into hydrogen and oxygen and isolated potassium and sodium.
  • Johann Dobereiner discovered triads, where elements in a triad have similar chemical properties and the atomic weight of the middle element is halfway between the other two.
  • John Newlands arranged elements in increasing atomic weights and found that the eighth element had properties similar to the first, calling these groups octaves.

Dmitri Mendeleev's Contributions

  • Arranged elements in order of increasing atomic weight.
  • Listed subgroups for elements like Cu & Ag whose properties didn't fit into the main group.
  • Placed Iodine & Tellurium out of order of atomic weight.
  • Left gaps for undiscovered elements and predicted their properties.

Henry Moseley's Contributions

  • Arranged elements in order of increasing atomic number, not atomic weight.
  • Used X-rays to determine the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

The Modern Periodic Table

  • A list of elements arranged in increasing atomic number.
  • Arranged into horizontal periods and vertical groups.

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Test your knowledge of the development of the periodic table.

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